Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have used a transplantable murine adenocarcinoma of renal origin (Renca) introduced to the abdomen by i.p. injection of a tumor cell suspension, to study the therapeutic potential of adoptive immunotherapy and/or biological response modifiers (BRMs). This tumor model is therapeutically challenging since the tumor grows progressively resulting in extensive peritoneal carcinomatosis, with hemorrhagic ascites, metastases to abdominal lymph nodes, liver, most serous membranes, spleen, and in some animals, pulmonary metastases. Without therapy, death occurs invariably in 36 +/- 3 days. In vitro, the tumor is lysed by lymphocytes obtained from the peritoneal cavity of mice treated with human recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) and by cytotoxic lymphocytes stimulated by in vitro culture with human rIL-2. Treatment of i.p. Renca with a single i.p. injection of the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), or adoptive transfer of in vitro stimulated cytotoxic lymphocytes together with rIL-2 cured 50% and 20% of the tumor-bearing mice, respectively. In contrast, combined therapy with DOX and adoptive transfer of in vitro stimulated cytotoxic lymphocytes and rIL-2 cured the majority (90%) of tumor-bearing mice. These results suggest that administration of immunotherapy with in vitro activated cytotoxic cells together with human rIL-2 substantially enhances the effectiveness of chemotherapy.
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PMID:Treatment of adenocarcinoma in the peritoneum of mice: chemoimmunotherapy with IL-2-stimulated cytotoxic lymphocytes as a model for treatment of minimal residual disease. 348 15

A case of primary mucinous carcinoid tumor of the ovary occurring in a 37-year-old woman is described. The tumor, which replaced the left ovary, was accompanied by metastases in the contralateral ovary and para-aortic lymph nodes. Careful investigations excluded metastatic origin of the tumor. The tumor was solid, but contained an epidermoid cyst. There were no other teratomatous elements. The patient was treated with combination chemotherapy. A second-look operation 9 months following diagnosis revealed extensive microscopic involvement of the peritoneal cavity. The patient's condition deteriorated and she died 1 year after diagnosis. Detailed autopsy revealed peritoneal, pleural, lymphatic, and bone marrow carcinomatosis, but no evidence of a primary tumor elsewhere. Microscopic, ultrastructural, and immunocytochemical findings are described. It is considered that primary mucinous carcinoid tumor of the ovary represents a specific histopathologic entity. Unlike other types of primary ovarian carcinoid tumors, it behaves as an aggressive malignant neoplasm.
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PMID:Primary mucinous carcinoid tumor of the ovary. 352 96

With loco-regional chemotherapy high local concentration of antineoplastic products can be achieved without systemic toxicity. However local toxicity and technical problems are frequent and limit its use. Intra arterial chemotherapy (IAC) is interesting when the drugs used have a high total body clearance. One of the best indication of IAC is the intra-hepatic chemotherapy with anthracyclin for hepatocellularcarcinoma (40-60% objective response) and metastatic carcinoid. Among other IAC the IA limbs perfusions for soft tissue sarcoma have given interesting results. Chemoembolization with lipiodol and/or gelfoam mixed with anthracyclin is an interesting field of investigation in liver tumor and metastases. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy is used essentially for peritoneal carcinomatosis from ovarian origin and gives some positive results. However, intra peritoneal Adriamycin is not well tolerated and other anthracyclines are to be investigated.
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PMID:[Importance of locoregional chemotherapy by anthracyclines]. 355 Jun 7

The differential diagnosis of multiple cranial nerve palsies in patients with cancer includes meningeal infections, meningeal carcinomatosis, and skull base metastases. In distinguishing these, spinal fluid analysis and skull base tomography should be helpful in most cases. In circumstances when results of skull base tomography are negative, radionuclide bone scans can demonstrate metastatic disease in the base of the skull, and it should be obtained in all patients who are highly suspicious for having skull base metastasis with negative skull base tomography, including computed tomography (CT).
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PMID:The diagnosis of skull base metastases by radionuclide bone scan. 356 52

The diagnosis of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis (ISM) is difficult, and treatment is usually ineffective. We review our own experience with ISM as well as the pertinent medical literature, and suggest a practical diagnostic and therapeutic approach. The problem of the diagnosis of ISM is essentially that of the differential diagnosis of a noncompressive myelopathy in a patient with systemic cancer. Most such patients prove to have ISM, meningeal carcinomatosis, radiation myelopathy, or paraneoplastic necrotizing myelopathy. Neurologic features of value in this differential diagnosis are pain, the tempo and mode of progression of symptoms, and tumor cells in the spinal fluid. Oncologic features of value are the location of the primary tumor, the past exposure to therapeutic radiation, cerebral metastases, and the extent of systemic metastatic disease. The myelogram in ISM is either normal or nonspecifically abnormal; therefore, the diagnosis must be made on clinical grounds. Although no single finding is diagnostic of ISM, a careful clinical analysis will lead to the correct diagnosis in most cases. Radiation therapy is effective treatment for ISM, but only if it is administered early, before paraplegia supervenes. Thus, the diagnosis should be made and treatment begun as soon as possible. Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis is often multifocal rather than solitary; therefore, whole-cord rather than local spinal radiation should be given, if possible. If local radiotherapy is chosen, the construction of the portal can be based on the myelogram or, in the event of a normal study, on the clinical localization of the tumor.
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PMID:Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations. 357 64

