Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Every year in the German Federal Republic there are 15000 new cases of carcinoma of the breast in woman. In those cases in which metastases in the lymph nodes have not appeared, the rate of recovery is so high that a rehabilitation is worth careful consideration in each case. Methods of operation have been worked out over years of experimentation, with results that are now so good that not only breast-like forms, but genuine female breasts are created. With the reconstruction possibilities, the quality of the patients' survival time is improved.
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PMID:[Carcinoma of the breast. Reconstructive surgery]. 59 20

A case of secretory (juvenile) carcinoma of the breast is reported in a 26-year-old multiparous woman who had been taking oral contraceptives for 7 months. The tumour recurred 8 months after local resection and axillary metastases were found at radical mastectomy. No further recurrence has been detected but the follow-up period is only 8 months. It is emphasized that secretory carcinoma of the breast originally described in children occurs also in adults. Early reports stressed the slow rate of growth, often with intervals of many years before recurrence, and the small risk of metastatic spread, many cases being cured by local resection. However, axillary metastases have been found in approximately 15% of the recorded cases. Consequently it is recommended that the initial treatment should be simple mastectomy with at least a low axillary resection.
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PMID:Secretory (juvenile) carcinoma of the breast. 59 33

Fine needle aspiration biopsy for cytologic diagnosis has been shown to be an effective adjunct to the clinical evaluation of masses of the breast by physical examination and mammography. In addition to adequately decompressing cystic masses, the procedure has been beneficial in obtaining a pathologic interpretation of any mass that is to be observed. Preoperative knowledge of the malignant nature of a mass of the breast allows the physician to investigate more selectively the possibility of metastatic disease and to consider more intelligently treatment options. Furthermore, the psychologic agony of the unknown for the patient and her family is avoided. Although histologic confirmation is always recommended before proceeding with mastectomy, a positive cytologic diagnosis can suffice when clinically advanced carcinoma is present or when there are medical contraindications to surgical treatment. Because of the false-negative rate of aspiration cytologic diagnosis, all clinically malignant or suspicious masses should have a biopsy in the face of benign cytology. This point cannot be over emphasized and is particularly pertinent to those patients in whom high risk factors of carcinoma of the breast are present. Inconclusive aspirates should be repeated or a biopsy of the mass should be done.
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PMID:Cytologic findings of aspiration of tumors of the breast. 62 78

Recurrence of carcinoma of the breast after radical mastectomy was associated with preoperative body weight among patients observed for up to 24 years. Patients who had no axillary lymph node metastases and who weighed 130 pounds or less had an accumulative recurrence free survival superior to that of heavier patients. The advantage was unassociated with significant differences in menopausal status, clinical stage, or tumor size. High fat diet and large body mass have been linked epidemiologically with high risk for breast cancer; whatever biologic mechanisms are involved may also promote growth of residual tumor after potentially curative surgery. Diet and weight reduction may represent empirical means for improving the prognosis of heavy individuals with early stages of breast cancer.
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PMID:The association of body weight with recurrent cancer of the breast. 63 14

Forty-eight women with advanced metastatic carcinoma of the breast were treated with one of two combination chemotherapy regimens: 1) adriamycin and cyclophosphamide or 2) adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil. The response rate in the two-drug treatment group was 50% and in the four-drug treatment group, 55%. The median duration of response was ten months in both treatment groups. Dramatic responses were seen in patients with visceral metastases. Patients who responded to chemotherapy had a significantly longer survival than nonresponders (p less than 0.01). The long interval between adriamycin doses (six weeks) in the four drug regimen did not adversely effect the response rate--an important finding in view of the dose-related cardiac toxicity of this agent.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer: two regimens containing adriamycin. 66 98

