Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Concentrations of neopterin, a sensitive indicator for the activation of cellular immunity, were measured in urine samples of 44 patients with adenocarcinoma of the colon at diagnosis. To judge the relative predictive value of neopterin concentrations, other routine clinical and laboratory variables were concomitantly determined. The patients were then followed up to 10 yr, and the abilities of all variables to predict death from cancer were assessed. Neopterin concentrations were not correlated with either tumor stage or Dukes' stage. In univariate analyses using the product-limit approach, four variables were significant indicators of poor prognosis: presence of distant metastases (P = 0.0001); high Dukes' stage (P = 0.0009); high urinary neopterin concentration (P = 0.0034); and advanced stage (P = 0.030). Presence versus absence of lymph node metastases was not associated with prognosis. Multivariate survival analyses by the proportional hazards technique demonstrated that neopterin provided statistically independent predictive information in addition to either presence versus absence of distant metastases or Dukes' stage. When neopterin and tumor stage were investigated for joint prediction, stage failed to be included in the model. Thus, neopterin concentrations provide valuable and statistically independent prognostic information in patients with adenocarcinoma of the colon.
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PMID:Neopterin and prognosis in patients with adenocarcinoma of the colon. 841 18

A case of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the colon is reported. The histological examination of both the surgical specimen and of the metastases at necropsy showed columnar or polygonal cells with vesicular nuclei. The cytoplasm was usually clear with multiple, often empty looking vacuoles. From a panel of histochemical and immunohistochemical reactions, carcinoembryonic antigen and tissue polypeptide antigen showed strong positivity. The histochemical and immunohistochemical differential diagnosis with another common clear cell tumour, namely clear cell renal adenocarcinoma, is discussed.
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PMID:Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the colon. 856 5

This is a review article covering the development of monoclonal antibodies attached to a radioactive isotope which are used in scanning for metastatic adenocarcinoma of the colon. The most recent and complete study described 223 patients, of which 169 were evaluated. All patients required an operation. At operation, biopsies were taken of the resected tumor. Some false negative areas, such as dilated varicosities and inflammatory areas, were encountered. The latter can be seen as a chronic inflammatory process such as a leaking anastomosis with a diverticulum or old traumas in the pelvis. This technique allows a physician to follow patients, especially those who have had an abdominal perineal or exoneration of their pelvic organs, for possible recurrence in this area. There is also some discussion about possible future uses in the treatment of the metastatic disease.
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PMID:Use of monoclonal antibodies in colorectal cancer: a review. 866 24

The performance of five features of ultrasonic tissue characterization (UTC) of metastases in vivo in liver was investigated. We acquired serial radiofrequency data sets of 12 patients with metastases in the liver from adenocarcinoma of the colon. Parenchyma and metastases UTC features were estimated in semiautomatically segmented regions. Over 200 metastases were measured in patients and 43 dummy metastases in healthy volunteers. Two attenuation features could be estimated in only 15% of the metastases, and these were not different from those in parenchyma. The texture features signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) could not discriminate real from dummy metastases. Average backscatter intensity, b0, is an established discriminative echographic image feature. However, the metastases that were hypoechoic relative to surrounding parenchyma appeared to be isoechoic relative to normal liver parenchyma. They were visible because of an increased b0 in the surrounding liver parenchyma. Finally, we found an increased backscatter coefficient slope vs. frequency in hypoechoic metastases that may predict a deterioration of lesion contrast at higher transducer frequencies. We conclude that the backscatter coefficient slope can improve detection of metastases, and that b0 measured relative to normal liver parenchyma should be used to correctly correlate metastasis echography with histology.
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PMID:Quantitative ultrasonic analysis of liver metastases. 948 73

Metastases to the female breast are rare and those to the male breast are even rarer. Differentiating primary from metastatic breast carcinoma is important for rational therapy and avoidance of unnecessary radical surgery. Data on five women and two men with metastases to the breast are presented here. The primary tumours in these seven cases were as follows: three bronchogenic carcinoma and one each from papillary adenocarcinoma of the ovary, adenocarcinoma of the colon, squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity and squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. In both men (who had primary lung carcinoma), mammograms showed dense glandular tissue occupying nearly the entire breast. All five women had multiple nodules. Two of these cases were unilateral and three were bilateral. The metastatic nodules were round, with slightly irregular or ill-defined margins and calcification in the single case from metastatic papillary adenocarcinoma of the ovary. Ultrasonograms demonstrated well-circumscribed low-echoic masses in all cases. In a patient with known extramammary malignancy and a breast mass, mammograms and ultrasonograms should be undertaken to exclude a primary breast carcinoma and for proper management.
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PMID:Metastatic carcinoma to the male and female breast. 950 97

