Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bone marrow biopsy specimens were evaluated retrospectively in 63 of 88 (72%) patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Significant differences were not found between extensive disease (ED) patients with or without bone marrow metastases in survival nor in nadirs of leucocytes or platelets subsequent to chemotherapy. A panel of antibodies was used to investigate whether immunohistochemical analysis on routinely processed bone marrow biopsy specimens could detect marrow metastases more effectively than conventional microscopy. In histologically proven marrow metastases and in control SCLC sections a combination of an antibody against cytokeratin 8, 18 and 19 (NCL5D3) and an antibody against neurone specific enolase was validated for detection of metastases. In histologically negative marrow biopsy samples, however, this combination did not yield any additional tumour positive cases. Therefore, histological evaluation of a bone marrow biopsy specimen, even when analysed by immunohistochemistry, does not contribute information relevant for staging, therapy evaluation or prognosis in SCLC.
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PMID:Examination of bone marrow biopsy specimens and staging of small cell lung cancer. 196 46

One hundred and two bone marrow samples were analysed by histological and immunohistochemical methods for neurone specific enolase (NSE). The biopsies were performed to determine the extent of bone marrow disease in 84 neuroblastomas, nine embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas, five Ewing's sarcomas, two cases of Hodgkin's disease and two lymphoblastic lymphomas. Twenty seven (32%) of neuroblastoma bone marrows showed metastases by conventional histological techniques and 33 (39%) after immunohistochemical staining with NSE. Five embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas, five Ewing's sarcomas, and two lymphoblastic lymphomas showed bone marrow metastases. Only one of these cases was reactive for NSE. NSE represents a very sensitive immunomarker for the follow up of neuroblastoma and improves detection of bone marrow invasion by neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical demonstration of neurone specific enolase in bone marrow infiltrated by neuroblastoma. 203 Jan 50

In contrast to pulmonary parenchyma metastases or lymphangitic carcinomatosis, neoplastic emboli of small pulmonary arteries and capillaries frequently go unrecognized and are only discovered at autopsy. Five patients (48 +/- 12 years old) were admitted to 3 intensive care units for severe acute respiratory failure and died between the first and the tenth day following hospitalization. Each patient had a history of rapidly progressive dyspnea, and physical examination showed clinical evidence of right ventricular failure. The lungs were clear on chest X-rays and the ECG revealed sinus tachycardia with a right QRS axis. The mean partial pressures of oxygen (PaO2) and carbon dioxide (PaCO2) were, respectively, 50.8 +/- 9.1 mm Hg and 22.2 +/- 2.4 mm Hg. A swan-Ganz catheter, inserted into 4 patients, revealed pulmonary arterial hypertension (55, 43, 37, 28) with capillary wedge pressure within the normal limits and cardiac output normal or low (3.0, 3.8, 4.4, 5.0 l/min). Pulmonary angiograms from each patient showed decreased distal lung perfusion without any proximal defects suggestive of pulmonary embolism. The inferior vena cava always appeared clear. Malignant cells were found upon autopsy (4 cases) in the lumina of the pulmonary arterioles and the primary site of the cancer was determined in 3 patients (2 hepatomas and 1 pancreatic carcinoma). The last patient had a known breast cancer with bone marrow metastases and clinical, hemodynamic and angiographic evidence of neoplastic emboli. The clinical course of neoplastic emboli can suggest acute pulmonary embolism, but the diagnosis can only be advanced after pulmonary angiography, especially if the patient is to have a cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Acute respiratory distress caused by distal neoplastic pulmonary emboli]. 209 8

