Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spermatocytic seminoma is a distinct testicular germ cell tumor. Eight cases are described, one is examined by electron microscopy and 65 from the literature are reviewed. The most pertinent ultrastructural findings are the intercellular bridges which indicate maturation toward the spermatocytic cell line. They also give validity to the hypothesis that spermatocytic seminoma is derived from spermatogonia or spermatocytes. This neoplasm has distinct clinical features and peculiar biological proprieties: 50% of the patients are 50 years old or more at time of diagnosis. Only intrascrotal testis are involved. Association with other testicular germ cell tumors is rare (1 case). The neoplastic cells seem to have poor mobility. The potential for spread is limited: microscopic invasion of the albuginae and epididymis has been described in only 4 cases; metastases are not documented. The prognosis is outstanding: all but two patients are free of disease 1 month to 19 years after diagnosis (median 7 years). Two patients (3%) are dead with clinical evidence of dissemination. Postoperative radiotherapy to pelvic and lateroaortic areas has been administered to 60% of the cases. It is noteworthy that there is no appreciable survival diffference whether radiotherapy has been given or not. In our experience orchiectomy is sufficient.
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PMID:[Spermatocytic seminoma. Study of 8 cases and review of the literature (author's transl)]. 736 61

Twenty-two cases of spermatocytic seminoma are reported. This neoplasm comprises 4.4% of all seminomas seen during the period under study. Nineteen patients were older than 40 years. Painless testicular enlargement was the presenting symptom in 19 patients. The duration of symptoms was more than six months in 12 patients. Macroscopically the tumor was soft, friable, grey, and edematous. Microscopically it is characterized by cellular pleomorphism, round cells and nuclei, scanty stroma, and absence of lymphocytes and granulomas. In none of the cases was the tumor associated with other neoplastic germ cell elements or with classical seminoma. Metastases were not encountered in any of the cases. Apart from 3 patients who died from unrelated causes, all the patients were alive and well for periods varying from two months to 27 years. Spermatocytic seminoma is a distinctive clinicopathological entity. It is unique among germ cell neoplasms because it occurs only in the testis and is not associated with other neoplastic germ cell elements. It has good prognosis and is not associated with metastases. Orchidectomy is the treatment of choice and there is no good evidence indicating that it should be followed by radiotherapy.
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PMID:Spermatocytic seminoma: clinicopathological study of 22 cases. 737 Sep 58

Spermatocytic seminoma is noted generally for its relative infrequency of regional or distant metastases. A case of metastatic spermatocytic seminoma is reported in which there was radiographic evidence of tumor recurrence within an irradiated area. The need for aggressive initial management and careful followup of patients with this entity is emphasized.
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PMID:Metastatic spermatocytic seminoma. 745 10

Testicular germ cell neoplasia, a disease predominantly of young men, is, for unknown reasons, increasing in incidence. Cryptorchidism, a prior testicular germ cell tumor, a family history of testicular germ cell tumors, and somatosexual ambiguity syndromes remain well-established risk factors. Intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the unclassified type represents the common precursor to the great majority of testicular germ cell tumors, and its identification in testicular biopsies reliably identifies those patients who will often progress to an invasive lesion. Seminoma appears to represent the invasive derivative of intra-tubular germ cell of neoplasia of the unclassified type; problematic variants include seminomas with tubular, granulomatous, and edematous patterns. Spermatocytic seminoma is an essentially nonmetastasizing neoplasm unless complicated by the rare development of a sarcomatous component. Embryonal carcinomas usually occur admixed with other germ cell tumor types. The combination of positivity for placental alkaline phosphatase and negativity for epithelial membrane antigen can assist in the distinction of embryonal carcinomas from somatic carcinomas. The treatment of clinical stage I patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumor with "surveillance only" may be contraindicated depending on features that include the proportion of embryonal carcinoma and the presence of lymphovascular invasion in the orchiectomy specimen. It is important to be aware that pure, mature teratomas in postpubertal patients may be associated with metastases of teratomatous or nonteratomatous type Yolk sac tumor is characterized by numerous patterns including glandular, myxomatous, sarcomatoid, hepatoid, and parietal variants. Choriocarcinomas classically have a biphasic pattern of syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast; trophoblastic proliferations lacking a biphasic pattern also occur but are difficult to classify unless this category is broadened. Mixed germ cell tumors, consisting of two or more different elements, are quite common. The polyembryoma is a distinctive, well-organized form of mixed germ cell tumor consisting of embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumor.
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PMID:Germ cell neoplasms of the testis. 821 53

