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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Malignant cancers of the kidney and ureter account for only 2-3% of all neoplasms in man. However, early diagnosis and treatment can have a profound effect on patient prognosis and survival. This article seeks to amalgamate a large body of information related to the pathology or primary renal tumors and metastatic disease with current imaging strategies to assist the clinician and enhance his understanding of the wide variety of modern imaging techniques available. Current tumor staging classifications are presented and the various imaging strategies are keyed to detection, definition and treatment options for tumors of the renal parenchyma and ureter. The strengths and limitations of all available imaging modalities are reviewed. An optimal approach to the imaging work up is developed with regard to availability, evolving technology and most importantly, cost efficacy. The controversies and conflicts in imaging and treatment options are explored while constructing a step by step approach that will be both flexible and utilitarian for the clinician faced with daily oncologic management choices.
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PMID:Oncologic imaging: kidney and ureter. 635 58

Twenty-two own cases are presented in order to describe the clinical manifestations and therapy, especially the postoperative radiotherapy, in case of carcinomas of the upper urinary tract. The authors agree with literature to recommend a high voltage radiotherapy with 45 Gy to the regional lymph node groups and with 50 to 55 Gy to the former tumor region in case of all tumors with infiltrating growth, of demonstrated lymph node metastases and of subtotally removed primary tumors. Radiotherapy should become an essential part of the therapeutic conception for carcinomas of the renal pelvis and of the ureter because of the nearly complete absence of side effects and the small rate of local recurrences.
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PMID:[Primarily malignant tumors of the renal pelvis and the ureter - clinical manifestations and results of radiotherapy]. 641 39

Case-reports of 85 patients with upper urinary tract tumors were reviewed. Mainly affected were males (87% of cases), particularly over 60 years of age, the principal presenting sign being hematuria. Other signs such as renal colic, lumbago or infections were observed more rarely. The renal pelvis was affected in 52 of the 85 patients (two of these were bilateral), multiple tumor foci being present in only 6 cases. Most tumors were epitheliomas (62 papillary and 13 non-papillary), with 52 of these at the superficial stage (0 or A), 21 at stage B 1 and 5 at stage B II or C. Based on Broders' classification, 48 were grade II and 16 grade III tumors. Prognosis was routinely poor in 5 patients with a stage B or C tumor and lymph node extension. Diagnosis is by intravenous urography, although retrograde ureteropyelography has its place, with increasing interest being given to ultrasound and computed tomography examinations combined with routine cystoscopy. If no particular contraindications exist, the preferred treatment is a total one-stage nephro-ureterectomy without curettage (52 cases), although curettage was performed at the same time in 9 other patients. Conservative surgery has only a limited application: 6 patients had segmental resections of the ureter and 2 patients underwent tumorectomy. Postoperative mortality was particularly loco: 4 patients (4,7%), mainly from vascular or respiratory diseases. (4,7%), mainly from vascular or respiratory diseases. Bone (5 cases), pulmonary (3 cases) and medullary (1 case) metastases represented the main cause of death during the year following surgery, all these patients having infiltrating tumors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Tumors of the upper urinary tract. Analysis of a series of 85 cases]. 649 44

A 63-year-old man who had undergone gastric resection for gastric carcinoma in June 1981, had a dull pain in the right flank and nausea on June 2, 1982. Excretory urograms showed spontaneous rupture of the right pelvis. Metastasis or invasion of the gastric carcinoma to the right ureter was suspected. On June 9, 1982, percutaneous nephrostomy guided by ultrasound was performed. After the nephrostomy, antegrade pyelogram revealed no extravasation of the contrast medium.
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PMID:[Spontaneous rupture of the renal pelvis: a case report]. 668 11

We report a clinical case of carcinoma of the rectum. A 45-year-old patient had undergone resection of the rectum and proctostomy 22 months ago. Carcinoma caused metastasis to the corpora cavernosa of the penis in this patient, and caused local recurrence of the carcinoma of the rectum, pulmonary metastasis and malignant priapism. A statistical analysis of 62 cases of secondary tumor of the penis in Japan was also made. The present clinical case was the 62nd case of secondary tumor of the penis in Japan, and the 4th case of secondary penile tumor from the rectum. The primary foci of the secondary tumor of the penis are mostly in the urinary bladder and the prostate, followed by the rectum, kidney, pelvis of the kidney and the ureter. Primary sites in the urogenital organs were found in 82.3% and in the neighboring organs in 85.2%. As the route of metastasis of the secondary tumor of the penis, arterial blood, retrovenous, retro-lymph and direct infiltrating metastasis may be possible. Secondary tumor of the penis is mostly found in aged persons, and the major symptoms may be penile nodule and mass, malignant priapism, penile pain and tenderness, and difficulty in urination and retention of urine. Regardless of the length to metastasis and difference in the treatment of the metastatic focus, the secondary tumor of the penis is poor in prognosis, and survival period may be up to 7 months. From the findings of post-mortem examination, secondary tumor of the penis should be regarded as a secondary sign due to recurrence of the primary tumor or presence of metastasis in other organs, and careless surgical operation should be avoided.
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PMID:[A clinical case of secondary tumor of the penis from the rectum, with malignant priapism]. 674 57

