Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The 67-kd high-affinity laminin receptor (67 LR) is a gene product whose expression appears to be associated with the invasive and metastatic phenotype of a variety of human cancer cells. Northern blot hybridization has been routinely used to quantify the level of 67 LR mRNA from total cellular RNA extracts of homogenized tissue specimens or in vitro grown cell populations. This technique is useful to assess the average expression of the 67 LR mRNA of a particular sample but does not provide information about expression in specific cell types nor about heterogeneity of expression from cell to cell. In this study, we analyzed the expression of 67 LR mRNA in four human cancer cell lines with varying degrees of expression of 67 LR protein (renal cancer A-704, breast carcinoma MCF-7/4 and MCF-7/7, and pancreatic cancer Panc-1) using in situ hybridization performed with 67 LR riboprobes. Total cellular RNA was simultaneously extracted from the cell lines and hybridized on Northern blots with a 67 LR cDNA probe to assess the validity of the mRNA detection by in situ hybridization. Sixty-seven LR mRNA expression was higher in Panc-1 and MCF-7/4 cells than in MCF-7/7 and renal carcinoma A-704. There was a direct correlation (R2 = 0.88) between the in situ hybridization analysis and the mRNA levels detected by Northern blot analysis. The in situ hybridization method showed a heterogeneous expression of the 67 LR mRNA in the four cell lines with different subpopulations of cells showing a range from negative to high levels of the message. Sixteen freshly frozen human colorectal tissues (seven adenocarcinomas, five matched normal mucosae, and four adenomas) were also analyzed by in situ hybridization. The 67 LR mRNA was localized in normal and neoplastic epithelial cells. Adenocarcinoma cells showed a 1.6- to 5-fold higher expression (P < 0.02 according to the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test) than did epithelial colonic cells from normal mucosae or adenomas. The signal tended to be stronger in poorly differentiated carcinomas and carcinomas with metastases than in moderately differentiated and nonmetastatic tumors. We conclude that the high expression of 67 LR mRNA in colorectal tumors is due to an increased production by tumor cells. Furthermore, in situ hybridization is an effective method to detect the expression of LR mRNA in cultured cell lines as well as in frozen tissue sections.
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PMID:Detection of laminin receptor mRNA in human cancer cell lines and colorectal tissues by in situ hybridization. 144 45

In order to analyze the results of treatment of patients with locoregional recurrence after intentional curative resection of pancreatic cancer, a retrospective study was performed. During the period 1978-1988, 108 patients underwent an intentional curative resection fo the pancreas. In 34 patients locoregional recurrence occurred, all within a period of three years (cumulative recurrence rate 56%). Sixty-eight percent of the patients presented with upper abdominal pain, and 62% with weight loss. Survival was significantly better (p = 0.02) in the group of 18 patients without distant metastases (1-year survival 22%) than in the 16 patients with distant metastases (1-year survival 0%). Five patients without proven distant metastases were treated by resection or chemotherapy. The mean survival was 33 months (range 6-74) in the treated group, and 4 months (0.4-7 months) in the untreated group, p = 0.002. In this retrospective study the longest survival was seen after radical resection of locoregional tumor recurrence. We therefore recommend that patients with locoregional recurrence without distant metastases after intentional curative resection of pancreatic cancer be treated.
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PMID:Treatment of locoregional recurrence after intentional curative resection of pancreatic cancer. 145 25

A 51-year-old females patient is reported in whom during pancreatic cancer massive oligosymptomatic and rapidly progressing breakdown of the pulmonary tissue of both apices of the lungs appeared. The cause was the presence of very numerous minute metastases of pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:[Neoplastic cavities of the lungs in cancer of the pancreas]. 148 33

