Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To elucidate the phenotype of the blood vessels and the expression of the growth factors involved in angiogenesis in metastatic liver cancers, we carried out an immunohistochemical study of 57 surgically resected livers with metastatic cancer. Blood vessels in the metastatic liver cancers frequently expressed von Willebrand factor (vWF), Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA I)-binding sites, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), type IV collagen and laminin. Sinusoidal endothelial cells around the metastatic liver cancers were positive for vWF in 33.3% of the specimens examined and for UEA I in 28.1%. alpha-SMA-positive perisinusoidal cells accumulated in the vicinity of the metastatic liver cancers in 68.4% of the specimens. Type IV collagen was detected in the perisinusoidal space close to the metastatic cancers as well as distant from them (91.2%). Laminin was detected in the perisinusoidal space in only one specimen (1.8%). Tumour cells of the metastatic liver cancers were positive for vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) in 78.9%, 38.4% and 7.0% of the specimens, respectively. Hepatocytes close to the metastatic liver cancers expressed bFGF more strongly than those distant from the metastatic liver cancers, and their expression of bFGF was more intense than that in the tumour cells. These results suggest that: (1) tumour vessels in metastatic liver cancers consist of endothelium, basement membrane and pericytes, (2) the sinusoids adjacent to tumours undergo capillarization, and (3) vascular endothelial growth factor may contribute to angiogenesis in metastatic liver cancer. Basic fibroblast growth factor may be responsible for the sinusoidal capillarization and the peritumoral fibrosis.
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PMID:An immunohistochemical study of tumour vessels in metastatic liver cancers and the surrounding liver tissue. 881 92

Right hemihepatectomy is an anatomically based major resection technique for primary and metastatic liver cancer. The most dangerous step in the procedure is to mobilize the right liver lobe from the retroperitoneum and the inferior vena cava. Large tumors or those with extension to the diaphragm, adrenal gland, or kidney may be more easily resected if a frontal approach to dividing the liver is followed. After dissection of the hilus, the liver is divided and during this step all vessels draining to the vena cava are separated. Then the right liver lobe is mobilized together with surrounding structures if necessary, but with no significant risk of bleeding. Our experience in four patients operated on for metastases or different primary tumors demonstrated that this frontal approach may be safely used and allows minimal manipulation of the tumor. Intraoperative ultrasound may be helpful in the detection of the middle and right hepatic vein.
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PMID:[Right hemihepatectomy using a frontal approach--alternative to the conventional procedure]. 899 77

We studied the cases of 909 patients with malignant tumors (497 men and 412 women) who were admitted to Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital from April 1994 to July 1995. The mean age was 78.6 years (range: 60 to 103 years). The most common tumors were gastric cancer, colo-rectal cancer, and lung cancer. However, the most common tumors in those who died (n = 263) were gastric cancer, lung cancer, and liver cancer. In 425, abnormalities were found during routine health checks or incidental laboratory examinations, while the patients were asymptomatic. On the first admission, 23.4% were found distant metastases. The rate of complications with other diseases was 82.3%. About one third (31.2%) were informed of their situation, and 18.5% had not received any treatment for their malignancies. In 63%, performance status at the time of discharge was the same as that measured on admission or better.
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PMID:[Malignant tumors in a Japanese geriatric hospital]. 912 88