Ethylcellulose microcapsules of mitomycin C (MMC) were prepared. The potential therapeutic effects of intra-arterial infusion of the microencapsulated anti-cancer drugs were considered to be a function of microembolization and prolonged the drug action, that is, chemoembolization. A total of 19 patients with locally recurrent carcinoma of the pelvic cavity was subjected to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with microencapsulated MMC. These included 7 bladder carcinomas, 7 prostatic carcinomas, 2 ureter carcinomas, 1 rectal carcinomas, 1 ovarian carcinoma and 1 cervical carcinoma. Thirteen patients had several distant or lymph node metastases. The single dose of MMC ranged from 10 to 40 mg and the total dose in each patient varied from 10 to 90 mg (mean 35 mg). The therapeutic response was evaluated by Karnofsky's criteria in terms of subjective and objective changes. Of 18 patients, 11 patients were assessed to category of I-A, B or C and 9 patients were survived over one years. Hematological toxicity occurred in 4 (22%) of 18 patients, but no treatment was needed for 3 of 4 patients. Local pain and high fever lasted more than one week were experienced in one patient. Skin necrosis lasting for a few months occurred in 10 (56%) of 18 patients. Surgical ligation of the gluteal arteries considerably prevented this painful condition. In conclusion, our clinical experiences indicate that chemoembolization is effective as a preoperative and palliative measure in the treatment of locally recurrent carcinoma of the pelvis and also helpful to control intractable symptoms such as hemorrhage or pain in patients with several metastases.
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PMID:[Arterial infusion of microencapsulated mitomycin C for the treatment of locally recurrent carcinoma of the pelvic cavity]. 682 Sep 3

2 cases of metastasis to the ureter from carcinoma of the stomach are presented. The clinical and radiologic features are reviewed. Metastasis to the ureter is rare. A plea for vigorous evaluation and early detection of this entity is made.
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PMID:Radiologic features of a metastatic carcinoma to the ureter. 687 20

Autopsy records of renal adenocarcinoma cases were analyzed to investigate the mode of metastatic spread in instances of a tumor thrombus in the renal vein and/or vena cava. In this series of 1,828 cases 137 (7.5 per cent) had a tumor thrombus. Analysis revealed no significant differences in the incidence of the tumor thrombus between sexes or sides of primary renal involvement, or whether nephrectomy had been performed. The cases with a tumor thrombus showed higher frequencies of metastases in the liver, hepatic hilar lymph nodes and ureter, while metastases in the bones, contralateral kidney and brain were less frequent. The results suggest that bypass routes or lymphogenous spread of the tumor might be facilitated in some cases with a tumor thrombus.
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PMID:Distant metastasis of renal adenocarcinoma in patients with a tumor thrombus in the renal vein and/or vena cava. 706 23

The specific red cell adherence (SRCA) test used previously as a prognostic indicator of bladder tumors was used in a retrospective review of 14 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter and renal pelvis. SRCA-positive individuals appear to have better survival and progress less frequently to metastatic disease. Of five patients with positive reactions, none had distant metastases. Conversely, in SRCA-negative individuals metastatic disease developed more frequently (4 of 9). The SRCA test can be as useful a test of the prognosis of ureteral and renal pelvis tumors as it is of urinary bladder tumors.
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PMID:Specific red cell adherence test applied to tumors of ureter and renal pelvis. 707 26

This report describes the clinicopathologic features of a 49-year-old woman who was reoperated on for bulky abdominal metastases 20 years after hysterectomy for endometrial stromal myosis (ESM). The levels of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors measured in the resected tumorous tissue amounted to 48.3 and 71.4 femtomoles (fmol)/mg cytosol protein, respectively. After medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera; Upjohn) treatment of 16 months duration, the unresected pelvic tumor mass compressing the bladder and the left ureter had decreased in volume and hydroureteronephrosis had regressed. The efficacy of the therapy was monitored by computed tomography. Two years and nine months after surgery, the evolution of the tumor seems well-controlled by continuous progestin therapy and the patient is living without symptoms.
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PMID:Endolymphatic stromal myosis. Surgical and hormonal treatment of extensive abdominal recurrence 20 years after hysterectomy. 711 13


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