Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In three experiments, 87%, 75%, and 85% of female C57BL/6N mice developed pulmonary metastases by 50 days after amputation of legs having autochthonous 3-methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas. No difference in the incidence of pulmonary metastases was observed when autochthonous tumors of short (49--94 days) and longer (95--119 days) latency periods were compared. These metastasizing autochthonous tumors may provide a useful model for studies of metastases and for the evaluation of cancer therapy in a minimal residual disease setting.
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PMID:Pulmonary metastases from autochthonous 3-methylcholanthrene-induced murine tumors. 29 10

Twenty patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and nine patients with minimal residual disease (MRD) but at high risk for recurrence following nephrectomy received weekly four milligram intradermal injections of purified RNA extracted from lymphoid organs of sheep immunized with human renal cell carcinoma. Eighty-six consecutive UCLA patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma served as retrospective controls. Survival between subpopulations in each group matched by computer according to extent and location of metastases, age, sex, and interval between nephrectomy and occurrence of metastases were compared by Life Table Analysis. Survival was significantly greater in RNA-treated patients (P < .05) who had multiple metastases limited to the lungs when compared with matched controls. RNA therapy did not influence survival of patients with metastases to other sites (bone, brain, liver, lymph nodes, or skin) or multiple organ involvement. All nine MRD patients treated with RNA remained free of recurrence for a mean observation period of 18 months, range ten to 34 months. No significant toxicity was observed. Changes in skin test responses were related primarily to tumor burden. Increased lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity in RNA recipients was associated with a somewhat improved survival period. Changes in absolute lymphocyte counts had no correlation with clinical course, and complement fixing antibody generally decreased after excision of tumor, was absent in patients with progression, and was present in low levels in patients with a favorable clinical response. RNA therapy may be of value in selected patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and as an adjunct to definitive surgery.
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PMID:Immune RNA therapy for renal cell carcinoma: survival and immunologic monitoring. 90 90

The Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator (Cavitron) was used to reduce the volume of splenic metastases in seven patients. Six patients had epithelial carcinoma of the ovary, and one had peritoneal mesothelioma. All patients had stage IIIC disease. Initially, six patients had malignant disease > 15 mm in diameter (of any single nodule), and one had disease 6-15 mm in diameter. In order to avoid resection of the spleen, cytoreduction could not be performed by standard means. After using the Cavitron, three patients had no gross residual disease, and four patients had disease 1-5 mm in diameter. No complication resulted from cytoreduction of splenic disease using the Cavitron, and splenectomy was not performed in any case. The Cavitron is invaluable in obtaining minimal residual disease of splenic metastases without performing splenectomy.
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PMID:Ultrasonic surgical aspirator in cytoreduction of splenic metastases to avoid splenectomy. 146 Jun 9

The Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator was used to reduce the volume of diaphragmatic metastases in 33 patients. Thirty patients had epithelial carcinoma of the ovary and one each had tubal adenocarcinoma, papillary peritoneal tumor, and mesothelioma. Twenty-seven patients had Stage IIIC disease, and six had Stage IV. Initially, 13 patients had diaphragmatic disease greater than 15 mm diameter (of any single nodule), and 2 had disease 6-15 mm diameter. After cytoreduction using standard means, 11 patients had disease greater than 15 mm diameter and 2 patients had disease from 6 to 15 mm in greatest diameter. After using the Cavitron, 1 patient had no gross diaphragmatic residual disease, and 30 patients had disease 1-5 mm diameter. No complication resulted from the cytoreduction of diaphragm disease using the Cavitron. The Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator is invaluable to obtain minimal residual disease of diaphragmatic metastases.
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PMID:Cytoreduction of diaphragmatic metastases using the Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator. 186 98

Autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) allows delivery of intensive, marrow-ablative chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy to children with high-risk solid tumors. Results from several studies of neuroblastoma suggest that outcome is improved by ABMT; however, relapses can occur months to years after complete clinical remission. Other high-risk tumors including peripheral neuroepithelioma, Ewing's sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilms' tumor, and brain tumors also appear to be responsive to intensive marrow-ablative therapy, although few studies have been reported. For tumors that can metastasize to marrow, a sensitive method is necessary for detecting tumor cell contamination. Immunocytologic analysis with monoclonal antibodies can identify one neuroblastoma cell per 10(5) normal marrow cells; this method also is applicable to other tumors with appropriate antibodies. Ex vivo removal (purging) of tumor cells decreases the probability of infusing tumorigenic cells with the ABMT. There is considerable experience in tumor detection and purging for neuroblastoma, but little has been done for other childhood solid tumors. Future investigations of ABMT will aim to further increase disease-free survival by intensifying induction and marrow-ablative regimens and by developing therapies to be given after ABMT that are directed at minimal residual disease. As pilot investigations mature, the efficacy of ABMT and conventional chemotherapy will be compared in multi-institution randomized studies.
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PMID:Treatment of high-risk solid tumors of childhood with intensive therapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation. 200 84

The investigational drug flavone acetic acid (FAA) has been previously shown to systemically augment NK activity in vivo in normal mice within 24 h of i.p. or i.v. administration. The current study investigates the ability of FAA, and/or rIL-2, to augment NK activity and antitumor responses in mice bearing murine renal cancer (Renca). The results demonstrate that FAA potently augments NK activity in the blood, spleen, and liver of Renca-bearing mice and that the administration of rIL-2 in addition to FAA results in a further augmentation of NK activity over that observed with FAA alone. Renca-bearing mice treated with FAA (200 to 250 mg/kg) plus rIL-2 exhibited a significantly increased incidence of long term survivors (59%) over that observed following treatment with FAA (0%) or rIL-2 (5%) alone. Therapeutic synergy between FAA and rIL-2 was observed against primary tumors, minimal residual disease, and experimental-induced pulmonary metastases. Mice cured of Renca by FAA plus rIL-2 treatment were largely resistant to rechallenge with Renca suggesting a role for T lymphocytes. The augmentation of NK activity and the therapeutic effects of FAA coincided with the rapid induction of high titers of serum IFN of the alpha/beta type within 4 h of FAA administration. Subsequent studies demonstrated that the contribution of FAA could be partially replaced by the administration of several doses of human rIFN-alpha A/D Bg1 before the initiation of rIL-2 administration. The observed synergistic antitumor effects of FAA plus rIL-2 coincided with the augmentation of NK activity, induction of IFN-alpha/beta, and induction of long lasting tumor immunity. Overall, these results suggest that this approach may obviate the need for adoptive immunotherapy in association with rIL-2 administration for at least some tumor types.
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PMID:Augmentation of natural killer activity, induction of IFN and development tumor immunity during the successful treatment of established murine renal cancer using flavone acetic acid and IL-2. 246 May 46

Second-look laparotomy (SLL) was performed after chemotherapy in 86 patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Seventy-one patients received cisplatin-based regimens. Median follow-up was 66 months. Negative SLL was found in 32 patients who had a 5-year survival rate of 48.3% after SLO. Microscopic residual disease was present in seven patients whose 5-year survival rate was 35.7%. Maximum residual tumor of 2 cm or less was found in 13 patients with a 5-year survival rate of 30%. Residual tumor larger than 2 cm after secondary cytoreduction was present in 20 patients; their 3-year survival rate was 19.7%. Fourteen patients with bulky residual disease who did not have cytoreduction were all dead within 17 months. Patients with initial residual tumor at first laparotomy less than 2 cm had a nearly significant advantage in survival rate over patients with residual disease greater than 2 cm and stage IV (P = 0.07). Non-responders to initial chemotherapy had a survival rate similar to that of partial responders. These findings justify discontinuation of conventional systemic chemotherapy for patients showing residual disease after SLL and secondary tumor removal in case of residual tumor at SLL. Therapeutic trials are needed in advanced ovarian cancer testing initial aggressive surgery or early debulking to avoid bulky residual disease, and consolidation therapy in patients who achieved complete pathological response or minimal residual disease.
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PMID:Survival after second-look laparotomy in advanced ovarian epithelial cancer. Study of 86 patients. 270 99

