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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The frequency of bilateral primary (simultaneous and nonsimultaneous) breast cancer in 1420 patients was reported. The number of cases of bilateral breast cancer not caused by metastases amounted to 1,75%. The problems and significance of follow-up checks was discussed.
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PMID:[Bilateral breast cancer (author's transl)]. 96 80

Of 1433 consecutive patients who underwent mammography, 90 were subsequently found to have histologically confirmed carcinoma of the breast (85 invasive carcinoma, three lobular carcinoma in situ, two intraduct carcinoma). Sixty (67%) of the mammograms of the patients with cancer were reported correctly as carcinoma. There were 27 (30%) false negative reports and three (3%) equivocal reports. In 14 (16%) patients with false negative reports the biopsy was delayed by between 2 and 24 months. The false reassurance of the mammogram report was responsible for the delay in diagnosis in nine and may have contributed in the remainder. The mammogram was most likely to be misleading when used as an investigation for a palpable lump in the breast. The mean age of patients with a false negative mammogram (44 years) was significantly less than that of patients with a true positive mammogram (57 years). In 23 of the 60 patients with positive mammograms management was changed as a result of the investigation. The mammogram was most helpful when no breast lump was palpable and there was either some other clinical evidence of local malignancy (ten patients, 11%) or metastatic disease (three patients, 3%), or the mammogram had been performed to screen a high-risk patient (three patients, 3%). The positive mammogram was also useful in two patients with residual or recurrent disease following local excision of a breast cancer. There were 15 patients with bilateral breast cancer (17%). Three (3%) were diagnosed within 2 months of the first tumour but mammography did not contribute to the diagnosis of any of these.
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PMID:Mammography in hospital patients: use and misuse. 128 62

The history of a patient presenting with metachronous bilateral breast cancer displaying histiocytoid features is reviewed. Although regional metastases were noted, this patient has not demonstrated an aggressive systemic disease pattern. In the past, histiocytoid breast cancer has been classified as either a lipid-rich carcinoma or as a variant of lobular carcinoma. However, histiocytoid carcinoma should be considered a distinct entity. Unlike the lipid-rich carcinomas, this tumor stained strongly for mucin. Immunoperoxidase staining indicated strong positively for CEA and negative staining for alpha-lactalbumin. There is suggestive evidence of a relationship between histiocytoid breast carcinoma and breast cancers of apocrine origin. Controversy remains and further evaluation is needed to elucidate the histiogenesis and biological potential of this neoplasm.
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PMID:Histiocytoid carcinoma: a variant of breast cancer. 242 90

Cytogenetic analyses were performed on 40 previously untreated primary human breast carcinomas, four untreated breast metastases, nine human breast fibroadenomas, and ten normal human mammary tissues, all in primary culture. The results revealed predominantly normal diploid cells with abnormal clones in two of 40 primary carcinomas and one of four metastases. 3p deletion [del(3)(p14-21)], similar to that associated with small cell lung cancer, was found in a primary tumor from a patient with bilateral breast cancer. In addition, a clone with t(1;4) was found in another primary breast carcinoma, while a t(1;5) clone was found in a metastatic tumor.
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PMID:Rare clonal karyotypic variants in primary cultures of human breast carcinoma cells. 291 Apr 62

Malignant non-gynecological diseases manifested through ovary metastases are rare but not exceptional. In routine histological examinations of the ovary within the last 6 years we have found an unknown non-gynecological disease in 8 patients undergoing surgery in the gynecological clinic in Zurich. One lobular bilateral breast cancer, one pancreatic cancer, three stomach cancers and three lymphomas were diagnosed. The symptoms, treatment, prognosis and anatomo-pathological aspects are discussed.
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PMID:[Nongynecological occult cancers diagnosed in the course of their ovarian metastases. A clinical and anatomicopathological study of 8 cases]. 301 85

Estrogen receptor status, tumor histology, and the interval between the development of tumors were assessed in 99 patients with bilateral breast cancer. Tumors were first grouped into those simultaneously detected in both breasts or within 12 months of each other (synchronous bilateral breast cancer, of which there were 64) and second, those detected within more than 12 months of each other (asynchronous bilateral breast cancer, of which there were 35). Nineteen percent of all tumors were lobular carcinomas. Overall, the rate of receptor discordance between the two tumors was not significantly different from that previously reported between biopsies of primary tumor and metastases in patients with unilateral breast cancer. Synchronous receptor-positive tumors occurred significantly more frequently than expected, suggesting that the development of the two tumors was influenced by a common mechanism. In patients with asynchronous bilateral breast cancer there was a significantly longer interval between tumors if both were receptor-positive compared with concordant receptor-negative tumors and tumors with discordant receptor status. There was a significant discordance in the receptor status of asynchronous tumors when the histology also differed, indicating that the tumors in this group were likely to be separate primary tumors.
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PMID:Estrogen receptors in bilateral breast cancer. 338 9

