Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 30-year-old man died of a testicular tumor with widespread metastases. Both the right testis and the adjoining epididymis were replaced by a mass that consisted mainly of small cells, but differentiated focally into medullary tubules, ependymal rosettes, and glia in which glial fibrillary acidic protein was demonstrated; rare foci of cartilage and cellular mesenchyme established the teratomatous nature of the neoplasm. We believe this is the first reported case of a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the testis.
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PMID:Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the testis. Report of a case. 631 25

An 11-year-old white girl was admitted to The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia in July 1983 for evaluation of metastatic tumor. She had been well until July 1982, when a mass developed over the right scapula. Treatment with warm compresses and antibiotics resulted in no improvement, and incision and drainage were unproductive. A biopsy at another hospital was interpreted as showing a primitive neuroectodermal tumor. There was no evidence of metastatic disease. She then underwent excision of the tumor with the underlying scapula. No further treatment was administered. She remained well until February 1983, when she began to complain of occasional lower back and thigh pains. Her symptoms worsened over the succeeding 3 months, despite treatment with analgesics and physical therapy. By May 1983, she was no longer able to attend school because of weakness and pain, and had sustained a 10% weight loss during the previous 2 months. She was admitted to her original hospital, where bone scan and bone marrow biopsy showed disseminated tumor; she then came to The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. On examination, she appeared acutely and chronically ill. It was very uncomfortable for her to move, and she walked with a slow, stooped, shuffling gait. She complained of tenderness in the lower back and both sides. There were no other abnormalities on examination. The hemoglobin level was 9.7 gm/dl, following transfusion at the other hospital; white blood cell count was 6,900/mm3 with a normal differential, and the platelet count was 480,000/mm3. A 24-hr urine test for VMA excretion was normal. She underwent bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, and the radiographs and pathology slides from the other hospital were reviewed.
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PMID:Extracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor. 632 31

EOE-13 was infused directly into the hepatic artery through a surgically implanted hepatic artery infusion pump in a patient with liver metastases. A computed tomographic scan obtained after EOE-13 infusion accurately showed the perfusion pattern of the implanted catheter. It also demonstrated the hepatic metastases more clearly than scintigraphy with 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin. EOE-13 may prove useful for the evaluation of hepatic perfusion patterns in patients receiving hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy.
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PMID:Intraarterial administration of EOE-13 for the CT evaluation of hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy. 632 56

An analysis of more than 18,000 primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors revealed only 18 cases (0.01%) in which dropped spinal metastases had caused the presenting symptoms. This group included 11 males and 7 females in whom there was no history of surgical intervention or irradiation. Primitive neuroectodermal tumors ( PNET , medulloblastoma), comprised the largest group (11 patients) followed by high-grade astrocytomas (anaplastic and glioblastoma) (5 patients). One case each of germinoma and ependymoma were also identified. The clinicopathologic data of these cases, and a brief review of the literature are presented.
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PMID:Spinal metastases. A rare mode of presentation of brain tumors. 632 8

Monitoring the progression or regression of intraabdominal metastatic disease is required for knowledgeable management of chemotherapeutic regimens designed to treat metastases. Computerized tomography (CT) and CT with EOE-13, a liver contrast agent, allowed precise measurement of metastatic disease. The tumor doubling time of colorectal metastases in four patients was determined from serial CT scans of individual patients. Tumor doubling times of untreated patients varied from 50 to 95 days, and were in the same range for hepatic, lymph node, or intraperitoneal metastatic disease. These data may indicate that metastatic disease of colorectal cancer progresses at a faster rate in the peritoneal cavity than is reported for colorectal cancer metastatic to the lungs. The response to chemotherapy or progression of disease was also determined in treated patients. High resolution CT scanning with EOE-13 allowed calculation of tumor doubling times, and therefore more precise management of cancer patients with metastases.
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PMID:Rate of growth of intraabdominal metastases from colorectal cancer. 672 41

The cell-surface receptor for hyaluronic acid, CD44, is expressed by both normal and malignant cells. Numerous CD44 isoforms have recently been identified that are derived by alternative ribonucleic acid splicing. The expression of some CD44 isoforms has been shown to be involved in tumor progression and metastatic spread in a rat carcinoma model and in human carcinomas. In the present study, CD44 isoform expression was evaluated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis in frozen sections derived from three samples of normal brain tissue and from 40 brain tumors, including samples of glioblastoma multiforme, anaplastic astrocytoma, low-grade astrocytoma, cerebral primitive neuroectodermal tumor, medulloblastoma, metastatic colon carcinoma, and metastatic melanoma. Normal brain tissue adjacent to the tumors was also examined in 14 of 18 glioblastomas. In all normal brain and tumor samples, with the exception of metastases from colon carcinoma, PCR analysis demonstrated one prominent product that corresponded to the CD44H hematopoietic form of CD44. Metastases from colon carcinoma demonstrated two prominent PCR amplification products corresponding to CD44H and CD44R1. These results suggest that CD44H is the predominant isoform of this protein in normal human brain tissue and in human neuroectodermal tumors of varying degrees of malignancy. The ability of CD44H to mediate tumor cell motility and invasiveness (in contrast to CD44R1) suggests that the CD44 alternative splicing pattern of neuroectoderm-derived tumors may enhance their local biological aggressiveness and intracerebral spread. The lack of expression of larger molecular weight CD44 variants by primary brain tumors may also partially explain why these tumors rarely metastasize to distant sites.
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PMID:Alternative RNA splicing of the hyaluronic acid receptor CD44 in the normal human brain and in brain tumors. 753 36

