Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve autopsy cases of carcinomatosis of the bone marrow were examined clinicopathologically. Among them, 7 were gastric adenocarcinoma, and the other 5 were a rectal carcinoid and carcinomas of the lung, prostate, maxilla and kidney, respectively. The gastric cancers were almost all poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with mucin production and presented poorer prognoses than the other cancers. Leukoerythroblastic anemia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and DIC were found more frequently in the gastric cancers than in the others. It is concluded that the evolution of these critical hematologic disorders may be dependent on differences of histologic type, original focus and cancer-host interactions as well as wide-spread skeletal metastases of cancer cells.
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PMID:[Clinicopathological examination of 12 autopsy cases of carcinomatosis of the bone marrow]. 398 85

Tumour progression in 340 patients with resected gastrointestinal primary tumours was monitored using the gradual increase in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in serum. The commencement of the rise in CEA generally preceded clinical detection of the cancer by several months. The degree to which the rise in CEA correlated with the recurrence of cancer was investigated. There was a marked difference in the distribution of the rises in CEA between local tumour growth and distant metastases. CEA increases of more than 1 microgram CEA/l serum in 10 days occurred exclusively in patients with distant metastases. There was a further marked difference in the distribution of the CEA increase between the group with liver metastases and the groups with peritoneal carcinomatosis or other metastases. The site of the primary tumour had no influence on the CEA increase during formation of metastases.
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PMID:[Carcinoembryonic antigen: diagnosis and tumor progression in gastrointestinal tumors]. 407 92

The most common extrahepatic metastasis of primary carcinoma of the liver is pulmonary metastasis. The discrepancy in the incidence of metastasis between clinical and postmortem series is quite obvious. The rapidly fatal course of hepatoma, the limitations of the chest x-ray film in detecting the small implantation, and incomplete follow-up of patients lead to the lower incidence in clinical series. From January 1974 to December 1982, there were 470 cases of primary carcinoma of the liver at Taipei Municipal Jen-Ai Hospital. Among them, we found 439 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and 31 cases of cholangiocellular carcinoma. We also found 50 cases (11 percent) of hepatocellular carcinoma with pulmonary metastasis and ten cases (2 percent) of hepatocellular carcinoma with bone metastasis. Seven of the ten cases of bone metastasis were intrathoracic. Additionally, we found that it was rare to have pulmonary metastasis in cholangiocellular carcinoma; it only occurred once. Hematogenous and lymphatic spread and direct invasion are the principal ways for metastasis in primary hepatoma. Multiple nodulation and pleural effusion are the main manifestations in the chest x-ray film. Additionally, we saw lymphangitic carcinomatosis and miliary lesions in some of our patients. The common characteristic of these metastases is that most of the lesions arise from or are prominent in the right lower pulmonary field. Osteolysis appears in the patients with bone metastasis. Most of the metastases form a big protruding mass of tumor.
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PMID:Thoracic roentgenologic manifestations in primary carcinoma of the liver. 608 78

Lymphangitic carcinomatosis is usually a late manifestation of metastatic disease. The patient usually presents with cough or dyspnea, and the chest radiograph is often nondiagnostic. Two patients are presented who developed symptoms while on adjuvant chemotherapy. Both had abnormal perfusion lung scans. One had matching ventilation defects; the other a normal ventilation study. Biopsy revealed metastatic carcinoma; in one case tumor was seen in both the pulmonary lymphatics and arterioles; in technique which can speed diagnosis and institution of therapy in lymphangitic carcinomatosis.
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PMID:Perfusion lung scan: an aid in detection of lymphangitic carcinomatosis. 621 Dec 24

A prospective phase II evaluation of regional FUDR chemotherapy using a totally implantable drug infusion pump was conducted in 81 patients with colorectal metastases to the liver. The survival results were compared to a historical control group of 129 patients with isolated liver metastases. The two groups were comparable with respect to their dominant prognostic factors. The pump patients received their continuous chemotherapy on an outpatient basis and had an 88% response rate, as evidenced by a fall in their serum CEA levels by one-third or greater after two cycles of chemotherapy. By four criteria, the regional chemotherapy patients had an improved survival rate compared to the control series. First, the 1 year survival and median survival was better for the entire group of pump patients vs. controls (82% vs. 36%, 26 months vs. 8 months, p less than 0.0001). The survival for the regional chemotherapy patients was not influenced by the extent of tumor involvement, whether previous systemic 5-FU was given, or whether the patient had symptomatic disease. Second, the entire group of regional chemotherapy patients (including nonresponders) had a greater 1 year survival compared to the most favorable subgroup of control patients with the following characteristics: normal liver function tests, no symptoms, and only one lobe involved (82% vs. 66%, p = 0.009). Third, a subgroup of 49 pump patients, whose initial treatment for metastatic disease was regional chemotherapy (within 3 months of diagnosis) had a better 1 year survival than an exactly matched group of 49 control patients (67% vs. 30%, p = 0.000003). Fourth, the actuarial survival for all 81 pump patients was significantly better than predicted by a mathematical model constructed to predict the patient's clinical course based upon the seven dominant prognostic variables identified in a multifactorial analysis (82% survival at 1 year vs. 33% predicted survival). While liver metastases could be controlled in most patients, the major cause of death was tumor progression in extrahepatic sites, particularly lung metastases and abdominal carcinomatosis. Although it appears that regional chemotherapy with an implantable pump appears to prolong life by 12 to 18 months more than matched historical controls, these results must be confirmed by a randomized (phase III) prospective clinical trial.
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PMID:A prospective phase II clinical trial of continuous FUDR regional chemotherapy for colorectal metastases to the liver using a totally implantable drug infusion pump. 622 95

