Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Myxoid lesions can be subdivided into (1) mainstream myxomas of soft tissues, (2) mainstream myxomas located outside the soft tissue, (3) inadequately substantiated myxomas, (4) myxoid soft tissue tumors or lesions not regarded as myxomas, (5) myxoid fatty conditions, (6) other soft tissue lesions and tumors that are sometimes markedly myxoid, (7) other soft tissue tumors in which myxoid foci may be seen, and (8) nonneoplastic myxoid conditions of soft tissue. More than 60 such conditions are listed and the five entities regarded as mainstream soft tissue myxomas (namely, intramuscular myxoma, juxta-articular myxoma, superficial angiomyxoma, aggressive angiomyxoma, and myxoid neurothekeoma [myxoma of nerve sheath]) are reviewed in detail. Intramuscular myxoma is exclusively intramuscular, usually affects middle-aged women, is most commonly located in the thigh, and does not recur after simple excision. Multiple intramuscular myxomas are rare and are usually associated with monostotic or polyostotic fibrous dysplasia and Albright's syndrome. Juxta-articular myxoma histologically resembles an intramuscular myxoma, but involves periarticular tendons, ligaments, joint capsules, muscles, and even the subcutis of adults. It may be associated with osteoarthritis of the adjacent joint. Some 30% recur locally. Superficial angiomyxoma also has been called cutaneous myxoma. It affects all ages, with a peak incidence in the third and fourth decades; arises in the trunk, lower limb, head, and neck regions; and usually measures less than 5 cm in diameter. Epithelial components are present in approximately 25% of tumors. Approximately one third recur locally, but there have been no metastases. Patients with multiple lesions may have the Carney complex. Aggressive angiomyxoma usually arises in the pelvic and perineal regions and affects females seven times as often as males. Tumors usually measure 10 cm or more in diameter, invade surrounding tissues, and recur in approximately 50% of cases. None have metastasized. Myxoma of nerve sheath (the myxoid variant of neurothekeoma) preferentially affects the dermis and subcutis of the cervicofacial areas and shoulders of young women. Most patients are younger than 40 years; one third of them are in the second decade of life. The majority of tumors measure between 0.5 and 1.5 cm. Only three of 102 cases compiled from the two largest published series recurred; none metastasized. The different clinicopathologic features and behavior of these five mainstream myxomas indicate that myxoma is not a single entity.
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PMID:Myxoma is not a single entity: a review of the concept of myxoma. 1076 Mar 24

Thyroid papillary carcinoma, exceptionally, can appear with cervico-lateral metastases in absence of thyroid evident disease. In that case we can have an infected branchial cyst, therefore is very important a correct preoperative diagnosis with FNAB. In literature were described 30 cases of cervico-lateral cystic masses that the histology revealed as occult papillary carcinoma metastases. Our experience is about 80 cases of papillary carcinoma, in only 2 cases the cancer was evident as a tight-elastic tumour in cervico-lateral region, hypoechogenic to the US scan with irregular and thick wall: one of the patient had multinodular goiter; the other one didn't have clinical of US scan character of thyroid disease. FNAB on lymph nodes shows doubtful cells evidence. Both patient had a total thyroidectomy with functional cervico-lateral and MAS lymphadenectomy. In one patient histology showed a papillary carcinoma of 4 mm in the right lobe, in the other patient the cancer was unknown. FNAB, in all doubtful cases, is the most important diagnosis test.
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PMID:[Isolated cystic cervical lymphatic metastasis from occult papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: unusual and rather difficult diagnosis]. 1100 6

