Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of a two-weeks-old female infant is reported who was born with an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in the size of more than a man's fist that was located in the area of the left half of the face. The tumor provoked an extreme disfiguration by its rapid postpartial growth when metastases had already developed. A palliative operation in order to maintain respiration and nutrition was performed when exitus letalis occured in hemorrhagical shock and consecutive circulatory break-down.
 ...
PMID:[A rare case of congenital rhabdomyosarcoma (author's transl)]. 14 70

The evidence that the principles of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy developed in experimental animal systems also apply to a variety of neoplastic diseases in man has been clearly demonstrated. Micrometastatic disease can be eradicated with effective chemotherapy in several diseases. Prolongation of disease-free interval, if not cure, is now possible in diseases in which curative surgery alone or in combination with radiotherapy does not achieve these goals. The previously fatal childhood solid tumors--Wilms', Ewings' sarcoma, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma--are curable in a high percentage of patients appropriately treated with combinations of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The prolongation of the disease-free interval in osteogenic sarcoma has permitted consideration of entirely new surgical approaches for this tumor in which radical amputation has traditionally been employed. The spectacular results achieved in the treatment of Stage II breast cancer may potentially save hundreds of thousands of lives in the coming decade. Clinically recognizable metastatic disease is rarely curable by any currently available treatment modality. The prolongation of disease-free intervals and production of cures when surgical adjuvant chemotherapy is employed may be partly explained by relatively more circulation, and thus drug delivery to each tumor cell, more favorable cellular kinetics, and a healthier and more immunocompetent host who is better able to withstand drug effects on normal tissues, and to participate in tumor destruction. Cures of certain patients with neoplastic diseases using surgical adjuvant chemotherapy has increased the incentive to learn more about new and old drugs and their effective use alone and in combination. Chemotherapy, in appropriate combinations with surgery, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, may well be more efficacious in many clinical situations than the traditional use of single-modality treatment. The data presented in this paper relate solid evidence that the possibility of cure in a variety of neoplastic diseases is real.
 ...
PMID:Surgical adjuvant chemotherapy. 19 34

An embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma that initially was seen as a polyp in the external auditory canal underwent uncontrollable direct extension along the facial nerve through the internal auditory meatus, with encasement of the base of the brain and entire spinal cord despite radical surgery, supervoltage irradiation, and multidrug chemotherapy. This degree of massive neuraxial spread without systemic metastases appears to be unique.
 ...
PMID:Massive neuraxial spread of aural rhabdomyosarcoma. 85 91

Ten boys with paratesticular embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma were treated in a 44-year period. Two prognostically distinct stages of the disease and appropriate treatments are described. Children with non-infiltrating tumors (stage IA) are curable (3 patients are alive and free of tumor after 8 to 44 years) and radical orchiectomy with adjunctive radiation or, preferably, chemotherapy is adequate for these patients. Conversely, in those children with infiltrative tumors retroperitoneal nodal metastases invariably develop. Early retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy with adjuvant radiation and multidrug cyclic chemotherapy is life-saving (3 are alive and free of tumor after 2 1/2 to 4 years). However, delayed recognition and treatment of retroperitoneal disease, despite agressive therapy, is frequently disappointing--2 of 4 patients died after 2 and 6 years; another, who had advanced disease, is lost to followup and also is presumed dead and 1 is alive and free of tumor after 6 1/2 years.
 ...
PMID:Paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma in childhood. 90 55

Chromomycin A3 was given to 43 patients with metastatic cancer in order to determine the tolerable dose when the drug was administered on an every-other-day dose schedule for a total of five iv push injections, with the course of therapy being repeated every 4 weeks. At least three patients were entered at each dose level, graduated in 0.1-mg/m2 increments between 0.7 and 1.6 mg/m2. The most common (19 patients) side effect was nausea and/or vomiting, but this was usually mild, lasted for a few hours, and diminished in severity with repeated injections. Skin necrosis due to drug extravasation was a problem early in the study, but was eliminated by injecting the drug through iv tubing. Transient elevations in SGOT and alkaline phosphatase levels were observed, but proved not to be of serious consequence. Renal toxicity proved to be the limiting factor in therapy. However, a dose level of 1.3 mg/m2 was found to be a tolerable level of drug administration in previously untreated patients. Objective tumor responses were noted in four patients (Hodgkin's disease, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, adenocarcinoma of the lung, and malignant melanoma).
 ...
PMID:Phase I alternate-day dose study of chromomycin A3. 103 32

