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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Osteosarcoma of bone is a tumor composed of malignant cells that produce osteoid. Some tumors show predominant chondroid or fibromatoid ground substance. All, however, are highly malignant and about 80 per cent produce death with metastases. The roentgenogram affords important evidence for the correct diagnosis of many of them. Differential diagnosis should include consideration of those sarcomas with many benign giant cells and the group of "telangiectatic" osteosarcomas that may contain only small diagnostic areas. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is now considered as a possible diagnosis for some malignant bone tumors, but the exact criteria for the diagnosis of this condition are still somewhat obscure. Newer modalities of adjunctive treatment, such as resection of pulmonary metastases, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, give promise of improving the prognosis for osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Pathology of osteosarcoma. 16 99

A review of over 400 primary bone tumors yielded 11 lesions with features allowing classification as malignant fibrous histiocytoma on a purely histological basis. Correlation with roentgenograms and clinical data indicated that these tumors occurred as osteolytic lesions associated with a high incidence of pathologic fractures in the metaphyses of skeletally mature long bones. Nine patients developed pulmonary metastases and 3 developed lymph node metastases within 21 months following diagnosis. The average survival was 12 months in 6 of the 9 patients who had no secondary treatment in their metastases. Treatment of 3 patients with metastatic lesions with chemotherapy or radiotherapy has been clinically encouraging. Some evidence was obtained that either or both the histiocytic and fibroblastic component may metastasize. There is a need for biopsy of metastatic lesions and autopsy followup to more accurately assess the mode of spread and histologic type of the metastases.
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PMID:Primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone. 17 60

An autopsy case of radiation-induced intracranial malignant fibrous histiocytoma (fibroxanthosarcoma) is reported. The tumor developed in the region of the sella turcica 11 years after high dose radiotherapy of a chromophobe adenoma of the pituitary. The tumor had infiltrated the base of the brain as well as the base of the skull. Metastases were not found. The tumor was composed of an admixture of bizarre fibroblasts, histiocytes and giant cells, xanthoma cells and siderophages, with a storiform fibrous stroma. This appears to be the first documented instance of a malignant fibrous histiocytoma occurring intracranially after local x-irradiation.
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PMID:Radiation-induced intracranial malignant fibrous histiocytoma. 18 Nov 26

A caisson worker with symmetrical bone infarcts in the tibiae demonstrated a malignant transformation of one of the bone infarcts with wide-spread metastases to the lungs and viscera. Histologically, the tumor was found to be a malignant fibrous histiocytoma and despite amputation, the patient died approximately one year following the diagnosis. This case lends credence to the concept of a cause and effect relationship existing between bone infarcts and the subsequent development of bone sarcoma.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma associated with bone infarcts: report of a case. 18 26

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a rare tumor, which constitutes 3-4% of the soft tissue sarcomas. It occurs with maximum frequency in the sixth and seventh decades of life and has a distinct male preponderance. In two-thirds of the patients an extremity is the primary site and approximately one-half develop local recurrences and one-half, distant metastases. Response to combination chemotherapy occurred in 33%, a rate similar to that seen in other sarcomas.
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PMID:Chemotherapy of malignant fibrous histiocytoma: a Southwest Oncology Group report. 20 Mar 32

A malignant fibrous histiocytoma arose in the proimal tibia of a 40-year-old man who had multiple, symmetrically distributed, medullary bone infarcts of unknown etiology, involving the distal femora and the tibiae. Despite amputation and chemotherapy, widespread metastases developed and death occurred 19 months after surgery. A polemorphic sarcoma, probably representing an anaplastic malignant fibrous histiocytoma, arose in association with a single medullary infarct in the proximal humerus of a 33-year-old woman. She remains well without evidence of disease five years after treatment by radical radiotherapy followed by shoulder disarticulation. Sarcoma arising in association with bone infarction is a rare entity. Sixteen cases reported in the medical literature, including our own, are reviewed. The sarcomas arose in the tibia in nine cases, the femur in six cases and the humerus in one case. The patients were usually older individuals and 13 of the 16 were male. All but two had multiple bone infarctions. Four of the patients had caisson disease, three had what is probably an hereditary bone dysplasia, one had sickle cell disease and eight had infarcts of unknown etiology. Most patients have had a rapidly fatal outcome. Thirteen of the sarcomas have been fibrosarcomas or malignant fibrous histiocytomas, both of which are rare primary bone tumors. Analysis of the published cases of bone infarction-related sarcomas suggests that the risk of developing a sarcoma is greatest in infarcts with large medullary components.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma and pleomorphic sarcoma in association with medullary bone infarcts. 20 9