The diagnostic value of a new tumor marker, c-erbB-2, was studied in the sera of 50 controls, 112 patients with benign diseases and 534 patients with malignancies. Using 15 U/ml as the cutoff, no healthy subjects, patients with benign diseases (excluding liver cirrhosis) or patients with no evidence of disease (45 patients) had serum levels higher than this limit. Abnormal c-erbB-2 levels were found in 38.5% (10 of 26) of the patients with liver cirrhosis and in 26.7% (8 of 30) of those patients with primary liver cancer. No differences were found between the c-erbB-2 serum concentrations in liver cirrhosis or primary liver cancer, suggesting the possible catabolism of this antigen in the liver. Abnormal levels of this antigen were found in 20% (56 of 278) of the patients with breast carcinoma (locoregional 7%, metastases 41.5%), in 21% (6 of 28) of ovarian carcinomas (stage I-II 0%, stage III-IV 42.8%), in 21% (3 of 14) of the colorectal tumors (locoregional 0%, metastases 30%), and in 13.3% (11 of 83) of the patients with lung cancer (locoregional 11.5%, metastases 16%). C-erbB-2 sensitivity in other patients with advanced disease was: 25% (9 of 36) in prostatic cancer, 22% (2 of 9) in gastric cancer, and 11% (1 of 9) in vesical tumors. When patients with liver metastases were excluded abnormal c-erbB-2 serum levels were only found in breast, lung, prostatic and ovarian carcinomas. C-erbB-2 sensitivity in patients with lung cancer was related to tumor histology with significantly higher value in non-small cell lung cancer (mainly adenocarcinomas) than in patients with small cell lung cancer (p < 0.013). C-erbB-2 concentrations in patients with breast cancer were significantly higher in patients with recurrence (mainly bone and liver metastases) and in patients with progesterone receptor-negative (< 15 fmol/mg) tumors (p < 0.01). In conclusion, c-erbB-2 is not a specific tumor marker and abnormal serum levels may be found in patients with liver pathologies. Its sensitivity suggests its possible application as a tumor marker in breast, ovarian, lung (mainly adenocarcinomas) and prostatic tumors.
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PMID:Serum levels of C-erbB-2 (HER-2/neu) in patients with malignant and non-malignant diseases. 914 15

We succeeded in establishing a highly metastatic model of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in athymic nude mice (LCI-D20). The metastatic variant was obtained by using orthotopic implantation of histologically intact tumor tissue selected from 30 fresh surgical specimens. It exhibited various features seen in clinical liver cancer patients: local growth, regional invasion, spontaneous intrahepatic, lymphnode and pulmonary metastases, and peritoneal seeding with bloody ascites. All mice with the implant-tumor died within 6 weeks due to serious metastasis. The 100% rate of transplantability and metastasis maintained for over 16 passages. The morphological characteristics of implant tumor cells were similar to those of the original specimen by histological and electronmicroscopic observation, and kept on secreting alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in recipient animals. Those data from DNA content analysis by flow cytometry (D. I. value, 1.61) and chromosome karyotype revealed the existence of hypotriploid and hypertriploid cells. The results demonstrated that orthotopic implantation model of human HCC displayed features of human clinical HCC in animals. It should allow development of new treatment modalities and study of metastatic mechanism of human HCC.
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PMID:[Highly metastatic model of human hepatocellular carcinoma established in nude mice using orthotopic organ selection of metastatic variant from patient specimens]. 920 41

Our study was aimed at measuring hemodynamic changes in liver perfusion in patients with HCC and hepatic metastases using color Doppler US, a noninvasive investigation technique. Eighty-seven patients were examined: 14 of them had HCC and 34 had metastases; the control group consisted of 39 people. Blood flow was measured in the common hepatic artery and portal vein and the ratio of hepatic arterial to total liver blood flow (HPI = hepatic perfusion index) and the ratio of hepatic arterial to portal venous blood flow (A/V ratio) were calculated. HPI and A/V values were changed in HCC patients (HPI = 0.23, range: 0.16-0.35; A/V = 0.32, range: 0.19-0.55) as a consequence of reduced portal venous blood flow (9.76 +/- 2.51 cm3/s) and of increased hepatic arterial flow (2.78 +/- 0.46 cm3/s). HPI and A/V values were significantly changed also in the patients with hepatic metastases (HPI = 0.24, range: 0.11-0.38; A/V = 0.34, range: 0.12-0.61) compared with the control group. These changes were correlated with increased hepatic arterial blood flow (3.16 +/- 1.35 cm3/s) and decreased portal venous blood flow (10.39 +/- 3.81 cm3/s). These results prove the role of color Doppler US in the study of primary liver cancer and metastases. Additional examinations are nevertheless necessary to assess the diagnostic value of color Doppler US in the early detection of and discrimination between benign and malignant tumors.
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PMID:[Blood flow assessment with Doppler color ultrasonography in primary and secondary tumors of the liver]. 922 14