The objectives of this study were to (a) explore the spectral characteristics of brain metastases, focusing on the origin of the primary cancer, and (b) evaluate the correlation with clinical outcome using multivariate analysis. High-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) MR spectra (n = 26) were obtained from 16 patients with brain metastases using a Bruker Avance DRX600 instrument. Standard pulse-acquired and spin-echo (TE 32 and 285 ms) (1)H spectra were obtained. These were examined using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares regression analysis (PLS) relating spectral data to clinical outcome. The PCA score plot of pulse-acquired HR-MAS spectra showed a trend of clustering due to the origin of the metastases, mainly based on differences in the lipid signals at 1.3 and 0.9 ppm. With PLS, spectra of patients who died less than 5 months after surgery appeared to cluster in the lower left quadrant of the score plot. These preliminary results on brain metastasis classification and prediction of survival must be validated in a larger patient cohort. However, the possibility of differentiating metastases according to origin and predicting survival on the basis of HR-MAS spectra suggests that this method may be useful for diagnosing and planning treatment for brain metastases and also for guiding decisions about terminating further treatment.
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PMID:Characterization of brain metastases using high-resolution magic angle spinning MRS. 1754 42

Malignant transformation of fibrous dysplasia is very rare. The frequency is increased in polyostotic forms, in McCune-Albright and Mazabraud's syndromes and previously irradiated cases. Pain, which is rapidly becoming worse over a short period unrelated to trauma is the most alarming symptom. Early radiological features of sarcomatous transformation are moth-eaten or cystic areas of osteolysis, cortical destruction and gradual formation of a soft tissue mass. The prognosis is unfavorable as most of the cases are in an advanced stage in the time of diagnosis. We present an unusual case of unsuspected secondary osteosarcoma arising in a previously unirradiated, monostotic fibrous dysplasia. A 46-year-old woman was admitted with hip pain, which worsened after a minor trauma occurred 1 year ago. Plain graphies of left femur showed a well-delineated lesion with endosteal scalloping and areas having a ground-glass appearance. The MRI revealed minimal contrast enhancement but no heterogenous signal intensity, cortical destruction, periost reaction or accompanying soft tissue component was noted. The lesion was initially curetted. But being diagnosed as osteosarcoma histologically, classical osteosarcoma protocol pre and postoperative chemotherapy was applied. Resected femur showed areas of fibrous dysplasia admixed with osteosarcoma having fibroblastic, chondroblastic and osteoblastic areas that were focally invading the soft tissue. Tumor viability was estimated as 95%. The clinical course worsened rapidly after the operation. She did not respond to postoperative chemotherapy and lost with pulmonary metastases less than a years' time after the operation. The case is presented to increase awareness on the possibility of malignant transformation in an otherwise unsuspected fibrous dysplasia.
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PMID:Secondary osteosarcoma arising in fibrous dysplasia, case report. 1856 Aug 51

Bilateral synchronous intratesticular masses are rare but can be caused by metastatic disease to the testicle, primary testicular masses or benign etiologies such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia and granulomatous orchitis. We present an unusual case of McCune-Albright syndrome presenting with unilateral testicular enlargement and bilateral testicular masses secondary to Sertoli cell hyperplasia. To our knowledge, this is a unique case of testicular masses secondary to McCune-Albright syndrome.
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PMID:McCune-Albright syndrome presenting with unilateral macroorchidism and bilateral testicular masses. 2060 25

NMR metabolomics, consisting of solid state high resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) 1H-NMR, liquid state high resolution 1H-NMR, and principal components analysis (PCA) has been used to study secondary metastatic B16-F10 melanoma in C57BL/6J mouse liver. The melanoma group can be differentiated from its control group by PCA analysis of the estimates of absolute concentrations from liquid state 1H-NMR spectra on liver tissue extracts or by the estimates of absolute peak intensities of metabolites from 1H HR-MAS-NMR data on intact liver tissues. In particular, we found that the estimates of absolute concentrations of glutamate, creatine, fumarate and cholesterol are elevated in the melanoma group as compared to controls, while the estimates of absolute concentrations of succinate, glycine, glucose, and the family of linear lipids including long chain fatty acids, total choline and acyl glycerol are decreased. The ratio of glycerophosphocholine (GPC) to phosphocholine (PCho) is increased by about 1.5 fold in the melanoma group, while the estimate of absolute concentration of total choline is actually lower in melanoma mice. These results suggest the following picture in secondary melanoma metastasis: Linear lipid levels are decreased by beta oxidation in the melanoma group, which contributes to an increase in the synthesis of cholesterol, and also provides an energy source input for TCA cycle. These findings suggest a link between lipid oxidation, the TCA cycle and the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) signal pathway in tumor metastases. Thus, this study indicates that the metabolic profile derived from NMR analysis can provide a valuable bio-signature of malignancy and cell hypoxia in metastatic melanoma.
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PMID:Studies of Secondary Melanoma on C57BL/6J Mouse Liver Using 1H NMR Metabolomics. 2495 63

