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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a prospective study, an attempt was made to determine the specificity of various imaging methods for defining tumours of the liver rather than their ability to demonstrate them. It was based on 130 patients with histologically confirmed lesions (33 haemangiomas, 17 FNH, 4 hepatocellular adenomas, 28 HCC, 36 adenocarcinoma metastases). The methods were MRT (130 cases), sonography (119), CT (122), dynamic arterial angio-CT (15), 99TC-EHIDA or blood pool scintigraphy (4 FNH, haemangiomas, HCC, 44 cases). MRT showed somewhat better results (accuracy 80%) than CT (73%) and angio-CT (73%) in demonstrating the type of lesion. The results of scintigraphy (53%) and sonography (69%) were rather worse. The range of accuracy for MRT, CT and sonography varied from 94% (haemangiomas with MRT) to 47% (FNH with sonography).
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PMID:[The accuracy of the imaging procedures (sonography, MRT, CT, angio-CT,nuclear medicine) in characterizing liver tumors]. 185 Jan 56

Surgical therapy offers the only chance for long-term cure of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The role of partial and total hepatectomy with subsequent liver replacement was analyzed in a consecutive series of 198 patients. It was the aim of this study to compare both treatment modalities on the basis of various clinicopathological prognostic factors including the TNM system of pathological classification. One hundred thirty-one resections and 61 transplantations were performed for the following histological diagnoses: hepatocellular carcinoma without coexisting liver disease (86) or associated with various hepatic abnormalities (79), fibrolamellar carcinoma (19), and mixed hepatocholangiocellular carcinoma (8). Overall actuarial survival rates at 5 years were 35.8% following resection and 15.2% after transplantation, respectively. For partial hepatectomy, factors significantly associated with improved long-term outcome were: age 30-50 years, hepatocellular carcinoma without coexisting liver disease, fibrolamellar carcinoma, solitary tumor, unilobar location, absence of vascular invasion, portal vein thrombosis or extrahepatic spread, primary tumor categories pT 2/3, stage groups II/III, and curative operation (R0). Regarding total hepatectomy, the corresponding figures were: pT2, absence of portal vein thrombosis or extrahepatic spread (negative regional lymph nodes, no distant metastases), stage group II, and curative surgery. It could be clearly shown by uni- and multivariate analyses that the pTNM classification is of clinical value regarding the assessment of prognostic significance after resection and transplantation. A group of 13 patients had secondary resection (8) or transplantation (6) for intrahepatic tumor recurrence. Whereas in all resected patients cancer recurred again, 5 of 6 transplant recipients are alive and disease-free at 12-40 months. The results of this study demonstrate that liver resection is the treatment of choice for primary liver cancer while transplantation may be indicated, especially in cases of nonresectable or recurrent lesions. Thus, the therapeutic spectrum for hepatocellular carcinoma should include both partial and total hepatectomy, being integrated into one common concept.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: experience with liver resection and transplantation in 198 patients. 185 88

Ten patients with advanced liver cancer, primary in 5 and metastatic in the other 5, were treated with lymphokine-activated killer cells, autologous (aLAK) and/or homologous (hLAK) combined with human natural IL-2. Each course of treatment lasted 10 days. For aLAK/IL-2 treatment, white cells were collected from the patients to be treated by a cell separator on Day 4 and after 3-day culture of the mononuclear cells in vitro in the presence of IL-2 (500 units/ml), the aLAK cells (1-2 x 10(9)) were transferred back to the patient on Day 7 via the hepatic artery by selective catheterization. IL-2 (20-30 x 10(4) units) was given i.v. daily on Days 1, 2, 8, 9 and 10. For hLAK/IL-2 treatment LAK cells from healthy donors (0.5-1 x 10(9)) were administered i.v. on Days 1, 4, and 7 and IL-2 (20-30 x 10(4) units) i.v. daily on Days 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10. Patients with primary liver cancer were all treated with aLAL/IL-2, followed by hLAK/IL-2 in 3. Patients with metastatic cancer in the liver were either treated with hLAK/IL-2 alone or in combination with aLAK/IL-2. The results of the treatment as monitored by B ultrasonography, CT scan and digital selective angiography are as follows: CR in 2 (with metastatic liver cancer), PR in 4 (3 with primary and 1 with metastatic liver cancer), MR in 2 and no response in 2. On follow-up, 7 patients survived greater than 6 months and 1 (a complete responder) for greater than 12 months. Side effects were mild with transient fever up to 38.5 degrees C and general malaise.
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PMID:[Treatment of advanced liver cancer by autologous and/or homologous LAK cells combined with human natural LL-2]. 187 94