Spermatocytic seminoma is an uncommon variety of testicular neoplasm, differing from its classical counterpart at both clinical and pathological levels and having a low propensity to metastasize. This is a retrospective review of ten patients with pathologically confirmed and reviewed disease who were seen at the Royal Marsden Hospital. All patients presented as Stage I. Five were treated with radiotherapy and five have undergone surveillance. The median age was 56.5 years. The median follow-up is 8 years and no patient has relapsed. Two have died of intercurrent disease. Our series supports others of a similar size in the literature with respect to both the rarity and the good prognosis of spermatocytic seminoma. With only one case of relapse confirmed in the literature, this is a subgroup of patients in whom radiotherapy can safely be omitted.
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PMID:Spermatocytic seminoma: a clinicopathological review of ten patients. 893 51

The aims of this paper were to review the literature of Spermatocytic Seminoma (SS) updating its clinico-pathological features and to present a new case of the exceptionally rare variant of this tumor known as anaplastic which only five cases have been reported. Many studies have confirmed that SS is a distinct neoplasm both clinically and pathologically from classical Seminoma and it differs from the latter especially in regard to behavior, characterized by an almost complete inability to metastasize with only very few convincing examples described with metastatic behavior. There is general agreement that orchidectomy is sufficient therapy for SS and that surveillance following surgery is the preferred management option. Surprisingly, the presence of an anaplastic component does not seem to impact on this excellent prognosis. Very different is the case of sarcomatous transformation, for which further therapy after orchiectomy is advisable.
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PMID:Spermatocytic seminoma: review of the literature and description of a new case of the anaplastic variant. 2108 78

Spermatocytic seminoma is an extremely rare clinically and pathologically distinct subtype of testicular cancer that infrequently metastasizes and typically yields a good prognosis. While retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy in the typical testicular cancer patient often harbors metastatic disease, in a patient with spermatocytic seminoma this finding should be viewed with suspicion, and pathologic confirmation of metastatic disease is essential. We present a 49-year-old man with spermatocytic seminoma and retroperitoneal and mesenteric lymphadenopathy who was found to have concurrent low-grade lymphoma.
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PMID:The management of retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy in spermatocytic seminoma of the testicle. 2436 Nov 73

Spermatocytic seminoma (SCS) with sarcoma is an extremely rare testicular tumor with only 11 cases previously described in the literature. We present the 12th case of SCS with sarcoma in a 29-year-old male. SCS itself is an uncommon germ cell tumor with a relatively indolent clinical course that mostly affects males around the fifth decade of life. Sarcomatous differentiation of SCS occurs in 5% to 6% of cases and correlates with a higher possibility of metastatic disease and a poor prognosis. Clinically, this tumor manifests as a slow-growing testicular mass often with an accelerated period of secondary growth. After a concise review of the literature, we conclude that SCS with sarcoma should be treated by radical inguinal orchidectomy with strong consideration given to adjuvant chemotherapy.
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PMID:Spermatocytic seminoma with sarcoma: an indication for adjuvant chemotherapy in localized disease. 2436 73

Spermatocytic Seminoma (SS) is less common than the Classic variant, as its incidence ranges between 1.3% and 2.3% of all seminomas. Generally SS is diagnosed in men older than 50 years. The Anaplastic variant of Spermatocytic Seminoma is characterized by an earlier onset when compared to SS, but a benign behavior in spite of its histological patterns similar to Classic Seminoma. We reported the first case of bilateral, largest and synchronous Anaplastic Spermatocytic Seminoma, in a patient treated with radical orchifunicolectomy alone and with long-term follow-up. The currently available data show that Anaplastic SS reveals a clinically benign behavior, and no distant metastases have been reported so far. A close surveillance after surgery could be considered a valid option in the management of this rare testicular neoplasm.
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PMID:First case of bilateral, synchronous anaplastic variant of spermatocytic seminoma treated with radical orchifunicolectomy as single approach: case report and review of the literature. 2470 31