Cytogenetic analysis of two pediatric hepatoblastomas is presented, comparing results in primary tumor samples, nude mouse xenographs, and lung metastases in one case. Both tumors had trisomy 2 and 20 in the primary tumors, along with other structural abnormalities. In subsequent passages/metastases, both tumors showed structural changes in one chromosome 2, resulting in partial trisomy 2q, along with structural changes of other chromosomes. Partial trisomy 1q was also common to both tumors in late stages. Results are compared to those of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, where trisomy 2 has also been noted.
 ...
PMID:Trisomy 2 and 20 in two hepatoblastomas. 165 Nov 4

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate is a rare, highly malignant tumor that occurs predominantly in male infants and children, in whom it is the most common prostatic sarcoma. Six cases occurring in adults have been published, and the authors report three additional cases. The natural history is characterized by rapid growth, with the typical formation of large pelvic or abdominal masses, often leading renal failure due to bilateral ureteric obstruction. The tumor eventually disseminates widely, mainly to the lungs, bone, liver, and serosal surfaces, and unlike most other sarcomas, regional lymph node metastases are common. Combined modality therapy has resulted in marked improvement in survival rates and reduced surgical morbidity for children with these tumors. However, in adults the prognosis remains poor, with all patients dying of disseminated disease within 16 months of histologic diagnosis (mean survival, 8 months).
 ...
PMID:Prostatic embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in adults. A clinicopathologic review. 173 Jan 26

We studied the human embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cell line RD and 8 derivatives obtained in our laboratory either by cell cloning or by culturing in vitro cells from tumors or secondaries grown in nude mice. The expression of desmin and of the embryonic isoform of myosin and the formation of multinuclear myotube-like structures were studied as specific markers of myogenic differentiation. During continuous growth, each derivative contained a proportion (ranging from 5 to 80% among derivatives) of desmin-positive cells and a small number of myosin-positive or multinuclear elements. Cells from continuous cultures were injected intravenously in nude mice, producing lung and kidney/adrenal nodules. No correlation was found between the proportion of cells expressing desmin and metastatic capacity. When cultures were grown in differentiation medium (Dulbecco's minimal essential medium + 2% horse serum) some derivatives (designated type A) showed a strong increase in the proportion of myosin-positive cells, while others (type B) showed no increase. In vitro differentiation significantly reduced the metastatic ability of type A cells, while no modification was observed in type B after growth in differentiation medium. The proliferative ability of type A and type B cells grown in differentiation medium did not correlate with the proportion of myosin-positive cells, and extensive formation of multinuclear myotubes was never observed. It was concluded that reduction of experimental metastatic ability was mediated by events related to late, though not necessarily terminal, differentiation of rhabdomyosarcoma cells.
Invasion Metastasis 1991
PMID:Reduced metastatic ability of in vitro differentiated human rhabdomyosarcoma cells. 191 85

Sarcomas arising in the major salivary glands are rare. This article presents the clinicopathologic features of 11 patients with primary sarcomas of the parotid gland (eight men and three women aged 7 to 75 years; mean age, 42 years). The 11 sarcomas were histologically typified as follows: three malignant fibrous histiocytomas and two each of neurosarcomas, rhabdomyosarcomas, fibrosarcomas, and osteosarcomas. Four patients experienced disease recurrences, and seven patients developed metastases. Seven patients died of their sarcomas, with a mean survival time of 30 months. Four patients were alive from 5 to 12 years (one each with angiomatoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and neurosarcoma). Prognosis correlated with size of the neoplasm, type of sarcoma, and histologic grade. In this respect, salivary gland sarcomas behaved in identical fashion to their soft-tissue counterparts.
 ...
PMID:Primary sarcomas of the major salivary glands. 199 70

We report a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma present in the primary excision of an intratesticular purely mature teratoma. Testicular mature and immature teratomas are usually associated with other germ cell tumors. Nongerminal malignancies that tend to occur in gonadal and extragonadal teratomas are often epithelial. Sarcomas of all types are less frequent but embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas are encountered predominantly. This sarcomatous element can be present in the primary excision or it can appear after chemotherapy in the metastases. Usually, prognosis is dependent on the degree of aggressiveness of the sarcomatous component. A review of the literature reveals that it is unusual for an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma to develop on purely mature teratoma. We report a case in the testicle. During followup metastases arise rapidly from the purely embryonal rhabdomyosarcomatous component. The accurate diagnosis of this unusual sarcomatous component is of paramount importance because of the implications for therapy.
 ...
PMID:Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma arising in a mature teratoma of the testis: a case report. 218 21


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>