Peritoneal effusion recurrence is one of the most important problem in the palliative management of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies and ovarian cancer. Ten patients with recurrent malignant ascites (three with ovarian cancer, two with pancreas cancer, two with gastric adenocarcinoma and one affected by colon cancer, one patient with peritoneal carcinomatosis, one subject with pleural mesothelioma surgically treated that after three years showed a peritoneal metastases and ascites), were treated with intraperitoneal beta interferon. In all patients a Tenckoff's catheter for peritoneal dialysis was introduced and peritoneal effusion extracted and measured. Three millions of beta interferon in saline solution was infused in peritoneal cavity every three days for nine days. Successively twenty millions every three days for nine days. In the 50% of patients a significant reduction of peritoneal effusion was observed. The locoregional therapy with beta interferon is proposed in palliative management of malignant ascites.
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PMID:[The locoregional treatment of neoplastic ascites with interferon-beta]. 150 25

A cell line with high metastatic capacity to the liver was established by sequential passages of a human pancreatic cancer cell line through the nude mouse liver. A subline, L3.5, established after five passages of the fast-growing variant (FG) of the human pancreatic cancer COLO 357 through the nude mouse liver produced extensive hepatic metastases in 100% of experimental animals when injected into the spleen. The incidence of pulmonary metastases decreased from 43% for FG to 9% for L3.5. The L3.5 cell line showed aggressive growth with almost complete replacement of the hepatic parenchyma in one third of the mean time required for the development of macroscopic metastases of FG in the liver after splenic injections of tumor cells. This study indicates that the nude mouse provides a good model for in vivo selection of metastatic cells from human pancreatic cancer. The L3.5 cell line will be valuable in the study of human pancreatic cancer metastasis, particularly in the area of survival and growth of metastatic cells in the microenvironment of the liver.
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PMID:In vivo selection of a highly metastatic cell line from a human pancreatic carcinoma in the nude mouse. 154 14

The dynamic incremental bolus technique and modifications in slice thickness can be used to tailor current computed tomographic (CT) technology to evaluate the extent of pancreatic cancer. Contrast material administered intravenously allows visualization of small lesions, an assessment of vascular invasion versus patency, and maximal conspicuity and detectability of hepatic metastases. CT findings in 104 cases of pancreatic cancer studied during 1979-1982 (group A) were compared with findings in 107 cases of pancreatic cancer studied during 1984-1987 (group B). Masses in the body and tail of the pancreas were recognized in 96% (n = 103) of cases in group B and 89% (n = 93) in group A. Masses in the head of the gland were detectable in 94% (n = 101) of cases in group B and 76% (n = 79) of cases in group A. Hypoattenuating tumors were detectable in 78% (n = 83) of cases in group B, as opposed to 24% (n = 25) in group A. CT is the primary diagnostic technique in the evaluation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: designing the examination to evaluate the clinical questions. 156 24

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most intractable and least understood of all human cancers. Pancreatic cancers is the fourth-leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States with less than 2% of the patients surviving for 5 yr. In an effort to help develop more effective treatment modalities for pancreatic cancer and improve detection, we report an animal model for individual human pancreatic-cancer patients. The model involves orthotopic transplantation of histologically intact pancreatic-cancer specimens to the nude-mouse pancreas, which can result in models that resemble the clinical picture including (i) extensive local tumor growth, (ii) extension of the locally growing human pancreatic cancer to the nude-mouse stomach and duodenum, (iii) metastases of the human pancreatic tumor to the nude-mouse liver and regional lymph nodes, and (iv) distant metastases of the human pancreatic tumor to the nude-mouse adrenal gland, diaphragm, and mediastinal lymph nodes. In a series of five patient cases, a 100% take rate has been demonstrated, and of 17 mice transplanted, 15 supported tumor growth. Immunohistochemical analysis of the antigenic phenotype of the transplanted human pancreatic tumors showed a similar pattern of expression of two different human tumor-associated antigens, such as tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 and carcinoembryonic antigen in the transplanted tumors when compared with the original surgical biopsy, suggesting similarity between the two. This model should, therefore, prove valuable for treatment evaluation of individual cancer patients, as well as for evaluation of experimental treatment modalities for this disease.
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PMID:A metastatic nude-mouse model of human pancreatic cancer constructed orthotopically with histologically intact patient specimens. 160 75

