Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A prospective controlled clinical-neurophysiological-pathological study of 71 patients with oat cell carcinoma of the lung revealed no increased incidence of peripheral neuropathy at the initial stages of illness. All patients developed neuropathy by the time they had lost 15% of their body weight, but the neuropathy was less severe than in 20 age-matched alcoholic patients with an equal degree of weight loss. The weight loss and peripheral neuropathy progressed with atrophy of type II (adenosine triphosphatase-positive) muscle fibers out of proportion to the patient's loss of body weight. By 40% body weight loss, all the patients had moderate symmetrical peripheral neuropathy, 6 had proximal brachial or lumbosacral plexus metastases, and 9 had distal pressure palsies. Mononeuritis multiplex developed in only 1 patient, who had diabetes mellitus. Two patients developed Eaton-Lambert syndrome, which resolved in 1 when chemotherapy controlled the systemic tumor, with no protein in the tumor postmortem which could produce the characteristic electromyographic findings of the syndrome.
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PMID:The carcinomatous neuromyopathy of oat cell lung cancer. 624 73

The oat cell tumor is a particularly lethal form of bronchogenic carcinoma. Cutaneous metastases occur occasionally in the pre-auricular area. In addition to benign and malignant parotid lesions, the differential diagnosis of a pre-auricular mass must now include metastatic disease, particularly if a history of a thoracic malignancy is elicited. We present two such cases of metastatic oat cell carcinoma in the pre-auricular region.
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PMID:Pre-auricular oat cell carcinoma metastases. 624 9

The chemotherapeutic response of a series of patients with bronchial carcinoma has been compared with the response of their xenografts established in immune-suppressed mice. The in situ endpoint of growth delay in subcutaneous tumours was the main parameter used to assess xenograft response, but clonogenic cell survival studies were also performed to assess the extent of cell kill associated with in vivo responses. Histology, chromosome analysis and demonstration of ectopic hormone production indicated that the xenografts retained human morphology and functional behaviour. Clinical response was assessed by serial measurement of metastases. The chemotherapeutic validity of xenografts is supported by this study in which 21 separate responses in 16 patients and their respective xenografts were similar. Metastases regressed completely in 5 out of 7 patients with oat cell carcinoma. Xenografts derived from these were also highly responsive to similar chemotherapy. In contrast, minimal responses were observed in xenografts established from two chemoresistant patients. One large cell anaplastic, 3 squamous and 4 adenocarcinomas were universally chemoresistant in patients and their xenografts. It is concluded that the bronchial carcinoma xenografts broadly retained human morphology and functional behaviour, and reproduced the pattern of chemotherapeutic response of their source tumours. The present work suggests that the incorporation of human tumour xenografts into drug development programmes is justified, although their usefulness in a predictive capacity to select appropriate chemotherapy for individual patients remains limited.
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PMID:The human tumour xenograft--a valid model in experimental chemotherapy? 625

Total body irradiation (TBI) as a systemic therapy has been used in controlling subclinical metastases in oat cell carcinoma of the bronchus (limited disease). Preliminary results suggest that a delay occurs in the development of brain metastases as not a single patient developed this in this series. As eventually almost all patients developed distant metastases, further maintenance chemotherapy is recommended.
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PMID:Total body irradiation in oat cell carcinoma of the bronchus. 626 Apr 22

Oat cell carcinoma of the larynx is a rare and highly malignant tumor. Five cases are reported and the world literature is reviewed. Three of the five patients had distant metastases when they were first seen with hoarseness. The radiographic and histologic findings and treatment regimen for one patient are described, as well as correct recommendations for therapy of these tumors.
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PMID:Primary oat cell carcinoma of the larynx. 626 12

