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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gliosarcoma (GS) is an uncommon malignant brain tumor with biphasic tissue pattern consisted of both glial and sarcomatous components. It usually occurs in adult population of middle age. We report a rare case of multi-focal GS that was initially interpreted as metastases of extra-cranial tumor. The histological examination revealed the biphasic pattern of a GS. The patient was treated with postoperative external radiation therapy and had poor prognosis. To our knowledge this is the second published case of GS with multi-focal presentation. In this study we also review the literature on clinicopathological aspects of GS.
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PMID:Multi-focal gliosarcoma: a case report and review of the literature. 1608 11

The mechanisms that control the insidiously invasive nature of malignant gliomas are poorly understood, and their study would be facilitated by an in vivo model that is easy to manipulate and inexpensive. The developing chick embryo brain was assessed as a new xenograft model for the production, growth, and study of human and rat glioma cell lines. Three established glioma lines (U-87 MG, C6, and 9L) were injected into chick embryo brain ventricles on embryonic day (E) 5 and brains were examined after several days to two weeks after injection. All glioma lines survived, produced vascularized intraventricular tumors, and invaded the brain in a manner similar to that in rodents. Rat C6 glioma cells spread along vasculature and also invaded the neural tissue. Human U-87 glioma cells migrated along vasculature and exhibited slight invasion of neural tissue. Rat 9L gliosarcoma cells were highly motile, but migrated only along the vasculature. A derivative of 9L cells that stably expressed the cell surface adhesion molecule NgCAM/L1 was produced and also injected into chick embryo brain ventricles to see if this protein could facilitate tumor cell migration away from the vasculature into areas such as axonal tracts. 9L/NgCAM cells, however, did not migrate away from the vasculature and, thus, this protein alone cannot be responsible for diffuse invasiveness of some gliomas. 9L/NgCAM cell motility was assessed in vitro using sophisticated time-lapse microscopy and quantitative analysis, and was significantly altered compared to parental 9L cells. These studies demonstrate that the chick embryo brain is a successful and novel xenograft model for mammalian gliomas and demonstrate the potential usefulness of this new model for studying glioma tumor cell growth, vascularization, and invasiveness.
Clin Exp Metastasis 2005
PMID:Human and rat glioma growth, invasion, and vascularization in a novel chick embryo brain tumor model. 1615 50

Gliosarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm of the central nervous system with a propensity for metastasis. There are fewer than 20 reported cases of extracranial metastases of gliosarcoma with the majority of cases reflecting a tendency for hematogenous dissemination. Here we describe the case of a 47-year-old man who developed pervasive extracranial metastases from a temporal gliosarcoma following radio- and chemotherapy for a primary glioblastoma. The patient initially presented with progressively worsening headaches, left-sided weakness and numbness associated with right temporo-parietal mass for which he underwent craniotomy with stereotactic gross-total excision. Two months postoperatively, interstitial brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy were initiated. The patient initially declined chemotherapy. The tumor recurred twice and the patient underwent re-operation and multiple courses of chemotherapy; histopathological diagnosis remained glioblastoma multiforme. Nineteen months following initial resection the patient's clinical status deteriorated and CT scan demonstrated multiple intrathoracic, hepatic and splenic lesions. Postmortem examination revealed widespread, infiltrating gliosarcoma with intravascular gliomatosis and extensive visceral metastases. This is the first report of pervasive extracranial metastases to numerous sites, several of which have not been previously reported. The histogenesis and the potential role of therapeutic irradiation in the development of gliosarcoma are briefly reviewed.
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PMID:Gliosarcoma with multiple extracranial metastases: case report and review of the literature. 1717 42

Gliosarcoma is a rare brain tumor that consists of both glial and mesenchymal components. We report the case of a 68-year-old female with cranial gliosarcoma metastatic to the spinal cord. Initially, the patient was diagnosed with cranial gliosarcoma and treated with surgical resection followed by radiotherapy. Four months after she completed treatment, she presented with a sudden onset of hemiplegia. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scan demonstrated two masses at the thoracic spinal cord. Immediate surgery was performed and the lesions were resected. No further therapy was recommended due to the poor condition of the patient. The patient subsequently died 3 months after diagnosis of the spinal cord metastases. There are about 20 reported cases of metastatic gliosarcoma and most focus on systemic metastases of gliosarcoma. Spinal cord metastases are, however, very rare and here we report such a case. Available literature on metastatic gliosarcoma was also reviewed.
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PMID:Multiple spinal metastases of cranial gliosarcoma: a case report and review of the literature. 1831 92