Colorectal cancer is the third most frequent malignancy in adults of both sexes in this country, with 90 per cent of patients diagnosed after age 50 years. This disease is unusual in patients under 40 years of age, and controversy persists as to prognosis in this subset of patients. Patients diagnosed with invasive adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum from 1985 to 1997 were identified. They were then grouped according to age (< 40 or > or = 40). Charts were reviewed with respect to patient epidemiologic characteristics, clinical presentation, tumor staging, and survival. Twelve women and 24 men less than 40 years of age (median, 31 years/range, 13-39 years) were diagnosed with colorectal adenocarcinomas. This represented 8.6 per cent of the total patients diagnosed with colorectal cancers during this time. Thirty-five (97%) had symptoms (pain, blood per rectum, weight loss, or alteration in bowel habits) before diagnosis, and 23 (64%) had multiple symptoms. Younger patients had more poorly differentiated tumors (28%) and more mucinous adenocarcinomas (26%) than the older group. Younger patients were more likely to present with stage III or IV disease (78%) as well. Despite these findings, the median survival for younger patients was no different than the older patients when compared by stage. Colorectal cancer in young adults is rare, but should be considered in the differential diagnosis for all patients with gastrointestinal symptomatology. The presentation of these patients is not unlike that of older patients. Those patients with early-stage disease should be treated aggressively, as long-term survival may be anticipated, whereas the outcome for those with metastatic disease is poor.
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PMID:Colorectal cancer in patients under forty: presentation and outcome. 961 79

Liver and lymph nodes metastasis are the main causes of treatment failure for advanced colon cancer. However, currently-available animal models of human colon cancer do not demonstrate sufficient metastasis to represent highly malignant colon cancer that extensively metastasizes to these sites. A liver metastasis from a patient with highly malignant, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the colon was established in nude mice by surgical orthotopic implantation to the mouse colon. The human origin of the tumor growing in nude mice was confirmed by in situ hybridization of human DNA. After 20 passages from the first implantation, massive liver and lymph nodes metastasis, occurred in 100% of the transplanted animals. Lymph nodes metastasis were found at the sites of lymph node drainage of the liver: celiac, portal and mediastinal lymph nodes. However no mesenteric and retroperitoneal nodes or lung tissue metastases were observed. Our data suggest that the mediastinal, celiac and hepatic lymph nodes metastases are derived form the liver metastasis, confirming the concept of metastasis of metastases or "remetastasis" of colon cancer.
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PMID:A nude mouse model of massive liver and lymph node metastasis of human colon cancer. 1081 Mar 45

In 1991, a 67 year old patient, suffering from an adenocarcinoma of the colon, had to undergo hemicolectomy. In the five following years, isolated metastases developed in the liver and have been surgically removed. In 1997, acute mononeuritis multiplex appeared and nerve biopsy revealed vasculitis. There were no signs of inflammatory rheumatic illness, collagenosis, cryglobulinemia, infection or hypersensitivity to medication. We have therefore postulated a relation between the vasculitis and the malignancy. Tumorous relapse could however not be detected at that time. Under immunosuppressive therapy, the neurological deficiencies receded partially, though the carcinoma of the colon reappeared with systemic metastases in the wake of the vasculitis. Diagnostic measures and the relationship between malignancy and vasculitis are discussed.
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PMID:[Vasculitis and mononeuritis multiplex]. 1082 16

Up until only a few decades ago synchronous renal cell carcinoma associated with primary tumors of other organs was diagnosed almost exclusively in necropsy series. Recently the widespread use of ultrasonography and CT has permitted diagnosis of clinically silent renal cell carcinoma in patients undergoing a work-up for other primary tumors. We report two cases of synchronous colon and renal cancer: 1) a 75 year old woman presented bilateral pulmonary nodules at chest X-Ray and stratigraphy. Total-body CT scan showed multiple, apparently metastatic, bilateral pulmonary lesions and two tumors in the right kidney and ascending colon. A right nephrectomy and right hemicolectomy were performed. She succumbed after 18 months as a result of metastatic spread to the liver, lungs and bone; 2) a 64 year old man was discovered to have a colon cancer during a barium enema examination and endoscopy. CT scan of the abdomen yielded an incidental diagnosis of a tumor in the left kidney. A left nephrectomy and left hemicolectomy were performed. After 6 months CT revealed no evidence of recurrence or metastases. Histology findings revealed two primary malignancies in both cases: a clear cell renal carcinoma and an adenocarcinoma of the colon.
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PMID:[Synchronous neoplasms of the colon and kidney: analysis of 2 case reports]. 1083 31

A 12 year old female child of Arab origin presented with chronic bloody diarrhoea and growth failure. Physical examination confirmed a growth failure and cafe-au-lait patches. Colonoscopy and colon biopsies showed adenocarcinoma of the colon and laparotomy confirmed metastases to the liver. A diagnosis of Turcot's Syndrome was entertained in this child.
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PMID:Turcot's syndrome in an Arab child. 1083 61


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