Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Due to the morbidity of open tissue biopsy, the cytologic diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma by fine needle aspiration or examination of biliary tree fluid is highly desirable. Immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibody B72.3 has been advocated as an adjunct in the identification of tumor cells in body fluids. To assess its usefulness as an adjunct in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma, we examined cytologic specimens of the pancreas from 35 patients [24 pancreatic carcinoma, 6 metastases (4 adenocarcinoma and 1 each of Hodgkin's disease and melanoma), 5 with benign conditions] with an immunohistochemical procedure using B72.3 directly over the Papanicolaou-stained slides. Of the pancreatic carcinomas, 21 of 24 (87%) were cytologically positive and 21 of 24 (87%) marked with B72.3. With both techniques, 23 of 24 cases (96%) could be identified. Three of four metastatic adenocarcinomas were positive by both cytology and B72.3. No staining occurred in the metastatic melanoma, Hodgkin's disease, or 3 of 5 benign conditions. In two benign duodenal aspirates, an unusual reticular B72.3 staining occurred in the mucin of acinar and goblet cells which could be misinterpreted as positive staining. In our experience, B72.3 enhances the sensitivity of the cytologic diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Unrecognized single tumor cells, cytologically uninterpretable cells, and tumor cell clusters that could be misinterpreted as reactive epithelium mark with B72.3. Care should be taken to avoid misinterpretation of nonspecific mucin staining with this antibody.
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PMID:Immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibody B72.3 as an adjunct in the cytologic diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. 246 86

Coagulation system and platelets play an important role in the stage of lodgement of tumor cells. We examined abilities of human and hamster pancreatic cancer cell lines to aggregate platelets in vitro, and investigated the effect of prostaglandin E1, I2, on artificial liver metastases of pancreatic cancer in Syrian golden hamster. Platelet aggregating activities were found in five out of six human pancreatic cancer cell line and thromboplastin likes activity in five cell lines. Diisopropanolnitrosamine induced hamster pancreatic cancer cells (HPK-1) were able to aggregate platelets both in vitro and in vivo and these activities were inhibited by prostaglandin I2. Hamster was inoculated intraportally with 1 X 10(6) HPK-1 cells. After two weeks autopsy of these hamsters revealed multiple metastatic nodules on liver surface. In this model we administered prostaglandin E1, I2 into the portal vein five minutes before cell inoculation. Number of liver surface nodules were significantly decreased to 33.1 + 7.0, 11.0 + 9.6 in hamster given 100g PGE1 PGI2 before cell inoculation, compared with control group of hamsters (62.0 + 6.6 PH9.3, 66.1 + 13.9 PH7.4). But administration of prostaglandin after cell injection was not effective. In all cases none of extrahepatic metastases were noted. Inhibitory action of PGE1 PGI2 on liver metastasis is suspected to be related to inhibition of platelet aggregation.
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PMID:[Inhibitory effect of anti-platelet prostaglandin on liver metastasis of hamster pancreatic cancer]. 250 99

Urinary excretion of alpha-glucosidase (AGL), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and ribonuclease (RNase), and serum amylase and immunoreactive trypsin (IRT) were determined in 38 control subjects, 48 patients with pancreatic cancer, 77 with chronic pancreatitis and 47 with extrapancreatic diseases in order to ascertain the presence of a renal tubular damage and to investigate its etiology. A significantly increased frequency of pathological results for all urinary enzymes was documented in the various groups of patients as compared to controls. Significant correlations were detected among AGL, GGT and RNase. Considering the subjects as a whole, GGT and RNase excretions correlated with serum IRT and amylase; the two urinary enzymes were found to be higher when jaundice was present. In chronic pancreatic disease enzymuria was related to increased serum pancreatic enzymes; in extrapancreatic diseases it was associated to hyperbilirubinemia. The vast majority of patients with pancreatic cancer and elevated urinary enzymes presented hepatic metastases and/or jaundice. We can conclude that an anatomical and functional tubular impairment is detectable in some patients with chronic pancreatic and extrapancreatic diseases. Tubular damage seems to least in part to be related to pancreatic inflammation and necrosis in chronic pancreatic disease, while jaundice may be found to play an important role in diseases of the hepatobiliary tract. In pancreatic cancer, liver dysfunction (presence of liver metastases and/or extrahepatic cholestasis) also appears to be involved in altering tubular cells.
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PMID:Renal tubular dysfunction in pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis. 256 74