In this retrospective analysis, data of 52 patients with Ewing's sarcoma or PNET with a pathological fracture in the area of the primary tumor were evaluated. All patients were treated according to the trials CESS 81, CESS 86 P, CESS 86, CESS 91 P and EICESS 92 of the German Society of Pediatric Oncology and Haematology (GPOH). At the date of evaluation (15. September 1994) all patients had completed treatment and had been under observation for at least one year following diagnosis. The median follow-up time was 28 months. 22 patients were female, 30 male. The median age was 12 years. 75% of primary tumors had a volume of > or = 100 ml. 30 patients presented with fractures in proximal, 12 in central and 10 in distal parts of the skeleton. 10 patients had primary metastases. The histological definition was Ewing's sarcoma (including atypical Ewing's sarcoma) in 43 patients, PNET in 8 and small-cell osteosarcoma in 1 patient. For local therapy the patients underwent surgery, definitive radiotherapy or a combination of both. The percentage of primary metastases in the group of the patients with pathological fractures is comparable to the whole reference group. The present analysis focuses on those patients with pathological fractures who had no metastases at diagnosis. The relapse-free survival of patients with a pathological fracture and no primary metastases is 58%, the overall survival 65%. These rates are similar to those of the reference group of protocol patients without pathological fractures at diagnosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Prognosis in Ewing sarcoma patients with initial pathological fractures of the primary tumor site]. 756 45

This case report refers to two patients with the rare entity of an extraneural metastasizing central nervous system tumor. The first patient presented with ipsilateral cervical lymph node metastases 4 years after a diagnostic biopsy and 2 years after removal of an anaplastic oligodendroglioma, respectively. The origin of the metastases was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The second case described was found in a 26-year-old female who had suffered from a spinal cord pilocytic astrocytoma in infancy and been treated by surgery and radiotherapy. On postmortem examination, transformation to a primitive neuroectodermal tumor was found. Morphological and immunohistochemical features of the metastases were exactly identical with those of the primary tumors in both cases. The pathomechanisms of metastasizing CNS tumors are discussed with reference to the reasons why such cases are so rarely observed. The incidence of remote metastases and differences depending on tumor type are estimated. No relation to malignancy grade can be detected.
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PMID:[Extraneural metastasis of brain and spinal cord tumors. Report of 2 cases]. 779 75

Chest wall tumors are infrequent in infants and children, but a high proportion of these tumors are malignant. They present most frequently as a palpable mass, and less frequently with pain or respiratory distress. Radiographic evaluation should include chest radiographs followed by computed tomographic (CT) scan. In most cases an initial incisional biopsy is performed because of the significant risk of malignancy. The most frequent tumors are the malignant small round cell tumors (Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor [PNET] family) followed by rhabdomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and a spectrum of other sarcomas. Initial treatment with chemotherapy, particularly for the malignant small round cell tumors and osteosarcoma, may facilitate resection by decreasing the size of the tumor as well as its vascularity and friability. Cure requires successful local control and adjuvant chemotherapy and is particularly difficult to achieve in children presenting with metastases.
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PMID:Chest wall tumors in infants and children. 785 Mar 67

Distinct congenital, benign, probably hamartomatous, lesions of the upper dermis were noted in two children who subsequently developed malignant rhabdoid tumors. The dermal lesions, which we have named "neurovascular hamartomas" were characterized by a proliferation of capillaries in a background of bland spindle cells with possible neural features. In one child the malignant rhabdoid tumor was located in the kidney, and a synchronous primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the central nervous system was the cause of his death. The other infant had two neurovascular hamartomas, and a malignant rhabdoid tumor arose in contiguity with the deepest portion of the larger of the two hamartomas. An axillary lymph node metastasis rapidly developed in this child followed by widespread metastases and death 3 months later. Neuroectodermal differentiation was observed immunohistochemically or ultrastructurally in all rhabdoid tumors and in the tumor of the brain. This is the first report of a unique congenital benign dermal lesion that appears to be associated with malignant rhabdoid tumors in very young children. A genetic abnormality of neuroectodermal differentiation may underlie the development of these neoplasms.
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PMID:Congenital "neurovascular hamartoma" of the skin. A possible marker of malignant rhabdoid tumor. 809 94


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