The effects of intra-arterial infusion of degradable starch microsphere (DSM) on hepatic hemodynamics were studied in 22 patients with metastatic liver cancer and the clinical outcome with mitomycin C (MMC) combined with DSM was reported herein. Hepatic arterial blood flow, measured with a transit-time ultrasonic blood flow meter, changed 283 +/- 27 ml/min to 40 +/- 36 ml/min by an hepatic arterial infusion of DSM and, a mean occlusion time aS 24 +/- 11 min. Combined infusion with DSM and MMC reduced MMC levels in the peripheral blood at 0.0248 less than p less than 0.0421, compared with those by an infusion with MMC alone and consequently, these findings proved to result from intrahepatic accumulation of MMC. RI-angiography using 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) was performed to examine hemodynamic changes in the metastatic liver and, a tumor (T) to non-tumor (N) ratio of 99mTc-MAA accumulation increased 0.37 to 0.62 by combined use of DSM. Thus, an intra-arterial infusion combined DSM and MCC was performed for 22 patients with unresectable hepatic metastases. Tumor regression was observed in 16 patients (73%). Side effects possibly attributable to DSM was transient nausea and vomiting. These results show that combined use of DSM is effective for intra-arterial chemotherapy against metastatic hepatic cancer.
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PMID:[Targeting cancer chemotherapy for metastatic liver cancer--effects of DSM on hepatic hemodynamics and on clinical outcome]. 190 32

In order to improve therapeutic efficacy for metastatic liver cancer, intermittent transarterial administration of BRM in combination with anticancer drugs was performed by use of reservoir apparatus. A total of 22 patients (12 cases of gastric cancer, 6 of colon cancer, 2 of pancreas cancer, 1 of gall bladder cancer and 1 of biliary tract carcinoid) were treated according to the following schedule: both 10 mg of ADM (or MMC) and 0.5 KE (or 1.0 KE) of OK-432 were administered on day 1 and 40 x 10(4) JRU of recombinant interleukin 2 (r-IL 2) on day 4, 7 and 11. The treatment was repeated as many times as possible. In terms of direct antitumor effect and decrease of tumor marker, the response rate was 43% (6 cases out of 14) and 75% (9 cases out of 12), respectively. As for performance status, improvement, no change and deterioration were seen in 4 cases, 8 cases and 3 cases, respectively. Even though 13 patients died, 8 of them survived more than 300 days. In the case of gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis, 50% survival time of 12 cases was 334 days, while that of 30 cases, who were administered anticancer drugs only systemically, was 144 days. In 3 cases the decrease in the size of tumors located in both liver and the other metastases also was seen. Every case developed high grade fever, but an antifebrile was effective. Otherwise severe side effects were not seen. These results indicated that intermittent arterial infusion immunochemotherapy was feasible for the treatment of metastatic liver cancer.
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PMID:[Therapeutic effect of transarterial infusion immunochemotherapy for metastatic liver cancer]. 190 65

50 Patients with 78 focal liver lesions were examined via colour-coded Doppler system to study the vascularity of metastatic lesions and primary benign and malignant liver tumours. According to the amount of detectable colour Doppler signals, tumour vascularity was graded into 4 types. Metastases (n = 40) and cavernous haemangiomas (n = 12) seemed to be avascular with no evidence of increased vascularity (Type I/II). Conversely primary liver cancer (PLCA) (n = 7) and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) (n = 16) mainly produced arterial Doppler signals within the tumour (Type III/IV). AV shunts and partial portal vein thrombosis could be demonstrated in PLCA. Doppler colour flow imaging for detection of tumour vascularity may thus add to the specificity of ultrasonic tumour diagnosis.
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PMID:[Color-coded Doppler sonography of primary and secondary liver tumors]. 196 59

