Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Follicular thyroid carcinoma may spread distant metastases in sites such as bone, lung and brain. In our series of 448 patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma, distant metastases were present in 25% of cases. We report here a case of follicular thyroid carcinoma with a single metastasis at the right adrenal gland, that was found 12 years after total thyroidectomy and radioiodine therapy. Chest X ray, neck and liver echography and total body scan (TBS), performed after radioiodine therapy, were negative. During hormone therapy, serum thyroglobulin (Tg) levels were less than 1 ng/ml until 1990, and then Tg progressively increased in eighteen months up to 149 ng/ml. A new TBS was negative. At computer tomography a node at the right adrenal gland was found. The patient underwent adrenalectomy and histology showed a metastatic follicular thyroid cancer with Hurthle cells. After 1 and 5 months from surgery Tg serum levels were 0.9 ng/ml. This case shows once again the importance of Tg serum levels during follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer.
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PMID:Metastatic thyroid carcinoma of the adrenal gland. 846 50

Invasion and metastasis are the primary cause of death in patients with follicular thyroid cancer (FTC). The thyroid is a micro-economic system in which proliferation and differentiation was supposed to be under the major control of only a single hormone (thyroid stimulating hormone-TSH). It has shown, however, that a complex network of various growth factors regulates growth and invasion of thyroid cancer cells. A growing literature has established the close association between malignant tumor progression and growth regulatory aberrations in cancer cells. Most of these studies have focused on the phenomenon, that advanced and more aggressive tumors or metastases lost the sensitivity to growth inhibitors, such as transforming growth factor beta. These findings highlight two aberrations of growth regulation which may favour progression of malignant disease and acquisition of metastatic competence: (1) Resistance to growth factor inhibitors and (2) growth autonomy of metastatic follicular thyroid cancer cells.
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PMID:The regulation of proliferation and invasion in differentiated thyroid cancer by growth factors. 898 Sep 96

The case of a 54-year-old woman with metastatic follicular thyroid cancer and undetectable serum thyroglobulin is presented. Many years after the patient had a subtotal thyroidectomy for a large goiter that had no clear evidence of malignancy, metastatic bone disease developed. When the bone metastases were detected and during the follow-up period, serum thyroglobulin values remained undetectable, but radioiodine uptake in the metastases was abundant. This case indicates that the combination of 1-131 scintigraphy and serum thyroglobulin values is superior to the measurement of serum thyroglobulin alone in detecting well-differentiated, metastatic thyroid cancer.
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PMID:Undetectable serum thyroglobulin in a patient with metastatic follicular thyroid cancer. 1023 75

Somatostatins are neuropeptides that have a downregulatory effect on various physiological processes. Their use in the management of certain endocrine tumours is well recognized. Their use in thyroid cancer is not established, although there is some evidence to suggest that they have a role in advanced metastatic disease. We report a case of a patient with advanced metastatic follicular thyroid cancer which demonstrated strong octreotide uptake with reduced avidity for I(131). Treatment with the somatostatin analogue octreotide, however, failed to achieve a significant response. We feel this case is important as it suggests that although octreotide provides a useful further imaging modality in differentiated thyroid cancer, it has no therapeutic role.
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PMID:Somatostatin analogues have no role in the treatment of advanced differentiated thyroid cancer. 1545 47

Thyroid carcinoma with distant metastases at initial presentation, is uncommon. Skull metastases occur very rarely, with a reported incidence of 2.5-5.8%. Here we report two cases of follicular thyroid cancer with skull involvement, and describe the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to metastatic thyroid cancer. We present the cases of a 70-year-old female and a 74-year-old female who presented with painless, large slow-growing masses of the skull. The patients underwent surgical excision of the skull masses, which were histologically diagnosed as metastatic follicular thyroid cancer, and total thyroidectomy, which confirmed the diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma. They were treated with radioiodine and suppressive levothyroxine, which achieved local control of the disease. Management of metastatic thyroid cancer, requires a multidisciplinary approach and multimodality treatment. Distant metastases should be surgically removed whenever possible. Initial aggressive treatment is crucial in the management of metastatic thyroid carcinoma, providing the best chance to prolong patient survival.
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PMID:Follicular thyroid carcinoma with skull metastases. 2579 78

Follicular thyroid cancer is a slow-progressing cancer with better prognosis than other types of thyroid cancer. However, treatment for metastatic cancer is very difficult. We treated 11 patients of advanced follicular thyroid cancer with multiple metastases with stereotactic body radiotherapy using the CyberKnife. Of the total 83 lesions that we treated, 53 had complete remission (64%), 28 had partial remission (34%), and two had progressive disease (2%). The complications were minimal. For those patients not indicated for chemotherapy, multisession CyberKnife radiosurgery is a viable option for the treatment of post-surgery recurrent or metastatic follicular thyroid cancer.
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PMID:Multisession CyberKnife Radiosurgery for Advanced Follicular Thyroid Cancer. 3189 Mar 67

Follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) is a less common form of differentiated thyroid cancer. Liver metastasis of differentiated thyroid cancer frequently occurs in the late onset of the metastatic disease, are often unrescetable and noniodine avid, leading to a poor prognosis. A 69-year-old man with a 14-year history of multi-metastatic follicular thyroid cancer was treated iteratively with 131-Iodine allowing to maintain a stable disease. Upon a recent exponential increase of the thyroglobulin, a peritoneal mass and a voluminous hepatic metastasis were discovered, comorbidities and an insufficient future remnant liver function excluded liver surgical resection. The tumour board proposed a resection of the peritoneal mass followed by selective internal radiation therapy of the liver mass. Due to the already impaired liver function, personalized dosimetry allowed a safe treatment delivering low activity to the nontumoral liver followed by a clinical and imaging response of the liver mass at 3 months. At our knowledge, this is the first case of thyroid liver metastasis treated by selective internal radiation therapy.
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PMID:Personalized selective internal radiation therapy in liver metastasis of thyroid cancer with impaired liver function: A case report. 3219 Jan 67