Cryosurgical ablation of hepatic metastases from colon carcinoma has become a useful adjunct in the management of patients whose tumors are not amenable to surgical resection. We evaluated cryoablation of hepatoma and noncolorectal hepatic metastases by examining its effect on serum levels of tumor markers in 20 patients with primary liver cancer (N = 5) or liver metastases (N = 15) from breast cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, ovarian cancer, and thyroid cancer. All patients had failed conventional therapy and had no evidence of extrahepatic spread. After cryosurgery, 17 patients had a significant decrease in tumor marker levels (median 77%) and a significant improvement in symptoms. One patient died of nontumor causes, and five patients died of recurrent disease. Median interval to death or last follow-up was 28.3 months overall (range, 2-45 months), 17.9 months for nonsurvivors (range, 2-44 months), and 35.2 months for survivors (range, 26-45 months). Median survival was 32 months following curative surgery (range, 16-45 months) and 25 months following palliative surgery (range, 2-42 months). Cryosurgical ablation of noncolorectal hepatic metastases and primary hepatomas produces a profound reduction in serum levels of tumor markers. It is safe, provides excellent palliation of symptoms, and in selected patients can be performed with curative intent.
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PMID:Cryosurgery causes a profound reduction in tumor markers in hepatoma and noncolorectal hepatic metastases. 929 May 24

The prognosis for patients with primary liver cancer (PLC) often depends on tumor recurrence and the development of extrahepatic metastases, particularly after liver transplantation. We have developed a sensitive test to detect both spontaneous circulation of tumor cells and the spread of liver cells due to chemoembolization and alcoholization. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to search for cells expressing alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) messenger RNA in the peripheral blood of 84 patients with PLC and 102 controls (55 patients with chronic hepatitis and/or cirrhosis, 10 patients with benign liver tumors or liver metastases from intestinal cancers, and 37 healthy individuals). By spiking the blood of healthy volunteers with HepG2 cells, we assessed the sensitivity limit: one HepG2 cell mixed with 10(7) leukocytes. All 102 controls tested negative. In contrast, 28 patients (33.3%) with PLC tested positive. Positivity for the test was significantly associated with portal thrombosis, tumor size, intravascular tumor emboli, serum AFP level, and extrahepatic metastases. Patients were followed up for a mean period of 39 +/- 51 weeks: the probability of developing extrahepatic metastases was significantly higher in positive than in negative patients. Eighteen negative patients with PLC were tested before, 1 hour after, and 24 hours after locoregional therapy: 9 tested positive either 1 or 24 hours after alcoholization or chemoembolization. In conclusion, we have developed a highly specific and sensitive test to detect circulating tumor cells in patients with PLC. This test is likely to be clinically useful in evaluating the risk of developing extrahepatic metastases and the possibility of iatrogenic spreading of liver-derived, possibly tumorous, cells.
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PMID:Spontaneous and iatrogenic spreading of liver-derived cells into peripheral blood of patients with primary liver cancer. 932 26

The possible use of percutaneous transhepatic microwave tissue coagulation therapy (PMCT) using ultra-sonography under local anesthesia for solitary liver cancer was studied. The subjects were 8 patients having primary or metastatic liver cancer with solitary liver tumor less than 4 cm in size, consisting of 2 hepatocellular carcinomas, and 6 metastatic carcinomas. PMCT was performed continuously 3 times at the output of 30 watts for 30 seconds at a time. Tumors less than 3 cm in size were completely coagulated by irradiation from 2 to 5 times judged by enhanced CT. No recurrence of tumor was recognized in the coagulation area. But in some cases, multiple metastases were found at another site in the liver by 3 months after PMCT. Thus, the results suggest that PMCT is a useful therapy for small liver tumor as a local control.
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PMID:[Usefulness of percutaneous microwave tissue coagulation therapy for solitary liver cancer]. 938 97

Hepatic arterial chemotherapy was performed for 27 patients with primary (3), metastatic liver cancer (21), and 3 other cases, over a period of 8 years. Chemotherapy was performed by intermittent hepatic arterial infusion of 5-FU or FAM (in case of metastatic tumor from colorectal cancer), FAM (from gastric cancer), and CDDP or Farmorubicin (HCC). Hepatic resection was performed in 10 cases of metastatic tumor from colorectal cancer, and 8 cases of 10 were curative operation. The 5-year survival rates of curative liver resection group, and non-curative liver resection or non-resection group were 57.1% and 12.5%, respectively. As is the case with metastatic cancer from gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the prognosis was poor except for one CR case of HCC. We concluded that hepatic arterial chemotherapy may be recommended for a curative resected case of liver metastasis from colorectal cancer.
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PMID:[Hepatic arterial chemotherapy for liver cancer over a period of 8 years]. 938


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