Despite malignant gliomas are highly invasive tumors, extracranial metastatases are extremely rare. We report herein four cases (two glioblastomas, a gliosarcoma and an anaplastic oligodendroglioma) with systemic dissemination occurring 3 to 13 months after surgery. Metastases involved liver, lung, kidney, bone and bone marrow. Survival time after metastatic dissemination ranged from 2 to 5 months for glioblastomas and gliosarcoma. Metastases from the anaplastic oligodendroglioma which displayed 1p and 19q chromosome codeletion, responded to chemotherapy and the patient survived 8 months.
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PMID:[Systemic metastases of malignant gliomas]. 1854 16

This report presents the historical experience, clinical presentation, treatment, prognosis, and pathogenesis of gliosarcoma described to date in the English literature. PubMed query of term "gliosarcoma" was performed, followed by a rigorous review of cited literature. Articles selected for analysis included: (1) case reports of gliosarcoma, (2) review articles of gliosarcoma, and (3) studies of the pathogenesis or genetics of gliosarcoma in humans. Our review identified 219 cases of gliosarcoma in 34 reports and eight articles addressing the pathogenesis. Survival in larger series ranged 4-11.5 months. Features unique to gliosarcoma compared to glioblastoma (GBM) include their temporal lobe predilection, potential to appear similar to a meningioma at surgery, repeated reports of extracranial metastases, and infrequency of EGFR mutations. Published experience is limited to small case series, and the pathogenesis remains unclear. Clinical and pathologic characteristics distinct from GBM suggest that they may warrant specific treatment, separate from conventional GBM therapy.
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PMID:Primary gliosarcoma: key clinical and pathologic distinctions from glioblastoma with implications as a unique oncologic entity. 1961 14

A 51-year-old right-handed woman initially presented with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. MRI showed abnormal signal hyperintensity of the right temporal lobe that was thought to be consistent with ischemic stroke. Three years later, she developed an intensely enhancing centrally necrotic tumor in the right temporal-parietal lobes. A craniotomy was performed with gross total resection of the tumor followed by chemotherapy and radiation treatments. Histological examination demonstrated a gliosarcoma. A year later, she had a recurrence of the intra-axial gliosarcoma requiring a second craniotomy for tumor resection and placement of Gliadel wafers. Postoperatively, she developed plural effusions. A pulmonary workup revealed lung lesions that were biopsied and found to be gliosarcoma. After the second surgery, she underwent pleurodesis and one cycle of modified mesna, doxorubicin, ifosfamide, and dacarbazine (MAID) chemotherapy, but died 5 months later from progression of the lung metastases. There are fewer than 20 reported cases of extracranial metastases of gliosarcoma. This is the first report of gliosarcoma with prolonged survival (over 2 years) and death from non-CNS metastatic gliosarcoma.
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PMID:Metastatic gliosarcoma with a unique presentation and progression: case report and review of the literature. 2042 88

The authors report a rare a case of gliosarcoma metastases in a 28-year-old male patient. The cauda equina roots were involved after brain tumor 16 months ago, which, on microscopic study, had a biphasic pattern and heterogeneous staining in the reaction with antibody to GFAP and vimentin; the tumor cells did not express EMA, EA, and desmin. Gliosarcoma was diagnosed, by taking into account morphological and immunohistochemical data. Tumor tissue of the cauda equine roots had the same immunophenotype as the brain tumor with a predominance of glial component, which permitted the source of metastases to be ascertained.
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PMID:[Multiple gliosarcoma metastases in the cauda equina roots]. 2108 41

Extracranial metastasis of malignant glioma is an extremely rare event. We report on a 67-year-old patient with a primary gliosarcoma that was treated by open resection. The concomitant radio-chemotherapy which followed induced an unusually severe and early leucocytopenia. Ten months after diagnosis, the patient presented with multiple metastases in the lung and the skeletal system. The clinical, radiological and neuropathological findings are described. In addition, we discuss the possible role of a compromised immune system in the development of extracranial glioma metastasis.
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PMID:Case report: extracranial metastasis from gliosarcoma--the influence of immune system. 2115 19

A very rare case of gliosarcoma of the pineal region with cerebellar metastasis is presented. A few cases of glioblastoma and fibrosarcoma have already been published however there was no reported case with gliosarcoma at the pineal region even with cerebellar metastases.
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PMID:Gliosarcoma of the pineal region with cerebellar metastasis: case illustration. 2233 45


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