The clinicopathologic findings in 200 cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) with follow-up information are presented. This tumor occurred principally as a mass on an extremity (lower extremity 49%, upper extremity 19%) or in the abdominal cavity or retroperitoneum (16%) of adults (peak incidence 61-70 years of age). It typically involved deep fascia (19%) or skeletal muscle (59%) and only rarely was confined to the subcutis without fascial involvement (7%). The MFH had variable morphologic features and frequently showed transitions from areas having a highly ordered storiform pattern to less differentiated areas having a pleomorphic appearance. The rate of local recurrence of the tumor was 44%, and of metastasis, 42%. Metastasis was most frequently to the lung (82%) and lymph nodes (32%). Factors that influenced the rate of metastasis included depth, size, and inflammatory component of the tumor. Tumors that were small, superficially located, or had a prominent inflammatory component metastasized less frequently than larger, more deeply located tumors. In our experience the MFH is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of late adult life, and many tumors previously diagnosed as pleomorphic variants of liposarcoma, fibrosarcoma, or rhabdomyosarcoma are probably examples of MFH. Although the histogenesis of this neoplasm remains controversial, we feel it is best regarded as a primitive and pleomorphic sarcoma showing partial fibroblastic and histiocytic differentiation, as reflected by collagen production and occasional phagocytosis.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma: an analysis of 200 cases. 20 8

The clinical and pathologic findings of 12 cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the soft tissues are presented. The mean age of the patients (eight males and four females) was 64 years, and there was a strong predilection for localization in the extremities (10 cases). The lesion is of rather low-grade malignancy, with metastases in only a minority of cases (three cases) but with nonetheless a marked tendency for local recurrence (nine cases). Histologically, the essential feature of the tumor is its biphasic composition with both histiocytic and fibroblastic components, the latter showing a characteristic storiform pattern. In addition, a variable number of xanthomatous cells and multinucleated giant cells were observed. Ultrastructural studies confirmed the presence of the aforementioned cells and in addition revealed a primitive mesenchymal cell. It is suggested that this cell may be a primitive histiocyte from which the two main cellular components of the tumor arise.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Clinicopathologic and ultrastructural study of 12 cases. 21 Jun 84

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of soft part is rather common but malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the bone is rarely encountered clinically. Authors present five cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma with skeletal involvement and discuss their clinical course, x-ray findings and histological features. This tumor has marked tendency for local recurrence and metastasis. Other bone tumors such as giant cell tumor, aneurysmal bone cyst, non ossifying fibroma, osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma of bone and metastatic cancer can be excluded by several characteristic findings observed in x-rays as well as histopathological features. All information on the patient should be carefully analysed, because it is difficult to decide whether bone involvement is primary or secondary. Four out of five cases definitely originated within the bone.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma with skeletal involvement. 21 2

Five cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma are presented and the relevant literature is reviewed. All the patients had locally extensive tumor or eventual recurrent or metastatic disease. Determining malignancy by histologic criteria is difficult. Therefore, histologic, gross, and clinical behavior of the tumor is important. Though the role of radiation therapy and chemotherapy is not yet established, it appears that at least wide "cancer resection," if possible, is the treatment of choice. The unusually high incidence of nonresectable, recurrent, or metastatic disease in retroperitoneal histiocytomas raises the question as to whether all three modalities of therapy should be used in the treatment of tumors at this particular site.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma: report of five cases and a review of the literature. 21 43


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