General orthopedic surgeons frequently encounter patients with conditions affecting multiple bones. It is important to recognize common polyostotic diseases. This article describes five polyostotic conditions: Multipe Enchondromatosis (Ollier Disease and Maffucci syndrome), Multiple Hereditary Exostosis (Diaphyseal Aclasis), Fibrous Dysplasia (McCune-Albright syndrome and Mazabraud syndrome), Paget's Disease of bone (Osteitis Deformans), and Skeletal Metastases. This is a survey of the clinical, pathologic and radiographic features that assist in diagnosing these conditions. Also, an overview of the laboratory findings, treatment, follow-up, and prognosis is presented. Recognizing these diseases will aid in prompt and accurate diagnosis and appropriate referral and therapy.
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PMID:Five polyostotic conditions that general orthopedic surgeons should recognize (or should not miss). 2497 67

Tumors develop an abnormal microenvironment during growth, and similar to the metastatic phenotype, the metabolic phenotype of cancer cells is tightly linked to characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, we explored relationships between metabolic profile, metastatic propensity, and hypoxia in experimental tumors in an attempt to identify metastasis-associated metabolic profiles. Two human melanoma xenograft lines (A-07, R-18) showing different TMEs were used as cancer models. Metabolic profile was assessed by proton high resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-HR-MAS-MRS). Tumor hypoxia was detected in immunostained histological preparations by using pimonidazole as a hypoxia marker. Twenty-four samples from 10 A-07 tumors and 28 samples from 10 R-18 tumors were analyzed. Metastasis was associated with hypoxia in both A-07 and R-18 tumors, and (1)H-HR-MAS-MRS discriminated between tissue samples with and tissue samples without hypoxic regions in both models, primarily because hypoxia was associated with high lactate resonance peaks in A-07 tumors and with low lactate resonance peaks in R-18 tumors. Similarly, metastatic and non-metastatic R-18 tumors showed significantly different metabolic profiles, but not metastatic and non-metastatic A-07 tumors, probably because some samples from the metastatic A-07 tumors were derived from tumor regions without hypoxic tissue. This study suggests that (1)H-HR-MAS-MRS may be a valuable tool for evaluating the role of hypoxia and lactate in tumor metastasis as well as for identification of metastasis-associated metabolic profiles.
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PMID:Identification of Metastasis-Associated Metabolic Profiles of Tumors by (1)H-HR-MAS-MRS. 2658 32

A 33-year-old woman with McCune-Albright syndrome was referred for a Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT study for evaluation and staging of a biopsy-proven pancreatic tail neuroendocrine tumor. The scan demonstrated intense focal octreopeptide uptake corresponding to the known neuroendocrine tumor at the pancreatic tail/splenic hilum. There was no evidence of octreopeptide-avid metastases. Diffuse octreopeptide uptake was demonstrated in multiple bones involving the right side of the skeleton. The concurrent CT demonstrated corresponding expansile lucent changes consistent with the known fibrous dysplasia.
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PMID:Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia in McCune-Albright Syndrome Demonstrated on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. 2774 Sep 49

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign bone disorder, in which normal bone structure is replaced by fibrous connective tissue. Polyostotic FD is also related to McCune-Albright syndrome with possible endocrine disorder and Cafe-au-lait macules. Although FD commonly presents as craniofacial bone abnormality, atypical presentation can be misleading and pose a difficulty in clinical diagnosis. Here we report a case of polyostotic FD, who presented as an accidental finding of multiple spinal osseous lesions, leading to clinic workup for metastatic cancer.
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PMID:Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia Mimicking Osseous Metastases. 3089 35


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