Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pleural effusion of carcinomatous pleurisy is relatively common and a significant problem in recurrent breast cancer patients. It's very important to control it to keep a good quality of life for those patients. Two recurrent breast cancer patients, suffering from carcinomatous pleurisy and dyspnea due to pleural effusion, were treated with distilled water. As they have been treated with many kinds of hormonal therapy or chemotherapy for their several distant metastases, the performance status of these therapies has not been good. After one or two distilled water pleurodesis, pleural effusion was well controlled and dyspnea had disappeared. No adverse events, such as high fever and chest pain concerning this distilled water therapy were experienced. Taking its efficacy and a rarity of adverse events, distilled water plerodesis is a useful treatment for pleural effusion of carcinomatous pleurisy.
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PMID:[Distilled water pleurodesis for two breast cancer patients suffering from carcinomatous pleurisy]. 1555 5

Inhibins (INH) are dimeric glycoproteins, composed of an alpha-subunit (INH-alpha) and one of two possible beta-subunits (INH-betaA or -betaB). Aims of this study were to determine the frequency and tissue distribution of INH-alpha, -betaA and -betaB in breast cancer tissue. Paraffin-fixed ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS; n=7), invasive ductal carcinomas without lymph node metastases (IDC; n=8), infiltrating ductal carcinomas with their lymph node metastases (IDC/LN; n=8), primary ductal carcinomas with their subsequent recurrence (n=7) were analyzed by immunohistochemical means with monoclonal antibodies against inhibin-alpha, -betaA and -betaB subunits. INH-alpha was observed in DCIS (5/7), while its expression was significantly higher in DCIS than IDC (1/7; p<0.05) and IDC/LN (0/8; p<0.005) and recurrent breast cancer tissue (0/7; p<0.005). The INH-betaA subunit was also demonstrated in all DCIS cases with a significantly higher intensity compared to IDC (p<0.05), IDC/LN (p<0.01) and primary carcinoma with subsequent recurrence (p<0.05). INH-betaA expression was significant higher in primary tumors with subsequent recurrence compared to IDC/LN (p<0.05). The metastatic lymph nodes expressed the lowest inhibin-betaA compared to all other groups (p<0.01). INH-betaB was also demonstrated in all mammary carcinoma tissues, but without any statistical differences. The differential expression of INH-alpha in DCIS might suggest a function as a tumor suppressor in breast tissue, suggesting a useful marker for recognizing patients with subsequent risk of developing invasive ductal cancer. The higher INH-betaA expression in DCIS than invasive cancer suggests an important role in mammary carcinogenesis. Interestingly, primary breast tumor with a subsequent recurrence expressed a higher intensity of the inhibin-betaA subunit, suggesting an important role in metastatic pathogenesis, and utilization as a tumor marker. The immunoreactivity of inhibin-betaA was significantly higher in DCIS than invasive ductal carcinomas, suggesting an important role in mammary carcinogenesis. The metastatic lymph nodes expressed lower INH-betaA and -betaB than the primary tumor, which might be the cause of less differentiated and aggressive tumor cells within the primary tumor. Therefore, inhibin/activin subunits might be useful prognostic markers for breast cancer.
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PMID:Inhibin/activin subunits (inhibin-alpha, -betaA and -betaB) are differentially expressed in human breast cancer and their metastasis. 1558 6

Although mammography remains a key imaging method for the early detection and screening of breast cancer, the overall accuracy of this test remains low. Several radiopharmaceuticals have been proposed as adjunct imaging methods to characterize breast masses by single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron-emission tomography (PET). Useful in characterizing indeterminate palpable masses and in the detection of axillary metastases, these techniques are insufficiently sensitive to detect subcentimetric tumor deposits. Their role in staging nodal involvement of the axillary areas therefore currently remains limited. Several enzymes and receptors have been targeted for imaging breast cancers with PET. [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose is particularly useful in the detection and staging of recurrent breast cancer and in assessing the response to chemotherapy. Several other ligands targeting proliferative activity, protein synthesis, and hormone and cell-membrane receptors may complement this approach by providing unique information about biological characteristics of breast cancer across primary and metastatic tumor sites.
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PMID:Imaging in breast cancer: Single-photon computed tomography and positron-emission tomography. 1598 67

