Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Allergic reaction to an antitumor agent, cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (DDP) was investigated. A 15-year-old white male with pulmonary metastases from embryonal carcinoma of testis was treated with a combination of DDP, bleomycin, and vinblastine. The dose of DDP varied from 2 to 2.25 mg/kg given i.v. He received 7 doses of DDP in 9 months. An anaphylactic reaction was seen within 3 min of the initiation of i.v. infusion of the 8th dose of DDP. The reaction was due to atopic hypersensitivity, as confirmed by an immediate wheal and flair reaction and increased histamine release from leukocytes with DDP. His serum IgE level was elevated. Neither the presence of chloride nor the amine grouping in DDP was essential for reactivity. The replacement of platinum with palladium abrogated the reactivity. There was no cross-reactivity with 3 other platinum complexes of known antitumor activity (platinum blue, platinum(II) 1,2-diaminocyclohexane malonate, and platinum(II) ethylenediamine malonate). This was also confirmed by the lack of reaction to subsequent i.v. administration of platinum(II) 1,2-diaminocyclohexane malonate (10 mg/kg) in this patient.
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PMID:Atopic hypersensitivity to cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) and other platinum complexes. 5 Aug 81

Autopsy findings in 20 cases of clinical extragonadal germ-cell tumors arising in the anterior mediastinum are presented. The histologic types were: 2 choriocarcinomas, 3 seminomas, 3 malignant teratomas, 3 embryonal carcinomas, and 9 mixed germ-cell tumors. All of the patients were men, and the ages ranged from 14 to 45 years, with a mean of 32.5 years. The mean survival for these patients after diagnosis was 10.9 months. Local recurrence was characteristic of non-seminomatous tumors. In patients with seminoma, local control of the disease was good, but distant metastases were the cause of death. The most frequent sites of metastases were lungs, bones and liver. In all 20 cases, the testes were carefully step-sectioned. Occult tumor was found in only one case of embryonal carcinoma and a well-defined testicular scar with calcification in a patient with choriocarcinoma. Both patients had lower retroperitoneal metastases. These findings support the premise that, in the majority of cases, these tumors had a primary extragonadal origin.
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PMID:Germ-cell tumors of the mediastinum, postmortem findings. 17 71

Records of 63 cases of testicular tumors treated at the Hunter Radiation Therapy Center, Yale-New Haven Hospital from 1962 through 1971 were reviewed. One hundred percent cure rate was obtained in the 36 Stage I and II pure seminoma (Group I) patients. For Stage I, the para-aortic and homolateral iliac lymph nodes were irradiated to a dose of 3,000 to 3,500 rads in three to four weeks. Elective irradiation of the mediastinum and supraclavicular areas was omitted. For Stage II, such extended field irradiation was employed to a dose of 2,000 to 3,000 rads in two to three weeks. Six (or 43 percent) of the 14 embryonal carcinoma (Group II) patients are alive for a minimum of three to a maximum of eleven years. Both teratoma (Group III) patients are alive at five and seven years as well. All eight Stage I teratocarconoma (Group IV) patients are alive with no evident disease at three to ten years. Our data indicate the difference in prognosis between patients who subsequently developed localized lung metastases and those who initially presented with pulmonary disease. We conclude that intensive combined efforts of both radiation and medical oncologists can salvage a considerable number of patients with metachronous onset of pulmonary metastases.
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PMID:Radiation therapy for testicular tumors metastasizing to the lungs. 17 93

Central nervous system metastases are a common complication of disseminated germ cell tumors of the testis. They occurred in 16% of 242 patients treated and in 25% of the patients who died in our VAB chemotherapy series. Pulmonary metastases preceded or coincided with the development of brain metastases. The frequency of brain metastases differed with the histology of the primary tumor. They occurred in 13% of pure embryonal carcinomas, 18% of mixed tumors containing embryonal or choriocarcinoma elements, and 83% of pure choriocarcinomas. Embryonal carcinoma and choriocarcinoma were the principle histologies found in brain metastases. Characteristically, pure choriocarcinoma deposits in the brain were multiple (8/9) and cerebellar involvement was common (5/9). Pure embryonal carcinoma CNS metastases were typically single (6/8) or very few and cerebellar involvement was not observed. The interval from the diagnosis of malignancy to the diagnosis of brain metastases was longer for embryonal carcinoma than for pure choriocarcinoma (23 mos. vs. 6.5 mos.). Survival following the diagnosis of brain metastases was poor. There was a tendency toward longer survival for histologically pure embryonal carcinoma deposits in the brain than for the pure choriocarcinomas (6.5 mos. vs. 1 mo.).
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PMID:Neurological complications of malignant germ cell tumors of testis: biology of brain metastases (I). 22 44