Cerebral and meningeal metastases are increasingly important complications in small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung. In a study at this institution, 60 evaluable patients received intensive chemotherapy without prophylactic cranial irradiation or other prophylactic measures. The complete plus partial remission rate was 78 percent with a median survival of 49+ weeks (range eight to 106+ weeks) for those with a complete response and 18+ weeks (range six to 67 weeks) for those with a partial response, all of which are comparable to other reported series. In 11 patients (18 percent) meningeal carcinomatosis has developed. Forty-two percent of the patients with a relapse have exhibited meningeal carcinomatosis and in 27 percent of the patients with a relapse it was the only site of relapse. Cerebral metastases occurred in 27 percent of those who had a relapse, and in 12 percent this was the sole site of relapse. Simultaneous meningeal carcinomatosis and cerebral metastases occurred in 8 percent of the patients with a relapse. The median time to meningeal relapse was 27 weeks (range 12 to 60 weeks) compared with 25+ weeks (six to 106+ weeks) over-all, and the median survival was 28 weeks (range 14 to 82 weeks) compared with 25+ weeks (two to 106+ weeks) for the whole group with small cell carcinoma of the lung. Meningeal involvement in small cell carcinoma of the lung must now be considered a sanctuary site of equal importance to cerebral metastases. To prevent and treat this complication will necessitate evaluation of all available modalities, including cranial and spinal irradiation, intrathecal chemotherapy and systemic agents that readily cross the blood-brain barrier.
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PMID:Meningeal carcinomatosis in small cell carcinoma of the lung. 626 85

Out of 147 exocrine cancers of the pancreas 17 (11.6%) were considered as inoperable. Extensive lesions are frequent: liver metastasis (33%) invasion of surrounding tissues (duodenum-portal vein - mesenteric vessels) 29%, regional lymph nodes metastases (25%), peritoneal carcinomatosis (13%). For these reasons, non curative operations were the most frequent: bilio-intestinal anastomosis (56.4%), exploratory laparotomy (14.9%). Our resection rate is low: 16% (21 cases), with performance of 15 pancreatico-duodenal resections (71%), 5 total pancreatectomies (24%) and 1 left pancreatic resection. We note a mortality rate of 19%: 20% four resections, 17% after palliative anastomosis. The mean survival rate was 11.5 months following pancreatico duodenal resections and 4,8 months following anastomotic procedures. No survival after 5 years is registered.
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PMID:[Pancreatic cancer. An appraisal of 147 cases (author's transl)]. 626 18

Studies of patterns of failure and causes of death have been undertaken based upon the WHO histopathologic classification. In a randomized trial of thoracic irradiation +/- chemotherapy (hydroxyurea and CCNU), patterns of failure did not seem to differ by cell type; the largest group was "death without progression." A subsequent clinical trial of thoracic irradiation +/- cranial irradiation permitted a more detailed evaluation. Patients with squamous cell carcinoma had a higher rate of local failure than distant metastasis. Those with small cell carcinoma had a lower local failure rate and a high rate of distant spread. Patients with adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma had the lowest local failure rate, but had a high rate of distant metastasis. In 300 consecutive patients with autopsies, 75 percent with squamous carcinoma died of complications of the thoracic tumor and only one-quarter had extrathoracic dissemination; 30 percent with small cell carcinoma died of local tumor complications and 70 percent had carcinomatosis; 40 percent of patients with adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma died of intrathoracic complications, and 55 percent had distant metastases. Half the patients with small cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma had brain metastases at autopsy. Future clinical trials should emphasize better control of the most common sites of failure.
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PMID:Causes of treatment failure and death in carcinoma of the lung. 627 Sep 19

An unusual case is described of pure meningeal carcinomatosis in the absence of other evidence of tumor occurring 21 years after lobectomy for a localized bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma. The metastatic disease was confined to the leptomeninges and was documented only by a cisternal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination. Four previous lumbar punctures had shown hypoglycorrachia as the only CSF abnormality.
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PMID:Meningeal carcinomatosis 21 years following bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma: diagnosis by cisternal CSF examination. 627 1

We compared and contrasted intracranial (i.c.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) heterotransplantation of small-cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL) into athymic nude mice. Fresh human SCCL tumor specimens, tumor colonies grown in soft agarose and continuous cell lines were used. Tumors induced by the three types of specimens were similar, but s.c. and i.c. transplants differed. S.c. tumors had longer latent times, were non-invasive and non-lethal. I.c. tumors has shorter latent periods, invariably grew in the meninges, frequently invaded and destroyed the underlying brain, and were lethal. The tumor-inducing dose for i.c. transplantation was 10 to 1,000 times lower than for s.c. transplantation. Pooled colonies of SCCL tumor specimens grown in soft agarose were inoculated i.c. While they contained relatively small numbers of cells (400-10,000), 83% of these colony specimens induced tumors after 58-243 days, confirming the "stem-cell" origin of the colonies. I.c. and s.c. transplants retained the characteristic morphology of SCCL, and, with one exception, did not metastasize to distant organs. Continuous cell lines could be established readily from both types of transplants, and they retained the characteristic cytology, growth and biochemical properties of the original SCCL tumors. I.c. heterotransplantation of SCCL is a useful tool, especially when small numbers of tumor cells are available, and may provide a model to study the biology and therapy of meningeal carcinomatosis.
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PMID:Heterotransplantation of small-cell carcinoma of the lung into nude mice: comparison of intracranial and subcutaneous routes. 627


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