A 51-year-old woman underwent pectoralis-preserving mastectomy for right breast cancer (squamous cell cancer, f, T1c, ly0, v0, N2 (18/33), p53 (3+), HER2 (2+), ER (-), PgR (-), T1cN2M0 (Stage IIIA) in March 2001, and received systemic chemotherapy using doxorubicin combined with cyclophosphamide, followed by paclitaxel. After chemotherapy, radiotherapy was added to the chest wall, supraclavicular and parasternal regions. In March 2002 (disease-free interval of one year), liver metastasis was revealed. Systemic therapy using docetaxel, and hepatic artery infusion therapy with epirubicin following docetaxel, failed. Since June 2003, capecitabine monotherapy (2,400 mg/day) was initiated for the liver and lymph node metastases in the mediastinum and retroperitoneum. After 3 cycles, all metastases responded and a marked response has been maintained for 15 months. This therapy is being continued (18 cycles), and no serious side effects have been encountered. Capecitabine monotherapy is safe and very useful for recurrent breast cancer.
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PMID:[A case of recurrent breast cancer successfully treated with capecitabine monotherapy]. 1612 19

Axillary recurrence of breast cancer is an uncommon event that can lead to debilitating pain, lymphedema, and paralysis of the upper extremity. Multimodality therapy including surgery is usually used to control local recurrence. In a subset of patients, the extent of disease is such that local excision of the recurrence is not possible. In the absence of metastatic disease, forequarter amputation may be used as an effective means of surgical salvage and palliation for locally recurrent breast cancer. In this report, we describe management of a patient with advanced axillary recurrence treated with forequarter amputation and review the current literature on the use of this operation in breast cancer patients.
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PMID:Forequarter amputation for recurrent breast cancer: a case report and review of the literature. 1623 76

Locoregional recurrence of breast cancer can occur in up to 30 per cent of patients and has often been considered to indicate a poor prognosis. We reviewed our experience with full-thickness chest wall resection for recurrent breast cancer and conducted a meta-analysis of the English literature to determine patient characteristics and outcomes. Twenty-two women with isolated chest wall recurrence of breast cancer were treated between 1970 and 2000 at our institution. We reviewed their preoperative demographics, operative management and outcome, and combined our results with seven other English language studies. A majority of women (90%) underwent a mastectomy as initial management of their breast cancer. Only 18 per cent of patients had metastatic disease at the time of chest wall resection, and 71 per cent of patients had an R0 resection. The 5-year disease-free survival at City of Hope National Medical Center (COH) was 67 per cent and was 45 per cent for the entire group of 400 patients. The 5-year overall survival was 71 per cent for the COH group and 45 per cent for the entire group. Several studies reported prognostic factors, the most common being a better prognosis in patients with a disease-free interval greater than 24 months. Full-thickness chest wall resection for patients with isolated local recurrence of breast cancer can provide long-term palliation and even cure in some patients.
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PMID:Full-thickness chest wall resection for recurrent breast carcinoma: an institutional review and meta-analysis. 1646 3

Breast cancer rarely metastasizes to the pericardial cavity to cause cardiac tamponade. We have recently experienced a case of pericardial tamponade due to recurrent breast cancer. A 41-year-old woman who underwent modified radical mastectomy for a right breast cancer (T(1)N(3)M(0), Stage IIIA) 8 years and 8 months ago, was admitted for dyspnea and cough. Chest X-ray and CT scan revealed cardiomegaly and right pleural effusion, and cardiac echogram showed marked retention of pericardial effusion. A diagnosis of cardiac tamponade was made, and pericardiocentesis and thoracentesis were carried out immediately. Based on cytodiagnosis of pericardial and pleural effusion, the diagnosis was pericardial and intrapleural metastases of the breast cancer. Dyspnea was improved by pericardiocentesis and thocacentesis. Both intrapericardiac and intrathoracic instillation of CDDP prevented reaccumulation of pericardial and pleural effusion. After local chemotherapy with CDDP, systemic chemotherapy of CPT-11 was started. Thereafter the patient was discharged from the hospital and recovered her daily activities. This case indicates that intrapericardiac application of CDDP was effective for carcinomatous cardiac tamponade without serious side effects.
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PMID:[A case of pericardial tamponade caused by recurrent breast cancer treated with intrapericardial and intrapleural infusion of cisplatin (CDDP)]. 1691 34

