Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eighty-eight patients with FIGO Stage Ib and IIa squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix underwent radical hysterectomy with pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy. The records and histopathologic material were reviewed to determine the prognostic significance of vascular channel involvement and deep stromal penetration by tumor. Seventy-four patients (84%) were alive and free of disease for more than 2 years and 14 (16%) developed recurrent carcinoma within that time. A positive correlation was found between depth of stromal penetration by tumor and the degree of vascular channel involvement (p less than 0.05). Vascular involvement in itself did not significantly affect nodal status, survival or the rate of recurrence. Depth of penetration was associated with a higher incidence of positive nodes (p less than 0.05). There was a trend towards a lower survival rate and a higher recurrence rate in patients with deep stromal penetration as compared to those with superficial tumors. Microscopic nodal disease increased the rate of recurrence and had an adverse effect on survival. The combination of deep tumor penetration and positive nodes in the same patient was associated with the highest recurrence rate and the lowest survival (p less than 0.05). Nodal status was a more significant prognostic indicator than depth of tumor penetration because patients with deeply penetrating tumors and positive nodes had more than twice the recurrence rate than did patients with deep tumors and negative nodes. Postoperative radiation therapy was beneficial to patients whose tumors demonstrated deep stromal penetration and microscopic metastases to pelvic lymph nodes.
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PMID:The prognostic significance of vascular channel involvement and deep stromal penetration in early cervical carcinoma. 684 43

Formation of metastases in the ovaries in carcinoma of the uterine cervix is a rare occurrence. 749 ovaries were subjected to histological examination in 980 operated patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. A metastatic carcinoma in the ovary was identified in four patients (0.5%). In three patients, a tumour had formed simultaneously in the corpus uteri. This might point to a metastatic spread of the tumour in the same manner as in carcinoma of the endometrium. In view of the low incidence of metastases in the ovaries adnexectomy would not be generally justified.
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PMID:[Formation of metastases in the ovaries in operated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri (author's transl)]. 691 77

From 1967 through 1972, 562 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, stage IB (FIGO), underwent radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy. The patients with pelvic metastases were treated with external beam supervoltage irradiation of 4000 or 5000 rads to the pelvis. Metastases in the pelvic lymph nodes were found in 21.3%. In this study the authors analyzed in detail which nodes were involved with metastases and the relationship with survival and with recurrence. The overall 5-year survival for patients with pelvic lymph node metastases was 53%; for patients without metastases it was 92%. The site of recurrence in patients without demonstrable pelvic lymph node metastases was also examined. The main conclusion drawn from the study is that patients with pelvic node metastases below the common iliac group have a much better prognosis than patients in whom metastases are located in the common iliac nodes; in addition, when nodal involvement is below the common iliac level, patients with disease limited to one node or one group of nodes do not have a better prognosis than patients with multiple metastatic nodes.
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PMID:Stage IB carcinoma of the cervix, the Norwegian Radium hospital. II. Results when pelvic nodes are involved. 715 84

We report a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix metastatic to the duodenum in whom the diagnosis was made at endoscopic biopsy of an obstructing pyloric mass. Failure to consider metastatic disease as the cause of an abnormal appearance of the duodenum resulted in a considerable delay in diagnosis. We present a brief review of cervical carcinoma metastatic to the bowel.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the cervix involving the duodenum: case report and review of the literature. 728 24

Angiogenesis, the induction of new capillaries and venules, has been associated with tumor growth. Increased tumor size and new vessel growth may further the opportunity for tumor cells to enter the circulation and potentiate metastatic disease. To investigate if tumor angiogenesis could serve as a prognostic factor in cervical carcinoma, we counted microvessels (capillaries and venules) in 29 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Surgical specimens were stained for endothelial cells specifically with Factor VIII to identify all vessels. The microvessels were counted by light microscopy (per 200 x field) in tumor sections with the highest population of microvessels. This was performed by two investigators without knowledge of patient outcome or extent of disease. Microvessel counts in patients with squamous cell carcinoma were significantly different from those of control subjects: 56 +/- 28.9 and 16.3 +/- 3.3 (P = 0.013). There was no correlation between microvessel count and node status, parametrial involvement, depth of invasion, or gross disease. Microvessel count was significantly correlated with vascular space involvement (P = 0.017). Four patients who developed recurrent disease within 1 year had high microvessel counts and yet were node negative and VSI negative at surgery. As shown by Folkman in breast cancer, angiogenesis may also be an independent predictor for recurrent disease in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Microvessel counts could be of prognostic value in patients who do not have other risk factors for disease recurrence.
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PMID:Tumor angiogenesis as a prognostic factor in cervical carcinoma. 753 19

A patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix with cardiac metastases causing a massive right ventricular and right atrial tumor embolus is presented. The patient presented with right heart failure due to the right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. The electrocardiogram showed low QRS voltage. Echocardiogram showed the right atrial and ventricular mass. The patient expired 3 days later. Involvement of the heart by metastatic carcinoma of the cervix is rare. The different modes of metastatic involvement of the heart by carcinoma of the cervix are discussed.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the cervix causing massive intracardiac embolus. 789 1

Aquagenic pruritus has been reported in association with a variety of underlying disorders including polycythaemia rubra vera, myelodysplastic syndrome, the hypereosinophilic syndrome and juvenile xanthogranuloma. However, in most cases the aetiology is unknown. The onset of intractable aquagenic pruritus is reported in a fit 71-year-old lady; however, 10 months later she was found to have hepatic metastases arising from a squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix treated 15 years previously. The occurrence of these two relatively rare conditions is likely to be coincidental. None the less, the close temporal relationship between the onset of aquagenic pruritus and the hepatic metastases raises the possibility of a true association. Aquagenic pruritus may be associated with a wider variety of underlying disorders than previously reported. Intractable symptoms of recent onset in a patient with a past history of cancer should be investigated.
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PMID:Aquagenic pruritus associated with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. 803 92

Gastrointestinal metastases from squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix are rare and primarily noted on postmortem examinations. A 28-year-old woman with stage IIIa squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix presented with signs and symptoms of cholecystitis after completing primary irradiation. Operative findings revealed metastatic squamous cell cancer in the gallbladder wall with extensive lymph vascular space invasion. No other evidence of recurrent disease was found. The patient was treated with local external beam radiotherapy followed by systemic carboplatin chemotherapy and has remained disease-free for 6 months. Diagnosis of isolated recurrence in the upper gastrointestinal tract is difficult, since symptoms may mimic a number of nonneoplastic conditions. As this case illustrates, clinical suspicion in high-risk patients should be combined with an aggressive diagnostic approach. Furthermore, treatment of recurrent disease should be considered palliative and must be individualized for each clinical case.
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PMID:Metastatic cervical cancer presenting as cholecystitis. 806 56

Umbilical metastasis from gynecologic malignancies is very rare. We report fifteen patients with primary gynecologic malignant tumors associated with umbilical metastases treated in this hospital from 1958-1991. 1, including 10 epithelial ovarian cancer. 1 malignant teratoma of the ovary, 2 endometrial carcinoma and 2 squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Apart from one patient initially diagnosed as stage 1 endometrial carcinoma, all patients had advanced tumors. Six patients had umbilical lesion present at the time of initial diagnosis of the primary tumor. The main clinical finding is an umbilical nodule or an ulcerated nodule in a diameter less than 2 cm. Usually the prognosis was poor. The average survival from initial diagnosis of umbilical metastasis to death was 14 months in 12 patients. There were 4 cases with longer survival, including one patient with endometrial carcinoma who survived 40 months, and 3 patients with ovarian carcinoma who survived 54, 52, 31 months, respectively. Two cases are surviving with tumor. It indicates that aggressive therapy may prolong survival time, especially in patients with ovarian cancers.
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PMID:[Umbilical metastasis from gynecologic malignancies--a clinical study of 15 cases]. 833 40

The present study comprises a retrospective investigation of 126 patients with stage IB squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, and a similar prospective investigation of 53 patients with stage IB and 6 patients with stage IIA disease. Tumour biopsies from these patients were analysed by means of flow cytometry and a semiquantitative histological grading system. The study showed that a combination of a low tumour cell DNA index and a low score value of the grading system indicated a very low risk of regional lymph node metastases (0% lymph node metastases in patients with low scores vs. 24-46% metastases in patients with high scores, P < 0.001). In order to study the reproducibility of the histological grading 20 randomly selected cases were studied blindly by three of the participating pathologists and after discussion of the grading criteria. A kappa coefficient of 722 demonstrated a substantial agreement between the observers. These results suggest that by combining flow cytometry with semiquantitative histological grading, a subgroup of patients with early squamous cell cancer of the cervix uteri may be selected that could be sufficiently treated with simple hysterectomy instead of radical hysterectomy including lymphadenectomy, which, in many oncology centres, is the standard treatment of this patient category.
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PMID:Prediction of lymph node metastases in patients with early squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri by histopathological grading and flow cytometry. 839 29


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