Twenty percent (n = 6) of Stage III or IV breast cancer patients (n = 30) had bone marrow metastases detected in bilateral bone marrow biopsy/aspiration preparations using standard histologic preparations. Each metastasis was also detected by four separate monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) which recognize breast carcinoma associated antigens (DF3, anti-EMA, HMFG-2, and CAM5.2). These MAbs were then utilized to stain other bone marrow preparations (n = 81) to determine their utility for the detection of micrometastatic breast carcinoma. MAbs HMFG-2, anti-EMA, and DF3 were each strongly reactive with bone marrows containing histologically-evident metastatic breast carcinoma (18/18). These anti-epithelial membrane antigen MAbs, however, were also reactive with rare plasma cells and immature cells (as well as cell clusters) in some of the control bone marrow samples tested, including those from normal patients and patients with hematologic disorders. They also reacted with some of the preparations from patients with leukemia and lymphoma, and with uninvolved marrows from patients with non-epithelial malignancies. The anti-keratin MAb CAM5.2, in contrast, reacted with 83% (15/18) breast cancer metastases and failed to stain any cells in the various categories of control marrow preparations. These data suggested that MAb CAM5.2 might be utilized to immunohistochemically differentiate micrometastatic breast carcinoma from immature myeloid or erythroid elements. Each MAb was then reacted with histologically uninvolved marrow preparations from the remaining 24 of 30 breast cancer patients in an attempt to identify occult breast carcinoma metastases. While MAbs HMFG-2, DF3, and anti-EMA demonstrated reactive cells in some of these marrows, this reactivity was similar to that seen with control preparations. MAb CAM5.2, in contrast, was negative with all specimens. These data suggest that MAb CAM5.2 may be a useful immunologic probe for the detection and confirmation of metastatic breast carcinoma in bone marrow, while more caution must be employed in the interpretation of results obtained using MAbs anti-EMA, DF3, and HMFG-2.
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PMID:Comparison of monoclonal antibodies for the detection of occult breast carcinoma metastases in bone marrow. 245 2

The detection of bone marrow involvement might be of prognostic value and may influence therapeutic decisions in small cell lung cancer. By unilateral bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, evidence of bone marrow metastases is seen in 15-30% of patients with this disease. Since magnetic resonance imaging of the lower body and immunostaining with monoclonal antibodies have recently been shown to be very sensitive detection methods, we investigated the value of these two techniques in detecting bone marrow involvement in 35 consecutive patients with small cell lung cancer. The results were compared to those obtained with conventional cytohistological analysis. In all cases when cytology and/or bone marrow biopsy were positive, monoclonal antibodies immunostaining and magnetic resonance imaging also detected malignant cells. Furthermore, evidence of bone marrow involvement was shown with magnetic resonance imaging and/or immunostaining in 10 of 26 cases (38%) where routine procedures were unable to detect malignant cells. In one of these 26 patients, magnetic resonance imaging and immunostaining provided the only evidence of metastatic disease. These data suggest that the rate of bone marrow metastases is underestimated by routine procedures. Further investigation is needed to determine whether or not these new non-invasive methods have prognostic value or affect therapeutic choices in small cell lung carcinoma.
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PMID:Bone marrow metastases in small cell lung cancer: detection with magnetic resonance imaging and monoclonal antibodies. 255 88

The authors analysed bone marrow metastases in lung cancer in 104 deceased patients. Trepano-biopsy was taken from the sternum, hip bone and spine. Bone marrow metastases were found in 33 cases (31.73%). Most often they were seen in small cell lung cancer (16 cases--35.56%). In 12 cases the bone marrow was the only site of lung cancer metastases.
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PMID:[Analysis of neoplasm metastases to the bone marrow in patients with lung cancer]. 256 Aug 29

With the availability of monoclonal antibodies against the estrogen receptor (ER) it is possible to demonstrate the presence of ER immunohistochemically. Some of the antibodies are claimed to be reactive in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue. We have evaluated the reactivity of one of these antibodies, D75 and found an acceptable reaction in routinely formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue. The antibody was applied to both primary and secondary tumors from a group of patients with recurrent breast cancer. The metastatic lesions consisted of lymph node metastases, bone marrow metastases, and liver metastases. While 41% of the primary tumors were ER-positive, this was only the case with 35%, 20%, and 17% of the lymph node, bone marrow, and liver metastases, respectively. The discordance between the ER-status of the primary tumor and the distant metastasis was 41% in cases of bone marrow metastases, and 44% in liver metastases. In most cases the shift was from an ER-positive primary tumor to an ER-negative metastasis. The results support the hypothesis that ER-negative tumor cells are probably more aggressive with a larger metastatic potential than the higher differentiated, ER-positive tumor cells.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical detection of estrogen receptors in paraffin sections from primary and metastatic breast cancer. 261 69

