Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The concept of a carcinoid tumor in the gastrointestinal tract and lung is well established; less often, patients develop carcinoid tumors in the head and neck region. One particularly uncommon site of origin of carcinoid tumors in the head and neck area is the middle ear. Middle ear carcinoids have previously been approached as benign entities, lacking any capacity for metastasizing. A critical review of the literature, however, disclosed a small number of cases in which middle ear carcinoid tumors have given rise to regional (cervical node) metastases. This in turn suggests that, as is the case with pulmonary carcinoid tumors, middle ear carcinoids should be thought of as low-grade malignancies which, while relatively slow-growing, nevertheless possess a limited capacity for spreading to regional lymph nodes. To date, distant metastases have not been associated with middle ear carcinoid tumors.
 ...
PMID:Primary carcinoid tumor of the middle ear: a potentially metastasizing tumor. 1661 45

Carcinoid tumor of the middle ear is an extremely rare lesion of the middle ear, and thus its diagnosis is frequently delayed. Some authors found it hard to differentiate middle ear carcinoid from the middle ear adenoma. However, the balance of opinion is currently on the side of considering it as a separate clinical entity. Definitive diagnosis is made by identifying neurosecretory tumor cells using immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. It usually follows a nonaggressive clinical course, rarely metastases, and infrequently recurs after radical excisions. We present a patient with middle ear carcinoid, who is free of disease 2 years after the resection of the tumor mass with canal wall-down procedure. The relevant literature is also herewith reviewed.
 ...
PMID:Carcinoid tumor of the middle ear: report of a case. 1872 93

The case of a 47-year-old patient is described with a carcinoid of the middle ear. Initial symptoms were hearing impairment, feeling of pressure and dizziness. Mastoidectomy was carried out for mastoid shadowing with space encroachment in the auditory canal. The histological examination initially revealed an atypical cholesteatoma and the subsequent immunohistochemical investigation revealed a carcinoid. A radical excavation with complete excision of the tumor and tympanoplasty was carried out. A carcinoid of the middle ear is definitely a rare finding and the primary treatment is complete surgical removal. If metastases are suspected octreotide scintigraphy has proved to be the best option in analogy to intestinal carcinoids. Radiation therapy has not proved successful but the use of the somatostatin analog octreotide, interferon-alpha or palliative chemotherapy (e.g. streptozotosine, 5-fluorouracil) for metastases are further therapy options.
 ...
PMID:[Carcinoid of the middle ear. A case report]. 1963 19

Primary tympanic membrane cancer is very rare; metastatic cancer to the tympanic membrane is extremely rare and presents diagnostic challenges. We report a case of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma in the tympanic membrane. The presenting symptom was hearing loss. Physical examination revealed a friable granulomatous mass over the left anterior tympanic membrane extended from the external auditory canal. Computed tomography scan of the temporal bone revealed one soft tissue mass involving the left external auditory canal and tympanic membrane. A left middle ear mass biopsy was performed. The tumor cells were uniformly positive for cytokeratin and hepatocyte paraffin-1, confirming a diagnosis of metastatic tympanic membrane. A tympanic membrane mass might easily be misdiagnosed and improperly treated. This case serves as a reminder that the differential diagnosis of acute hearing loss in cancer patients should include the metastasis occurring in the auditory canal or tympanic membrane, and that tissue biopsies are necessary to establish the definitive diagnosis for such lesions.
 ...
PMID:Metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma in the tympanic membrane. 2092 10

Glandular tumors involving the middle ear are rare and distinguishing between adenoma and adenocarcinoma remains difficult. A distinct subclass of these tumors demonstrates microscopic papillary architecture and has a propensity to erode the petrous bone and extend intracranially. The term "aggressive papillary middle ear tumor" has recently been proposed to describe this more invasive type of middle ear tumor. These tumors cause symptoms even when microscopic in size. Although histologically benign, they have been locally destructive with frequent intracranial extension and patients may die of uncontrolled local disease. These tumors do not metastasize but there is single case report of drop metastasis to the spine in the literature. Hence this tumor must be distinguished from other benign tumors of the middle ear. These rare neoplasms constitute a distinct pathological entity and deserve wider recognition.
 ...
PMID:Papillary endolymphatic sac tumor: a case report. 2295 1