Three cases of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the male breast from prostatic carcinoma are added to the 15 well-documented cases reported in the literature. These 15 cases had received estrogen therapy for prostatic cancer and gynecomastia developed; 14 had clinically palpable breast nodules containing adenocarcinoma. Our 3 cases also received estrogen therapy but differed in that gynecomastia developed in only 1 patient clinically, and diagnoses were made at autopsy with no clinical symptoms related to breast metastases. Moreover, 1 cases also showed remarkable florid lactation-like changes of the breast almost indistinguishable morphologically from that seen in the female breast during pregnancy. The histopathologic differential diagnosis of metastatic prostatic carcinoma of the breast from primary cancer of the male breast is stressed. Its importance is obvious because of the differences in clinical treatment and prognosis. Microscopically, the differential points consist of duct hypertrophy and periductal fibrosis (gynecomastia), absence of any ductal involvement by carcinoma cells, frequent presence of cancer cells in lymphatics and vascular channels, morphologic similarity between the cancers in the breast and prostate, and finally, the usual presence of acid phosphatase in the tumors of the prostate and breast.
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PMID:Metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma of male breast. 67 36

Seventy-five women with clinical stage I or stage II carcinoma of the breast have had radionuclide bone scans at the time of presentation and at 6-monthly intervals during a mean follow-up period of 39 months. Patients with evidence of metastases on bone scan, either at the time of presentation or during follow-up, had significantly higher mortality and morbidity rates than those with persistently negative scans. Whatever the clinical stage, breast cancer patients with a positive bone scan have a very poor short term prognosis and local therapy to the breast is inadequate. A plan is outlined which incorporates the patient's bone scan status into the decision to introduce endocrine therapy or chemotherapy.
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PMID:The prognostic and therapeutic implications of the positive radionuclide bone scan in clinically early breast cancer. 69 40

Embolization therapy is reported in three patients bleeding from metastatic carcinoma of the breast. Two had life threatening hemorrhage from sternal erosion; internal mammary arteriography indicated encasement, false aneurysm formation or tumor blush. The third patient had intermittent bleeding of extensive fungating axillary and anterior chest wall metastases. Autologous clot alone was used in the first case with immediate cessation of bleeding and transient neurological symptoms secondary to back flow of thrombus into the vertebral artery were noted. The second and third patients received Oxycel-Ivalon and Gel-foam respectively; bleeding ceased and no complications were noted.
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PMID:Therapeutic embolization for hemorrhage from locally recurrent cancer of the breast. 70 42

We have concluded from these observations in this pilot study that preoperative radiation therapy does not play a particularly helpful role in the management of patients who have the clinical finding of borderline operable carcinoma of the breast and it does not improve the survival rate. Patients within this category of locally advanced disease must be considered to have systemic metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, as has previously been stressed by many. For this reason, any therapy directed to the regional area for local control must be combined with some form of systemic therapy if there is to be any hope for an increase in survival time.
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PMID:Preoperative radiotherapy for stage III carcinoma of the breast. 70 67

The nitro-imidazole Ro-07-0582, a known radiosensitiser of hypoxic cells in animals, was administered orally to seven patients with metastatic tumour, before irradiation. The delay imposed on the growth of tumour treated in this way was compared to that of tumour in the same patient treated with radiation alone. Two patients died before any assessment of response could be made. Qualitative evidence from a further three patients suggested some enhancement of radiation effect in two patients but not in the third. Quantitative evidence was obtained from the remaining two patients. In one, a patient with multiple pulmonary metastases from a carcinoma of the breast, no enhancement was shown. In the other, a patient in whom 21 subcutaneous metastases from a carcinoms of the cervix of the uterus were measured, an enhancement ratio of 1-2 was found. This agrees with the value from the same patient's skin when rendered artificially hypoxic, as reported previously. The conditions under which quantitative information may best be obtained in this type of trial are described and various factors affecting the interpretation of results are discussed. Ro-07-0582 has thus been shown to have a radiosensitising effect in man and may therefore prove of value in radiotherapy.
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PMID:Clinical testing of the radiosensitiser Ro-07-0582. III. Response of tumours. 77 94


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