A patient with recurrent breast cancer metastases following initial response to chemotherapy and hormonal maintenance was treated with a whole-cell tumor vaccine, resulting in a prompt objective complete remission of a lung lesion on computed tomography (CT) scans and near-complete regression of multiple breast lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Three months after completion of the protocol, metastases were again found in the breast and lung, with new lesions in the brain and liver. Reinstitution of vaccine inoculation resulted in major regression of the brain and breast lesions, improvement in all other areas, and no indication of new lesions. Therapy consisted of inoculation of 20 x 10(6) SV-BR-1-GM cells, a unique breast cancer cell line transfected to release sargramostim (granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]). Following lethal irradiation to 200 cGy, vaccine was injected intradermally in four divided doses to the back and thighs, every 2 weeks x 3, then every month x 3. Each treatment was preceded 48 hours earlier with low-dose cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m2 to abrogate regulatory T-cell activity. Interferon (IFN)-alpha, 20,000 IU, was injected into each inoculation site at 48 and 96 hours postinoculation to provide an additional "danger signal." The patient developed positive delayed-type hypersensitivity responses and also antibody reactivity to the vaccine cells.
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PMID:Objective clinical regression of metastatic breast cancer in disparate sites after use of whole-cell vaccine genetically modified to release sargramostim. 1695 69

We report two cases of recurrent breast cancer with regional lymph node metastases that responded completely to treatment with trastuzumab and paclitaxel. Case 1: A 52-year-old woman, who presented with left breast cancer, underwent mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection in July 2002. Pathological findings were as follows: invasive ductal carcinoma (scirrhous type), 2.2 cm in size, histological grade 3, positive invasion to the lymphatic and blood vessels, negative nodal status (0/11), negative ER/PgR status, and overexpression of HER 2/neu. Left axillary lymph node metastasis was noted after five months, ie, in December 2002. Four cycles of chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide were administered from January 2003; however, they were not effective. The patient showed a complete response after three months of chemotherapy with trastuzumab and paclitaxel. This treatment was stopped in September 2003. She has maintained a complete response for two and a half years and was not administered any further treatment as of February 2006. Case 2: A 59-year-old woman, who presented with right breast cancer, underwent mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection in May 2002. Pathological findings were as follows: invasive ductal carcinoma (scirrhous type), 1.8 cm in size, histological grade 2, positive invasion to the lymphatic and blood vessels, negative nodal status (0/5), positive ER and uncertain PgR status, and overexpression of HER 2/neu. She had received adjuvant hormonal therapy with tamoxifen; however, a right supraclavicular lymph node metastasis was noted in October 2004. Treatment with exemestane was not effective. However, a complete response was observed with trastuzumab and paclitaxel for four months. She has maintained a complete response for six months and was not administered any further treatment as of February 2006.
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PMID:[Two cases of recurrent breast cancer with regional lymph node metastases showing a complete response to trastuzumab and paclitaxel treatment]. 1696 29

We report two patients having recurrent breast cancer with brain metastases that was controlled well with a gamma knife radio-surgery. The patient is a 50-year-old woman. She underwent radical mastectomy for right breast cancer in September 1993. She suffered from multiple liver metastases in June 2000, so CEF therapy contained hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, and extended right lobectomy of the liver were performed in December 2001. Afterward, pleurodesis was carried out to the carcinomatous pleurisy. Then she underwent simple total hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy for torsion of the metastatic ovarian tumor. MRI study revealed brain metastases with a diameter of 1 cm in her right midbrain in April 2005, so a gamma knife radio-surgery was performed. After the radio-surgery, a weekly paclitaxel therapy followed by peroral chemotherapy with capecitabine was started, and she took the regimen continuously. Another patient is a 56-year-old woman. She underwent skin sparing mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection for right breast cancer in November 2002. Metastases to the base of her skull were found in October 2004, so a gamma knife radio-surgery was carried out. After the radio-surgery, a weekly paclitaxel therapy with anastrozole was started. In both of the two patients, the metastatic brain tumors have not shown growth so far and are under good control as of March 2006.
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PMID:[Two patients having recurrent breast cancer with brain metastases well controlled with a gamma knife radio-surgery]. 1721 44


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