Pulsatile tinnitus is a rare symptom, yet it may herald life-threatening pathology in the absence of other symptoms or signs. Pulsatile tinnitus tends to imply a vascular cause, but metastatic disease also can present in this way. Clinicians should therefore adopt a specific diagnostic algorithm for pulsatile tinnitus and always consider the possibility of metastatic disease. A history of malignant disease and new cranial nerve palsies should raise clinical suspicion for skull base metastases. We describe the case of a 63-year-old woman presenting with unilateral subjective pulsatile tinnitus and a middle ear mass visible on otoscopy. Her background included the diagnosis of idiopathic unilateral vagal and hypoglossal nerve palsies 4 years previously, with normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Repeat MRI and computed tomography imaging were consistent with metastatic breast carcinoma. This case raises important questions about imaging protocols and the role of serial scanning in patients at high risk of metastatic disease.
...
PMID:Metastatic breast carcinoma presenting as unilateral pulsatile tinnitus: a case report. 2565 58

Endolymphatic sac tumors (ELSTs) are rare neoplasms of the inner and middle ear described in humans. Diagnosis of such neoplasms is difficult and largely dependent on a combination of histologic, immunohistochemical, and clinical findings. Although the neoplastic cells lack cellular features of malignancy, these are clinically aggressive tumors that often invade the surrounding temporal bone. Here, we describe 2 dogs with middle ear masses that share morphologic, immunohistochemical, and clinical similarities with human ELSTs. Advanced imaging of the masses revealed evidence of aggressive behavior such as bony lysis of the temporal bone. Histologically, the neoplastic epithelial cells formed papillary structures, lacked mitotic figures, and had mild anisocytosis and anisokaryosis. The neoplastic cells were immunohistochemically positive for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 but were negative for chromogranin, synaptophysin, and thyroglobulin. Local invasion and bone destruction but no evidence of metastases suggest a clinical behavior similar to human ELSTs.
 ...
PMID:Endolymphatic Sac Tumor in Two Dogs. 2817 32

Neuroendocrine tumors are extremely rare in the middle ear. We reviewed our institutional experience with middle ear adenomatous neuroendocrine tumors (MEANTs). We searched our institution's pathology files to identify patients treated from 1990 to 2015 who had lesions classified as middle ear adenomas, adenomatous tumors, adenomatous tumors with neuroendocrine differentiation, carcinoid tumors of the middle ear, low-grade neuroendocrine tumors of the middle ear, and neuroendocrine carcinomas of the middle ear and identified 14 such patients for whom follow-up information was available. Herein, we review the pathology and differential diagnosis of these patients' tumors and discuss the management and follow-up of these patients. Our report adds to the series cases of MEANTs with recurrences, lymph node involvement, distant metastases, and tumor-related deaths. Our experience suggests that, although these tumors have long been considered to be low-aggression neoplasms, long-term follow-up studies to ascertain this supposed benignity are warranted.
 ...
PMID:Middle ear adenomatous neuroendocrine tumors: a 25-year experience at MD Anderson Cancer Center. 2854 35

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) involving the temporal bone is a rare entity. It is usually asymptomatic and misdiagnosis as acute otitis media, mastoiditis, and Ramsay-Hunt syndrome in early onset is not uncommon. We report a case of RCC metastasis to the postoperative temporal bone in the middle of molecular targeted therapy. A 60-year-old man presented left facial palsy with severe retro-auricular pain and he also underwent left middle ear surgery for cholesteatoma more than 30 years before and had been aware of discontinuous otorrhea; therefore, initially we speculated that facial palsy was derived from recurrent cholesteatoma or Ramsay-Hunt syndrome. Exploratory tympanotomy revealed RCC metastasis and postoperative MR indicated hematogenous metastasis. To the best of our knowledge, no report was obtained on temporal bone metastasis in the middle of chemotherapy or hematogenous metastasis in the postoperative middle ear. Metastasis in the temporal bone is still a possible pathological condition despite the development of present cancer therapy. Besides, this case indicates that hematogenous metastasis can occur in the postoperative state of the temporal bone.
 ...
PMID:Hematogenous Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis in the Postoperative Temporal Bone. 2861 33

A 77-year-old man was referred with a 4-month history of hearing impairment and ear fullness of the left ear. Otoscopic examination revealed an effusion in the left middle ear, and nasal endoscopic examination revealed a dark polypoid lesion at the opening of the left Eustachian tube. In addition to the lesion of the Eustachian tube, a dark mucosal lesion was seen at the posterior choana and the posterior end of the nasal septum. Endoscopic biopsy was done and pathologic result was consistent with malignant melanoma. Wide surgical excision with postoperative radiotherapy was performed; multiple metastases were detected 4 months after the treatment. Mucosal melanoma originating from nasopharynx was extremely rare, but careful examination of nasopharyngeal area should be considered when the patient presents with unilateral middle ear effusion, especially in older age.
 ...
PMID:Mucosal Melanoma Originating From the Eustachian Tube. 2895 48


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>