1,271 patients with breast cancer treated at the Institut Gustave Roussy between 1967 and 1972 and with a minimum follow-up of 10 years, have been studied in order to analyse the risk factors for bilateralization. Patients with metastases at presentation (160) who have an incidence of bilateralization at two years of 20% have been excluded since the contralateral tumor is regarded as part of the metastatic process. For 1,111 patients, non-metastatic at presentation, the following factors have been studied: age, T-stage, N-stage, tumor grade, tumor growth rate (doubling tumor size in less than six months) and the presence of inflammatory signs. Of these factors, only advanced T stage, fixed axillary lymphadenopathy and the presence of inflammatory sign were associated with a significantly increased risk of bilateralization. For patients presenting with T1 tumors the incidence of bilateralization is 19% at 10 years but this is probably because relatively more of these patients lived long enough to develop a second cancer. A more detailed histopathological study was performed on 682 patients whose tumors were operable at presentation and for whom the following histological characteristics are known: type, grading (Scarff and Bloom), number of axillary nodes involved by tumor and anatomical size of the tumor. None of these characteristics was found to increase the risk of bilateralization. Comparing the two breast tumors (and excluding those with a diffuse infiltration in either breast) in 74 patients in whom the exact tumor site was known, in only 7, was the second tumor a "mirror-image" of the first. Overall, MO patients with bilateral tumors have a decreased survival compared with those with unilateral tumors. For those patients operable at presentation, the 10 year survival is 51% and 63%. The conclusions of this study are that there are two populations of patients with bilateral breast cancer: Those in whom the controlateral tumor is part of a generalized metastatic process and occurs particularly in those with a poor prognosis (metastases at presentation, inflammatory carcinomas, fixed lymphadenopathy). Those in whom there is a relatively long interval (5-10 years) between the development of the two tumors who have not any metastases. This population particularly comprises patients with T1 tumors thus for whom continuing clinical and mammographic follow-up is justified.
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PMID:[Bilateralization of breast cancer]. 373 Jun 33

Bilateral breast cancer has a cumulative incidence of about 7% in patients with primary operable breast cancer, and most of these lesions are metachronous. Most retrospective studies have shown that a majority of these patients have invasive cancer in the second breast, and varying percentages have nodal metastases, which may be of a higher stage than the first cancer. Physicians are now more aware of the importance of careful monitoring of the second breast after ipsilateral mastectomy, and improvements have been made in mammographic surveillance. A retrospective, comparative analysis of two separate breast cancer populations at risk for bilateral breast cancer was done on patients who entered into the system before effective mammographic monitoring (BEM) and after effective mammographic monitoring (AEM). The first group of patients consisted of 500 consecutive patients with primary breast cancer diagnosed during the years 1969 through 1975, of whom 37 (7.4%) had bilateral breast cancer. The second group consisted of 557 consecutive patients diagnosed during the years 1977 through 1984, of whom 36 (6.5%) had bilateral breast cancer. The staging percentages of the second breast cancer in the BEM group were Stage 0, 5.4%; Stage I, 48.6%; Stage II, 10.8%; Stage III, 21.6%; and Stage IV, 13.5%. The second group had an improvement in stage, with 33.3% being Stage 0, 22.2% Stage I, 29.6% Stage II, 3.7% Stage III, and 3.7% Stage IV (P less than 0.05). The median interval between primary lesions was 39 months in the first group and 19 months in the second group (in part, this difference may represent increased identification of synchronous cancers). The second breast cancer was undetected by mammography in 9 of 34 (26%) patients. Six were detected by contralateral biopsy (all were lobular carcinomas in situ), and three were found by clinical examination (all were invasive cancers). It was concluded that more aggressive monitoring of the second breast by frequent clinical examination, mammography, and selected contralateral biopsy appears to have increased the early detection rate of second breast cancers in patients under observation.
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PMID:Has monitoring of the contralateral breast improved the prognosis in patients treated for primary breast cancer? 394 96

The histology and clinical records of 52 patients with bilateral breast cancer recorded in a community tumor registry were reviewed. Previous studies have demonstrated the propensity of lobular carcinoma to occur bilaterally. This view is supported by the large number of lobular cancers found in our patients. Thirty-six percent of the patients with bilateral disease had lobular cancer in at least one breast. Those with lobular cancer tended to be younger and more likely to have simultaneous cancers than did patients with nonlobular carcinoma. In those patients in whom the occurrence of tumors was not simultaneous, they were smaller in the second breast but had similar rates of axillary metastases. This study raises the question of how best to manage the contralateral breast in patients with breast cancer. Lobular carcinoma is one marker of the likelihood for development of disease in the second breast; but if advantage is to be gained by this finding, investigation of the opposite breast is best done early. Finally, thorough examination of patients with nonlobular carcinoma must not be ignored because they still comprise the majority of bilateral breast cancers.
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PMID:Incidence of lobular carcinoma in bilateral breast cancer. 629 26

We reviewed the records of 120 women, age 35 years or younger, with the diagnosis of breast cancer at ten hospitals in the Milwaukee metropolitan population of 1 million between 1970 and 1980. We analyzed epidemiologic factors, methods of diagnosis, treatment, and mortality. While 57 per cent of the patients sought medical attention within 6 weeks of the first symptom, 34 per cent waited longer, and physicians postponed biopsy more than 2 months in another 7 per cent. Most often, the first symptom was a painless lump (61%) and the histology was ductal carcinoma (73%). Only 61 per cent of the patients had preoperative mammography, and 52 per cent of the radiographs were interpreted as benign or negative. Estrogen receptors were obtained in only 38 per cent. At the time of presentation, only 3 per cent had evidence of distant metastases. Mastectomy with or without nodal dissection and/or pectoral muscle excision was performed on 97 per cent of the patients. Twelve per cent of the patients had or developed bilateral breast cancer. Chemotherapy, irradiation, and hormone manipulation were used alone or in combination (with or without mastectomy) in 76 per cent. Although complete 10-year survival data are not yet known, 25 per cent of the 120 patients are dead of the disease and 10% are lost to follow-up and presumed dead. These data indicate that in women age 35 years or younger with breast cancer, patient and physician delay in diagnosis has been common. Estrogen receptors and mammography have been underutilized in this patient population. However, in this community, young patients fared no worse than older women.
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PMID:Breast cancer in 120 women under 35 years old. A 10-year community-wide survey. 669 29


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