The purpose of this study was to characterize an in vivo model of human pancreatic cancer suitable for chemotherapy and immunotherapy studies. In this study we report a 2-year experience in growing the MIA PaCa-2 (CRL 1420) human pancreatic cancer cell line in 92 adult (8 weeks old) and 256 young (3-6 weeks old) nude mice. Ten million tumor cells were transplanted into orthotopic (duodenal lobe of the pancreas) and/or heterotopic positions (hepatic and subcutaneous) and data on operative mortality, effect of total body irradiation (TBI), tumor growth kinetics, and survival are presented comparing the two age groups. Operative mortality was due to anesthetic intolerance which was higher in the young mouse population (13.4% versus 5.7%). Adult mice withstood TBI (500 rad) without mortality but young mice were highly sensitive to radiation damage and their maximum tolerated dose (LD50) was 425-450 rad. Subcutaneous tumors grew significantly more often in young compared to adult animals (97.9% versus 69%) and this finding was not affected by TBI (96.9% versus 75%), though tumors did appear more quickly after TBI. An average of 14.7 +/- 2.8 days was required for the subcutaneous tumors to become macroscopically apparent in the adult population compared with 3.1 +/- 0.8 days in the young mice. The largest subcutaneous tumor diameter 28 days following tumor implant averaged 9.3 +/- 0.6 mm in the young animals and 5.5 +/- 1.7 mm in the adult population (P less than 0.01). Treatment of young mice with human recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) (10,000 Units twice a day for 28 days) produced a 27% decrease in tumor growth. This effect was abolished by prior irradiation of the young mice with 375 rad TBI. Pancreatic tumor growth also occurred more consistently in young than in adult animals (91.2% versus 64.3%) and irradiation did not affect pancreatic tumor take in either group. Occasionally intrapancreatic tumor growth was associated with liver metastases in animals that were killed after 28 days (17.8% in young and 22.2% in adult animals). However, when more than 45 days elapsed before sacrificing the animals, the incidence of hepatic metastases increased to 57.1%. This was slightly less than the incidence of hepatic lesions found after direct injection of cancer cells into the liver by portal vein injection (71.4%). Direct extension of tumor into surrounding tissues was common with frequent involvement of the duodenum (83.7%), kidneys (30.6%), and other intraabdominal organs (43.9%). Survival was significantly longer in adult compared to young mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:The nude mouse as a model for the study of human pancreatic cancer. 258 1

Authors have reviewed 322 consecutive patients with malignant tumors confirmed by pathological studies between October 1973 and August 1987 in order to determine the frequency, clinical presentation, and lesion localization of metastatic brain tumor in the elderly. Among 322 patients with malignant tumor, 7 patients with primary brain tumor and 21 patients with metastatic brain tumors were found. The over-all frequency of metastases to the brain was 5.8%. This frequency of brain metastasis in the elderly was lower than those of the previous literature which have varied from 9 to 35%. The patients' ages with metastatic brain tumor ranged from 65 to 88 years with a median age of 77.5 years. The primary tumor sites of metastatic brain tumors were limited to 5 kinds of organs. These metastases were found in 27.3% of 11 patients with breast cancer, 17.5% of 80 patients with lung cancer, 6.7% of 15 patients with bile duct system cancer, 5.0% of 20 patients with pancreatic cancer, and 2.0% of 91 patients with gastric cancer. There was no brain metastasis in the other kinds of carcinoma. Among 21 metastatic brain tumors, there were 14 patients with lung cancer, 3 patients with breast cancer, 2 patients with gastric cancer, 1 patient with cholangiocarcinoma, and 1 patient with pancreatic cancer. In this series, the frequency of single and multiple metastases were 13 and 8 cases, respectively. The multiple brain metastases ranged from 2 to 6 nodules. In 21 metastatic brain tumors, there were 42 metastatic nodules in total.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Metastatic brain tumor in the elderly]. 259 35

