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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The concentration of a new tumor marker CA-19-9 was determined in the blood serum of 51 patients with different diseases and in 38 healthy persons. In 95% of the examined persons, the concentration of CA-19-9 in the blood serum did not exceed 15 Units/ml in health. In the patients with benign focal and diffuse liver diseases and in the patients with rectal cancer without metastases to the liver, the level and frequency of the elevated CA-19-9 content in the blood serum did not practically differ from those in health. In primary and metastatic liver cancer, the CA-19-9 content was considerably elevated in all the patients. The combination of the CA-19-9 and CEA tests did not add to the efficacy of differential diagnosis between benign and malignant liver lesions.
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PMID:[Carbohydrate antigen (CA-19-9) in the blood serum of patients with benign and malignant liver diseases]. 385 23

A 10% increased risk of developing a second cancer was observed among approximately 36,000 persons reported to the Danish Cancer Registry with a cancer of the respiratory system during 1943-80. This estimate is markedly influenced by a striking tendency by physicians not to report or the Cancer Registry not to accept a report of a second lung cancer following a primary lung cancer (14 observed vs. 99 expected). A significant 30% excess of all second cancer was seen after laryngeal cancer (368 vs. 282), whereas the 22% excess following cancer of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses did not quite reach the level of statistical significance (95% CI = 0.9-1.6). For cancers of the lung and larynx, second cancers arose mainly in the buccal cavity, bladder, kidney (after lung cancer only) and lung (after laryngeal cancer only). These second cancers may be due to common carcinogenic factors, most likely tobacco. Elevated risks of second cancers of the breast, cervix uteri, and other female genital organs were found consistently. Radiotherapy may have contributed to the increased risk of breast cancer, but the excess risk of cancer of the female genital organs other than the cervix was unexpected. Although not significant, the risk of esophageal cancer following cancer of the larynx was below expectation (1 vs. 4.1), which was surprising because alcohol consumption and smoking are thought to be common risk factors for these 2 sites. Significant excesses of pancreatic cancer were observed following cancers of the lung, larynx, and nasal cavities, which might be due to more careful medical surveillance of these patients or to common risk factors such as cigarette smoking. Finally, the risk of a patient developing liver cancer after lung cancer was significantly elevated (22 vs. 11.6). This increase is unlikely to be due to misdiagnosed metastases from the lung, inasmuch as the risk was generally elevated throughout the observation period.
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PMID:Second cancer following cancer of the respiratory system in Denmark, 1943-80. 408 5

The results of using a standard combination of cytotoxic agents in 27 cases of secondary liver cancer are reported. A brief review of the methods available for treating hepatic metastases from solid tumours, as opposed to lymphomata, is included. The response rate depends on the site of the primary lesion. It is suggested that in patients with mammary or colorectal primary tumours, combination chemotherapy represents an advance in treatment with an objective response rate of 73% and 66% respectively in the 2 groups. The method requires no specialized equipment as neither grossly deranged liver enzymes nor jaundice are contra-indications to treatment, and toxicity is easily monitored and readily controlled.
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PMID:Results of 27 cases with hepatic metastases treated by combination chemotherapy. 464 97

The Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan statistically analyzed 2396 cases of primary liver cancer diagnosed from January 1, 1978 to December 31, 1979 in over 500 hospitals throughout the country. They comprised 1047 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 93 of cholangiocarcinoma, 9 of mixed carcinoma, 16 of hepatoblastoma, and 33 others. In 1198 cases (50%) a histologic diagnosis was available. The survey and analysis, based mostly on the histologically proven cases, describe the gross anatomic and histologic features of the tumors, grade of anaplasia and growth patterns of the tumor cells, pathology in noncancerous portions of the liver, distant metastases, past medical history, frequency of hepatitis in the past history, frequency of positive HBsAg and anti-HBs, age distribution, subjective symptoms, radiographic features (angiogram, scintiscan, computed tomography), ultrasonography, surgical procedures, extent of hepatic resection, and survival.
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PMID:Primary liver cancer in Japan. The Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan. 608 97

Statistical analyses have been made by the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan of 4031 cases of primary liver cancers diagnosed at 155 institutes during the period of Jan. 1, 1968-Dec. 31, 1977, based on the questionnaire in the form of individual file. They comprised 2411 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 268 of cholangiocellular carcinoma, 58 of the mixed type, 69 of hepatoblastoma, 23 of others, and 1202 cases with only clinical diagnosis. The survey and analyses mostly based on the histology-proven cases included gross anatomical and histological features of tumors, grades of anaplasia and growth patterns of tumor cells, pathology of noncancerous liver portion, frequency of accompanying cirrhosis or fibrosis, distant metastases, past history, frequency of hepatitis in the past history, frequency of positive HBsAg and anti-HBs, familial clustering of positive HBsAg tests, age distribution, subjective symptoms, objective signs, serum alpha-fetoprotein, celiac angiography findings, number of operations performed, kinds of surgical approaches made, extents of hepatic resection, prognosis in terms of survival in relation to various surgical treatments, chemotherapeutic agents used and routes of administration, prognosis as related to the accompanying parenchymal liver disease, and overall survival.
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PMID:Primary liver cancers in Japan. 615 97