A study was made on the prognosis of 26 tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma surgery cases reported in Japan between January 1978 and January 1984. The study was based on a questionnaire sent to doctors who reported prognosis as of May 1991. Twelve cases out of the 26 cases underwent postoperative irradiation. Seven out of the 12 cases survived 9 to 13 years after surgery without any recurrence. Two out of the 12 cases survived 8 and 10 years after surgery with multiple pulmonary metastases. Three out of the 12 cases died of a local recurrence 3, 3 and 9 years after surgery. Four cases received irradiation after a local recurrence was revealed postoperatively. Three out of the 4 cases survived 9, 10 and 11 years after surgery, but 1 out of the cases died 6 years after surgery. Four cases received no irradiation not only after surgery but also after detection of a local recurrence. All of them died within 9 years after surgery. There were six cases who underwent no postoperative irradiation and showed no local recurrence. One out of the 6 cases died of pancreas cancer 7 years after surgery, but the other cases survived 8 to 11 years after surgery without any recurrence. A study was also made on the prognosis of 9 cases with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea who underwent surgery at Keio University and Tokai University until April 1982 (4 cases overlap with the above-mentioned cases). Six out of 9 cases received postoperative irradiation. Four cases survived 9 to 12 years after surgery without any recurrence.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Long-term prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea]. 166 93

Brain and skull metastases from primary hepatic or pancreatic cancer are very rare. The authors describe six cases of metastatic tumors. These are skull (three cases) and brain (one) metastasis of hepatic cancer and brain metastasis (two) of pancreatic cancer. In three hepatic cancer patients, the metastatic lesions were diagnosed before the diagnosis of primary cancer. In these patients, plain skull x-ray showed osteolytic lesions and vascular enlargement. A postcontrast computed tomographic (CT) scan showed an enhanced high-density epidural mass. Angiograms showed a tumor stain fed by abnormal vessels from the external carotid artery. In one patient with a metastatic brain tumor from hepatic cancer, a CT scan showed a high-density mass with hematoma. In one of the brain metastases from pancreatic cancer, a CT scan revealed a cystic, ring-like enhanced lesion in the thalamus. In the other case, a CT scan showed an isodensity mass in the vermis and hydrocephalus. Metastatic tumors from primary hepatic cancer were soft and hemorrhagic, but they were clearly demarcated from the surrounding tissue. In the case of thalamic metastasis, the cyst content was aspirated and an anticancer agent was administered into the cystic cavity. In the other cases, the tumors were totally removed. The outcome was very poor in all cases.
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PMID:Brain and skull metastases of hepatic or pancreatic cancer--report of six cases. 170 58

In the last two decades, we have witnessed revolutionary advances in pancreatic imaging as well as increased availability of megavoltage radiotherapy equipment and sophisticated radiotherapy planning devices. Several advances in the radiotherapy of pancreatic cancer have been made for the patient with resectable disease. Postoperative radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy confers a survival advantage after 'curative' resection. Preoperative and intraoperative intraoperative radiotherapy may do the same, but this requires further evaluation. Preoperative irradiation may improve the resectability rate, but the clinical data are still very limited. For locally unresectable disease, PHD radiotherapy with adjuvant 5-FU should now be the standard treatment in suitable cases with a median survival time of about one year. High LET radiation beams have failed to produce improved survival in two prospective randomized studies. Intraoperative radiotherapy is an effective means of pain control and enhances control of local disease, but has not been shown to improve survival rate significantly. Interstitial radiotherapy also improves local control, but it is associated with a high mortality rate and an even higher major complication rate. Wide-area radiation therapy and preoperative radiotherapy both seem to show promise in this group of patients. Patients with metastatic disease should be treated palliatively on an individual basis.
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PMID:Radiotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. 170 32


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