Fifteen patients with olfactory neuroblastoma were treated during the 17-year period of 1969 to 1986. Data was analyzed with respect to age at presentation, sex, presenting signs and symptoms, stage, and results of treatment. Age ranged from 4 to 67 years with the median age being 27 years. Median follow-up was 8 years. Local control was achieved in nine of nine patients or 100% with successful surgical resection, i.e., minimal residual disease, followed by postoperative radiation therapy (45 to 65 Gy) was employed. There were no distant failures when the primary site was controlled. Regional lymph node metastases were infrequent: only 13% (two of 15 patients) presented with positive nodes. Three of four patients treated initially with surgery alone had a local recurrence, two of which were successfully salvaged by combined therapy. There were four patients treated with radiation therapy alone: three had persistent disease after radiation therapy, and one patient was controlled with 65 Gy. Olfactory neuroblastoma has a propensity to recur locally when treated with surgery alone. The authors' experience suggests excellent local control can be achieved with surgery immediately followed by radiation therapy. Thus the authors recommend planned combined treatment for all resectable lesions.
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PMID:Olfactory neuroblastoma. 272 May 89

A case of Merkel-cell (neuroendocrine) carcinoma of the skin with extensive metastases, including pleural effusion, occurring over 20 years after primary resection and treatment, is reported. The histologic appearance of the primary neoplasm was identical to that seen in the biopsy specimens of the metastatic carcinoma involving the great toe and inguinal lymph nodes and to that of the residual neoplasm tissue found at necropsy. Electron microscopic examination of a lymph node metastasis demonstrated cytoplasmic microfilaments and numerous dense-core, peripheral, neurosecretory granules, as previously described in Merkel-cell carcinoma. Cytologic examination of a pleural fluid specimen demonstrated numerous small malignant cells closely resembling the cells seen in the histopathologic sections from the surgical and necropsy tissues involved by metastatic carcinoma. This is the first report of the cytologic findings in a patient with Merkel-cell carcinoma metastatic to the pleural cavity.
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PMID:Cytology of metastatic neuroendocrine (Merkel-cell) carcinoma in pleural fluid. A case report. 298 48

The therapeutic effect of intradermal (i.d.) injection of tumor cells mixed with VCN on growth of spontaneous metastases in transplantable tumors in mice (3-Lewis lung adenocarcinoma; B16-melanoma) and rats (R-3230 mammary adenocarcinoma) was investigated. Intradermal injection was done in a chessboard-like manner; increasing numbers (10(5), 10(6) and 10(7)) of Mitomycin-treated tumor cells (M-TC) were each mixed with increasing amounts (10, 50 and 100 mU) of Vibrio cholerae Neuraminidase (VCN). These different mixtures were injected i.d. at different sites one day after resection of the primary tumor graft to mice and rats, suffering from minimal residual disease. The therapeutic effect of this so-called chessboard vaccination on minimal residual disease was compared to that of the subcutaneous or i.d. injection of VCN-treated M-TC (10(5), 10(6), 10(7) or 10(8) cells) or of single mixtures of M-TC and VCN. The results show that compared to VCN-treated M-TC or single mixtures of M-TC and VCN, chessboard vaccination is the only procedure that is therapeutically effective on metastasation of Lewis lung adenocarcinoma. The therapeutic effect could be abrogated by heat-inactivation of VCN. Incomplete chessboard vaccinations (10(5), 10(6), 10(7) tumor cells, each mixed with 5 mU VCN only) were likewise ineffective. However, treatment with incomplete chessboard vaccinations in combination with a low dose of cyclophosphamide (which is not immunosuppressive, but partly inhibits tumor growth) had a synergistic therapeutic effect on minimal residual disease of Lewis lung adenocarcinoma. In contrast, growth of metastases of B16-melanoma and R-3230 adenocarcinoma could not significantly be influenced by any of those treatments. The DTH response of tumor bearing animals against i.d. applied tumor cells was neither significantly enhanced by the admixture of enzymatically active VCN nor did the DTH response seem to be predictive for a tumor-therapeutic effect. Thomsen-Friedenreich antigens could serologically be detected on untreated cells of Lewis lung adenocarcinoma, B16-melanoma and R-3230 adenocarcinoma. Exposure of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigens after treatment with VCN was enhanced on cells of all tumors except Lewis lung adenocarcinoma. As chessboard vaccination only proved to be successful in Lewis lung adenocarcinoma, but not in the other tumors, it can be concluded that the exposure of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen plays no decisive role in tumor therapy with tumor cells and VCN. Chessboard vaccination was tolerated without any side effects. Tumor enhancement was not observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Tumor therapy of neoplastic diseases with tumor cells and neuraminidase: experimental studies on chessboard vaccination in transplantation tumors. 342 76


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