28-year-old sportsman developed chest pain, dyspnoea, haemoptysis and swelling of the right leg. 8 weeks later he also complained of blurred vision. Ophthalmoscopy revealed subretinal infiltrates diagnosed as tumour metastases by fluorescein angiography. The patient died 10 weeks after the first symptoms. At autopsy large mediastinal embryonal carcinoma was diagnosed, and both eyes revealed choroidal metastases. This rare tumour usually involves young men and is invariably fatal within a few months. Exceptional bilateral choroidal metastases constituted the presenting sign.
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PMID:Mediastinal embryonal carcinoma with bilateral choroidal metastases. Fluorescein angiographic and histopathologic study. 54 44

A study of the incidence and clinical course of testicular germ-cell tumor metastatic to the gastrointestinal tract is presented. Gastrointestinal tract metastasis occurred in 25 cases, 5% of all patients evaluated with germ-cell tumor of the testis. Although embryonal carcinoma was the dominant component in all cases, element of choriocarcinoma were found in 20 cases and HCG was positive in 22 cases. Metastasis occurred most commonly by direct invasion from adjacent tumor. The most frequent site of gastrointestinal involvment was the proximal small intestine. Ivolvement of the duodenum was noted in seven cases. The most common gastrointestinal tract manifestations were intestinal obstruction and gastrointestinal bleeding. Although a variety of therapeutic modalities were tried, the average length of survival from the time of diagnosis of gastrointestinal metastasis to death was six months.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal tract metastasis in patients with germ-cell tumor of the testis. 56 78

The case of an eight-year old male with a pineal tumor is reported, in which metastases occurred to extraneural organs. The pineal tumor consisted of portions of benign teratoma, malignant ependymoma and embryonal carcinoma. Only the embryonal carcinoma metastasized. The intracanial and spinal subarachnoid space alos was invaded by disseminated embryonal carcinoma. There have been seven other similar cases reported. All patients were males from five to 34 years of age.
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PMID:Extraneural metastasis of pineal tumor. 111 Nov 47

Testicular tumors initially diagnosed as pure seminoma were irradiated following orchiectomy in 141 patients. Analysis of treatment failures reveals that (a) 2500 rads is adequate for elective irradiation and 3500 rads for small to moderate-size metastases; (b) elective irradiation of the mediastinum and left supraclavicular area is not indicated for Stage I, but is for Stage II; (c) patient with bulky retroperitoneal disease should be treated initially through total abdominal portais followed by additional treatment through reduced fields; and (d) presence of embryonal carcinoma, teratocarcinoma, or choricarconoma should be considered when regression is poor.
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PMID:Radiotherapy for pure seminoma of the testis. 117 6

Lymphography was performed in 130 patients with malignant neoplasm of the testes. The patients were treated by irradiation, supplemented by chemotherapy when lymph node metastases were present. The survival rates of the various pathologic subdivisions were analyzed according to the lymphography. The following 5-year survival rates were observed: seminoma: normal lymphography 94%, pathologic lymphography 69%; teratocarcinoma: normal lymphography 86%, pathologic lymphography 14%; embryonal carcinoma: normal lymphography 64%, pathologic lymphography 33%.
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PMID:Lymphography as a guide to prognosis in malignant testicular tumours. 123 38

One hundred twenty-five cases of testicular tumor are reviewed. The prognostic significance of clinical features, certain laboratory test results, and histologic type are evaluated, and treatment results are presented. The most important prognostic clinical feature is the presence or absence of clinically evident metastases. The urinary gonadotropin levels are useful prognostically, but the intravenous pyelogram and lymphangiogram are statistically unreliable. The presence of tumor in retroperitoneal lymph nodes influenced survival only in the patients with embryonal carcinoma. Tumor type influenced survival more than any other pathologic factor. Vascular invasion, local extension, and Leydig cell hyperplasia did not correlate with tumor behavior in germinal neoplasms. Patients with clinical Stage IA or IB teratocarcinoma had an 85 per cent survival rate with a wide variety of treatment.
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PMID:Testis tumors: review of 125 cases at the Cleveland Clinic. 123 58


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