Benign liver tumors are relatively uncommon and, even when large enough to be symptomatic, they usually remain undiagnosed prior to exploratory laparotomy. Hemangiomas constitute the majority of benign hepatic neoplasms and are 9 times as frequent in females as in males. Most are asymptomatic but abdominal swelling, a mass, or symptoms due to compression of adjacent organs may occur and abdominal hemorrhage is reported in 4.5% of patients. Hepatic hemangioma may produce a large arteriovenous communication serious enough to cause heart failure. Recently an increased frequency of liver tumors, mostly adenomas, has been noted in women taking oral contraceptives (OCs); the cause has been attributed to estrogens. The exact incidence is unknown but believed to be low. It is most common in women in their late 20s who have been on OCs for 7 years or more. The tumor occasionally completely regresses on withdrawal of the OCs. The tumor may be discovered incidentally at laparotomy or may manifest inself by pain, a palpable mass, or catastrophic hemoperitoneum. Hepatic adenoma is usually a solitary lesion and infrequently degenerates into malignancy. Differential diagnosis includes chronic gall bladder disease and peptic ulcer. Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is apparently much less frequently related to OC use and is less likely to bleed seriously than adenoma. Hepatic chemistry is usually normal in adenoma and FNH, but slight increases in serum bilirubin, serum alkaline phosphatase, and serum transaminase may occur. Primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma or hepatoma) is mostly a disease of males and in the US and Western Europe seldom develops before age 40. Fibrolamellar carcinoma, which characteristically develops in adolescents and young adults, occurs with equal sex incidence. Doubt has been expressed about its relationship to OCs. In the US about 75% of primary hepatocellular carcinomas are associated with cirrhosis, and about 5% of cirrhosis cases develop primary liver cancer. Clinical manifestations of hepatoma have been divided into 5 groups: frank cancer (62.7%), acute abdominal cancer (8%), febrile cancer (8%), occult cancer (16%), and metastatic cancer (5%). Detection of large amounts of alpha fetoprotein has proven useful in diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, but values may be negative in OC users. It has been estimated that 1/3 to 1/2 of all malignant tumors eventually metastasize to the liver.
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PMID:Hepatic neoplasia: selected clinical aspects. 619 95

From the about 3000 laparoscopies effected in our Department, 276 liver tumors (9.2%) were detected. Of these, 47 (17%) were primary adenocarcinomata (28), or adenocarcinomata grafted on cirrhosis (19). The large majority (195 cases: 70.6%) consisted of metastases of digestive (gastric, large intestine, pancreatic) or extradigestive (breast, ocular, genital) tumors. In 34 cases the tumor formations where represented by hydatic cysts, abscesses and hemangiomata (3 cases). The decisive contribution of peritonescopy to the diagnosis of the primary or the metastatic liver cancer as well as of other liver tumors is obvious.
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PMID:Laparoscopic contribution to liver tumour diagnosis. 623 98

Forty-three patients with metastatic liver cancer were treated with multiple chemotherapy by the intra-arterial route. Metastases originated from primary cancer of the breast (16) or colon (10), melanoma (7) and miscellaneous tumours (10). In 35 patients chemotherapy was administered by selective catheterization of the hepatic artery via the axillary artery; it usually (31 cases) consisted of doxorubicin (60 mg/m2) and mitomycin (10 mg/m2) injections, and continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil (1 g/24 or 72 hours). In 14 patients (10 responders to the above method and 4 new cases), a catheter with subcutaneous chamber was implanted surgically so that chemotherapy could be continued through the chamber. Blood toxicity was usually moderate. The main complication of injections through the catheter (114) or through the chamber (60) was thrombosis. However, except for 1 lethal cerebral thrombosis, the others (axillary artery 3, hepatic artery 5) were unattended by functional symptoms. Transient biochemical signs of hepatic cytolysis were frequent after each course. Hepatic insufficiency was severely aggravated in 2 cases. Painful digestive disorders were relieved by symptomatic treatments. Four complete responses, 16 partial responses, 8 stabilizations and 10 failures were observed; 5 patients died soon after one single course of intra-arterial therapy. The high response rates (greater than 50%) in metastases from cancer of the breast and colon, and chiefly the 3 complete responses obtained in patients with mammary carcinoma were most encouraging, bearing in mind that one of these 3 patients had not responded to intravenous chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Hepatic metastases. Value of chemotherapy by the intra-arterial route]. 624 33

Since 1973 there have been more than 20 reported cases of malignant and about 200 cases of benign hepatic adenomas associated with oral contraception (OC). This article reports on the case of a 45 year old woman on OC from 1967 to 1971. In 1979 she was admitted to the hospital in the 36th week of her 9th pregnancy for nausea, vomiting, and pain. Cesarean section delivered her of a healthy baby girl, and celiotomy exposed an enlarged liver with several tumors. Resection was not possible and the woman died after 3 days. Necropsy showed numerous tumors and metastases and primary hepatic carcinoma. Even though 8 years had elapsed between OC termination and the onset of cancer, the connection between exposure to OC and liver cancer must be suspected. The time lag might be attributed to delayed development of the neoplasm rather than to its slow growth.
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PMID:A case of hepatoma in pregnancy associated with earlier oral contraception. 627 30

268 patients with primary liver cancer have been autopsied: 81% had hepatomas, 14% cholangiocellular carcinomas, 5% mixed carcinomas (hepatocholangiocellular) and 1% had mixed tumors (hepatoma and angiosarcoma). In contrast to cholangiomas, hepatomas were found more often in males than in females. The age peak of primary liver cancer was between 61 and 70 years. 79% of hepatomas developed in a cirrhotic liver, 71% of cholangiomas were without cirrhosis of the liver. Metastases were found in 66-67% of hepatomas and cholangiocellular carcinomas, especially in blood vessels, lymph nodes, lungs and within the liver.
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PMID:[Primary liver carcinoma. Results of 268 autopsies]. 628 44


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