A large proportion of patients with carcinoma of the lung may benefit from the use of radiation therapy. Operable patients have not been shown to benefit from preoperative irradiation, but postoperative irradiation has improved survival in those found to have involvement of hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes. Radiation therapy is the only potentially curative treatment for patients who are inoperable, but do not have distant metastasis. Control of the local tumor is very dependent upon dose-fractionation-time relationships. Patients who are relatively asymptomatic, i.e., they have a high performance status, are curable if treated promptly with radiation therapy. Small cell carcinoma requires both radiation therapy and chemotherapy. The optimal method of combining the two modalities is yet to be determined, but prophylactic cranial irradiation is necessary to control microscopic metastases that are not affected by systemic chemotherapy, and thoracic irradiation is necessary to give the highest probability of control of the primary tumor. Prophylactic cranial irradiation has also been shown to reduce the frequency of brain metastasis in patients with squamous carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma; it may become more important in these cell types when more effective chemotherapy is developed.
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PMID:The role of radiation therapy for carcinoma of the lung. 627 Sep 18

An oat cell carcinoma occurring in the esophagus of a 59-year-old man is described. A review of another 22 cases of such a tumor from the English literature is made. These tumors may have three histologic patterns; pure oat cell carcinoma, oat cell carcinoma with squamous cell carcinoma, and oat cell carcinoma with adenocarcinoma. They appear to arise from enterochromaffin cells; the neoplastic cells show argyrophilia and neurosecretory-type granules on electron microscopy. Resection has been the principal mode of therapy. Overall survival for these patients is about 6 months, with most patients dying of extensive metastatic disease.
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PMID:Oat cell carcinoma of the esophagus. 627 73

465 patients with broncho-pulmonary malignant tumors have been autopsied. Small cell carcinoma was diagnosed in 22.5 per cent of these patients. The histo-cytological variants of these tumors (lymphocytoid, polygonal, fusiform and polymorphic) had the same general characteristics (age, sex, survival) and a similar clinical course. Grossly and histologically, the bronchial tumor, always located in proximal bronchial tree, largely involved the mediastinum. Metastases were peculiarly frequent to the liver (69%), to bone (64.2%) and to the central nervous system (36.2%). Three Schwartz-Bartter syndromes and two Denny Brown sensitive neuropathies were noted in this statistical study.
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PMID:[Small cell carcinoma. Incidence, histopathology and anatomical features. Analysis of 465 autopsied bronchopulmonary carcinomas (author's transl)]. 628 Jul 90

Current strategies for treatment of small cell carcinoma of the lung are based on the concept of the disease as a systemic condition, requiring systemic treatment. Small cell carcinoma is considerably more sensitive to anticancer drugs than other bronchogenic neoplasms. The most widely used agents are cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, CCNU, methotrexate, and VP 16-213. The superiority of combination chemotherapy over single drug treatment has been documented in prospective randomized trials. With suitable drug regimens, partial or complete remissions can be achieved in 80-90% of untreated cases, resulting in three- to five-fold prolongation of median survival. Radiotherapy may improve control of intrathoracic disease and reduce the incidence of cerebral metastases but this treatment does not increase median survival. In spite of impressive initial responses, long-term results are disappointing, with a 2-year disease-free survival rate of approximately 5 to 10%. Improvement of treatment results may be expected from the use of sequential combination chemotherapy with drugs administered at maximally tolerated doses. A high intensity of treatment calls for increased attention to supportive measures against infections and other complications. The ultimate role of surgery, brain and/or chest irradiation, and immunotherapy as adjuvants to chemotherapy remains to be defined.
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PMID:Treatment of small cell carcinoma of the lung. 628 35

Two patients had small cell carcinomas of the salivary glands, with pathological features indicating squamous differentiation, heretofore not described. One is free of disease at seven years, and the second is alive, with regional metastases at four years. Sections from one tumor were studied by electron microscopy and revealed tonofilaments and desmosomes. Most cases of small cell carcinomas of the salivary glands have been considered akin to bronchogenic oat cell carcinoma. Their less aggressive behavior, however, suggests that at least some of these tumors were not true oat cell carcinomas. Our findings, and those of others, indicate that small cell carcinomas of the salivary glands (or head and neck) represent a heterogeneous group. Electron microscopy should be used to determine the exact nature of these neoplasms. If an oat cell nature is ruled out, local and regional treatment should be aggressive, since small cell carcinomas other than oat cell appear not to have a dismal prognosis.
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PMID:Small cell epidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands. 'Pseudo'-oat cell carcinoma. 628 74


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