Peritoneal carcinomatosis, a common spreading of human colon carcinoma, can be obtained by intraperitoneal injection of colon tumor cells in rats. When BDIX rats are injected with 10(6) syngeneic tumor cells, isolated and cloned from a chemically induced colon carcinoma, they die within 2-3 months with solid peritoneal tumors and hemorrhagic ascites. Repeated intraperitoneal injections of 20 micrograms endotoxins (Escherichia coli W0128:B12) from day 3 after tumor cell challenge inhibited tumor growth. This effect was long-lasting since 7 out of 10 treated rats were still alive and tumor-free 6 months after tumor cell challenge. When the endotoxins were administered from day 15 after the tumor cell challenge, in rats with established tumors visible with the naked eye, the survival times were significantly increased, and 6 out of 30 treated rats were still alive and tumor-free 6 months after tumor cell challenge. The optimum effect was obtained with 5 repeated injections. The different frequencies of injection tested, i.e. 1, 3 or 5 days apart were equally effective. Endotoxins were ineffective when administered intravenously. No side effect was observed.
Invasion Metastasis 1987
PMID:Treatment with endotoxins of peritoneal carcinomatosis induced by colon tumor cells in the rat. 358 23

A review of 255 patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma revealed that metastases consistent with Stage IV disease developed in 97 patients (38.0%) at some time during the natural history of their disease. Malignant pleural effusions developed in 63 patients (24.7%), and their median survival (from the time of diagnosis of the effusion) was 6 months. Parenchymal liver metastases developed in 24 patients (9.4%; median survival, 5 months); parenchymal lung metastases in 18 patients (7.1%; median survival, 8 months); distant lymph node metastases in 18 patients (7.1%; median survival, 9 months); subcutaneous nodules in nine patients (3.5%; median survival, 12 months); a malignant pericardial effusion in six patients (2.4%; median survival, 2.3 months); central nervous system metastases in five patients (2%; median survival, 1.3 months); and bone metastases in four patients (1.6%; median survival, 4 months). Patients with Stage IV disease at the time of diagnosis had a median survival of 9.1 months, while patients with a delayed occurrence of distant metastases had a median survival of only 4 months from the time of diagnosis of the distant metastases. Significant risk factors for distant metastases were malignant ascites, peritoneal carcinomatosis, large metastatic disease within the abdomen, and retroperitoneal lymph node involvement at the time of the initial surgery. The significance of positive retroperitoneal nodes and bulky upper abdominal disease has important therapeutic implications.
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PMID:Distant metastases in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. 362 Nov 29

The ability of RPMI 4788 cells, a human colon cancer cell line, to produce experimental metastases in the lung, intraperitoneal cavity, and liver was studied in nude mice. Injection of 2 X 10(6) tumor cells into the tail vein of nude mice produced metastatic lung tumors, and an intraportal injection of 5 X 10(6) cells produced metastatic liver tumors. An intraabdominal carcinomatosis with ascites was formed after an i.p. injection of 5 X 10(6) tumor cells. The nude mice with lung metastasis or intraabdominal carcinomatosis always died within a few weeks. Macroscopic observation showed that the number of lung metastatic nodules on day 21 after tumor inoculation was 311.3 +/- 78.2 (mean +/- SD) in BALB/C nude mice, and 187.5 +/- 26.7 in ICR nude mice. In survival experiments, the mice with intraabdominal carcinomatosis showed a mean survival of 29.0 +/- 1.7 (mean +/- SD) days in BALB/C nude mice and 43.6 +/- 6.1 days in ICR nude mice. These novel experimental models of metastases in nude mice produced by injection of RPMI4788 cells had high reproducibility and may be useful not only for the study of the metastatic process but also for testing anticancer drugs.
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PMID:Novel experimental models of human cancer metastasis in nude mice: lung metastasis, intraabdominal carcinomatosis with ascites, and liver metastasis. 368 Mar 63

Tumor ploidy was determined by flowcytometry (FCM) in paraffin-embedded tissue of 74 patients with advanced ovarian cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] 2B, 3, 4). Significant differences in survival and progression-free survival were found between classes of tumor ploidy as well as for several clinical parameters, including FIGO stage, histologic grade, diameter of the largest metastases, presence of ascites, peritoneal carcinomatosis, and size of residual tumor. In a Cox regression analysis, tumor ploidy and presence or absence of ascites were the only significant factors for survival, whereas ascites and residual tumor proved to be the significant parameters for progression-free survival. Tumor ploidy was strongly associated with tumor bulk, size of residual tumor, and histologic grade. Tumor ploidy was the same within different tumor sites in the majority of the cases. On the basis of these findings tumor ploidy is considered to be a major prognostic factor for survival in advanced ovarian cancer.
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PMID:Tumor ploidy as a major prognostic factor in advanced ovarian cancer. 380 18

A case of meningeal carcinomatosis due to metastasizing basal cell carcinoma is reported. The patient was a 34-year-old woman who had a recurrent basal cell carcinoma of the upper eyelid with deep invasion. In spite of extensive surgery and radiotherapy, multiple bone metastases developed, and the patient eventually died of meningeal carcinomatosis. The possible pathogenic mechanisms of meningeal the present case, cancer cells reached the leptomeninges from adjacent vertebral metastases. It is suggested that the possibility of meningeal carcinomatosis should be considered in every patient with cancer and multiple vertebral metastases, particularly when neurologic signs involving the brain, cranial nerves, or spinal nerves are present.
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PMID:Meningeal carcinomatosis due to basal cell carcinoma. 398 79


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