Special attention is called to the localization and metastasizing of pancreatic cancer in different organs and systems. Ample post-mortem case material was used to this end, including 25,589 autopsies for 25 years (1963-1987). Pancreatic cancer was recorded in 419 cases--174 men and 145 women. The neoplastic process was analyzed in three aspects: metastasizing in near and in more remote organs; study the relation between localization of the cancer and its metastasizing; elucidation of the relation between the histologic forms of pancreatic cancer and its complications (infiltration and metastasizing). It is concluded that most common were the metastases in the regional lymph nodes, followed in incidence by those in the liver, lungs and intestines. Metastases in other organs were comparatively less common.
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PMID:[Pancreatic cancer--the localization and metastasis of the tumor in the gland (a statistical analysis of autopsy data from the Department of Pathological Anatomy of the Biomedical Research Institute in 1963-1987)]. 263 8

At the National Cancer Center Hospital, the survival rates of 155 patients with pancreatic cancer, during the period from 1980 to 1987, have been retrospectively analysed. The size of tumor, type of histology, liver metastases, peritoneal metastases, and type of therapy affected the survival rates significantly. Survival rates at one year were 64% among the curative resections, 29% among non-curative resections, 30% for radiotherapy and chemotherapy and 10% for patients with only chemotherapy. We have concluded from the above that the combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy enabled a longer survival in patients with a non-resectable pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:[Factors influencing the prognosis of carcinoma of the pancreas--an analysis of 155 cases]. 272 49

The pancreas is located in the retroperitoneal space, and its anatomical position is very important in devising a rational surgical approach to pancreatic cancer. In cancer of the pancreas head, cancer cells could invade the portal vein and perineural space of the celiac plexus, and metastasize to regional lymph nodes around the celiac axis. For these reasons, we have performed on extensive operation for cancer of the pancreas head, in which a pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed with extensive resection of the regional lymph nodes around the celiac axis, resection of the celiac plexus and segmental resection of the portal vein. As a result, seven out of 31 resected cases survived more than 5 years after the operation. On the other hand, local recurrence was still found at autopsy in 11 of 12 patients who underwent the extensive operation and died of the recurrent disease. Therefore, further removal of adjacent tissues behind the pancreas and extensive dissection of the regional lymph nodes around the celiac axis seem important for improving the survival of patients with cancer of the pancreas head. Postoperatively, skillful management is also required for severe intestinal malabsorption and diabetic state following the operation.
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PMID:[Significance of extensive surgery in pancreatic cancer]. 273 11

This study was undertaken in order to ascertain the role of CA 19-9 in pancreatic cancer diagnosis. Therefore CA 19-9 was determined in the sera of 83 control subjects, 108 patients with pancreatic cancer, 112 with chronic pancreatitis and 126 with extrapancreatic diseases. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in detecting pancreatic cancer were: 75%, 86% and 61% respectively. The receiver-operating characteristic curves showed that CA 19-9 is able to well discriminate pancreatic cancer from controls; satisfactorily it differentiated pancreatic malignancy from chronic pancreatitis and other benign extrapancreatic diseases. Extrapancreatic neoplasms were not accurately separated. No difference was detected in CA 19-9 levels between pancreatic cancer patients with or without hepatic metastases. We can conclude that CA 19-9 is a test for pancreatic malignancy with a satisfactory sensitivity and specificity in respect of other pancreatic and extrapancreatic benign pathologies; the presence of hepatic metastases is only one of the factors which may increase its serum levels.
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PMID:[Ca 19-9 in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma]. 2747 70

From 1969 to 1984, 125 patients (49 women and 76 men) with pancreatic cancer were treated at the Department of Radiotherapy at Turku University Central Hospital. The mean age of the patients was 63 years. Surgery was the only treatment in 40 cases, 22 patients received radiotherapy, 27 chemotherapy, and 13 received both radiotherapy and chemotherapy after surgery or as the only treatment; 23 patients received no active therapy. The average survival time was 7.5 months. The mean survival times of patients in the purely surgical group was 8.1 months, in the radiotherapy group 8.7 months, in the chemotherapy group 8.1 months, and in the group which received both radiotherapy and chemotherapy 9.7 months. The average survival time of patients who received neither surgical nor oncological treatment was significantly shorter (3.2 months). Statistically significant factors regarding shorter survival times were metastases at presentation (survival time 3.9 months), and poor general condition (Karnofsky index less than 60; survival time 4.4 months).
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PMID:Pancreatic cancer. Evaluation of prognostic factors and treatment results. 278 24


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