In a prospective study, 38 consecutive cases of primary liver cell carcinoma were seen over one year (1988) at the liver unit of the University College Hospital, Nigeria. An analysis of the chest X-ray findings was made. Normal chest X-rays were found in 23.7% of cases. Abnormal findings included elevated diaphragm (63.2%), pulmonary metastases (18.4%), and pleural effusion (18.4%), perhaps the highest ever so reported. It may be concluded that, in a middle-aged man with a hard irregular hepatomegaly, the findings of the triad of elevated diaphragm, pulmonary metastasis and pleural effusion on chest X-ray should make one very suspicious of liver cancer. The differential diagnoses of these radiological findings are briefly discussed.
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PMID:The chest radiograph in primary liver cell carcinoma. 196 10

Experiments were done to determine the effect of interleukin-1-beta (IL-1 beta) on metastasis formation in different tumor systems. Intravenous administration of 1 microgram of human recombinant IL-1 beta given 1 hour before tumor cell injection augmented lung colony formation (experimental metastases) by the human A375 melanoma variants, the human HT-29M colon carcinoma, the SN12-K1 renal carcinoma in nude mice, the murine B16 melanoma variants, and the murine UV-2237M fibrosarcoma in syngeneic recipients. The same treatment did not induce lung colony formation by a human rectal carcinoma (HCC-P2988) or by a murine reticulum cell sarcoma (M5076), both of which are not metastatic to the lung. Spontaneous metastases were studied in C57BL/6 mice bearing the B16-BL6 melanoma (metastatic to the lung) in their footpad and the M5076 reticulum cell sarcoma (metastatic to the liver) subcutaneously. Daily intraperitoneal treatment with 1 microgram of IL-1 beta increased lung and liver metastases. These findings indicate that treatment of mice with IL-1 beta can increase the number of artificial or spontaneous metastases and that this effect is not limited to a single tumor type or to a specific organ.
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PMID:Effect of interleukin-1-beta on metastasis formation in different tumor systems. 198 86

For the purpose of assessing the anti-tumor effect of UFT in metastatic liver cancer, blood futraful (FT), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and uracil levels and their distribution in tissue (cancer lesion, etc.) following oral UFT administration were examined in 10 surgically treated cases of metastatic liver cancer secondary to cancer of the large intestine and 4 cases of metastatic liver cancer secondary to stomach cancer. Liver tissue 5-FU distribution following UFT treatment was excellent. 5-FU concentration in liver cancer lesion was 0.164 +/- 0.128 micrograms/g, which was markedly higher than the minimal effective tissue concentration for 5-FU (0.050 micrograms/g). 5-FU level in normal tissue of the organ with primary cancer was significantly lower than that in the tumor-affected tissue of the same organ, while no difference in 5-FU level was noted between cancer-affected and normal tissues of the liver. Tissue 5-FU level in both primary and metastatic cancer lesions was significantly higher than the simultaneously determined blood 5-FU level. Histological findings of cancer-affected liver did not differ between different UFT dose levels, but degeneration of cancer cells was severe in some cases given high doses of UFT.
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PMID:[Tissue UFT distribution and histological changes following UFT administration in metastatic liver cancer cases]. 211 28

With the increasing availability of curative surgical techniques for primary and secondary hepatic neoplasms, the tasks for clinical imaging of patients suspected of having liver cancer have become more exacting. Detection of tumor, differential diagnosis of individual nodules, and mapping the anatomic extensions of malignant disease are now required routinely. Related and unrelated liver substrate abnormalities such as cavernous hemangioma and focal fatty deposits are often discovered in these patients and must be differentiated from metastatic deposits. Moreover, modern imaging methods frequently display tiny nodules (less than 1 cm) that often prove difficult to adequately characterize (micrometastases vs other kinds of lesions). The most sensitive imaging techniques are CT after arterial portography and intraoperative sonography, but because of their invasiveness, these are reserved exclusively for cancer staging. For primary screening, MR imaging is increasingly preferred over CT because of its superiority in discriminating hemangiomas and cysts from metastases without the need for iodinated contrast material.
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PMID:Liver tumor imaging: current concepts. 184 88


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