Forty patients with known primary tumor and progressive back pain, suspected of having spinal metastatic disease, underwent magnetic resonance (MR) examinations of the thoracic and lumbosacral spine. Conventional radiographs and CT scans of the spine were all normal. The radionuclide bone scans were equivocal. In 21 patients focal or diffuse vertebral MR abnormalities were detected. In nine patients the lesions were hypointense on T1 sequence, and the same lesions were demonstrated poorly or not at all on T2 and proton density sequences. In eight other patients the bone marrow metastases presented with strong signal intensity on T2 and were poorly or not at all demonstrated on T1 and proton density sequences. In three patients with multiple myeloma, the signal intensity pattern of the vertebrae was diffusely heterogeneous, with alternating small foci of strong and weak signals (a mosaic-like pattern). Following the MR studies, needle biopsy confirmed the malignancy in the 21 patients who had shown abnormalities. No correlation between the type of primary tumor and the signal intensity of the vertebral metastases was shown. Possibly the mosaic pattern shown in three of the multiple myeloma patients represents a special case.
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PMID:Early MR demonstration of spinal metastases in patients with normal radiographs and CT and radionuclide bone scans. 274 77

Immunohistochemical antibody techniques for detection of oestrogen receptors (ER) were applied to formalin fixed, paraffin embedded sections from 62 primary breast cancers, the metastases of their original regional lymph nodes (29 cases), bone marrow carcinosis (43 cases) and liver metastases (20 cases). Forty per cent of the primary tumours and 31% of the regional lymph node metastases were ER positive; in contrast, less than 20% of liver and bone marrow metastases were ER positive. The ER status of regional lymph node metastases was concordant with that of the primary tumour in 90% of the cases. The concordance rate was 75% for liver metastases and 58% for bone metastases. Patients with ER positive primary tumours had recurrence significantly more often in bone; ER negative tumours recurred more often in the liver. The survival after recurrence (SAR) was significantly related to the ER status of the primary tumour and to that of the regional lymph node metastases. In contrast, the SAR was not associated with the ER status of bone marrow carcinosis or liver metastases. Cox analyses showed that age and ER status of the primary tumour were the most important independent prognostic factors compared to other clinical, therapeutic, pathoanatomical and biochemical features. The study supports the hypothesis that tumour cell clones with different ER content are selected and adapted to grow in various anatomical sites. Moreover, the ER status of the primary tumour seems to be more important for the prognosis than the ER status of bone and liver metastases.
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PMID:Oestrogen receptor status of primary breast carcinomas and their metastases. Relation to pattern of spread and survival after recurrence. 276 76

It is well known that small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a high propensity to metastasize to the bone marrow and that such involvement has a prognostic significance. A more accurate detection of these bone marrow metastases is thus mandatory. In this study, we analysed the results of the detection of these metastases using an indirect immunofluorescence test. For this purpose, 3 anti-SCLC rat monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) specific for 3 different antigens (LCA1, LCA2, LCA3) have been utilized to examine 59 bone marrow samples from patients at time of diagnosis and 20 samples from chemotherapy treated patients. Eight patients had bone marrow clearly involved by morphological analysis. They all had fluorescent cells recognized at immunodetection with at least 2 MoAbs positive for 7 out of the 8 samples. Fifteen samples, negative by morphological analysis, were proven positive by immunofluorescence. In 12 cases, involvement was detected only by 1 MoAb (6 anti-LCA1, 2 anti-LCA2, 4 anti-LCA3). A correlation was found between the number of samples proven positive by morphological analysis and the number of positive MoAbs for these samples (p less than 0.005). Among the bone marrow samples provided by the 32 limited disease patients, LCA positive cells were detected in 9 (28%) compared to 14 out of the 27 (52%) samples from extensive disease patients (p less than 0.05). We concluded that the indirect immunofluorescence with a panel of MoAbs increases the rate of detection of bone marrow SCLC metastases.
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PMID:Detection of small cell lung cancer bone marrow metastases by immunofluorescence. 283 87


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