Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Inflammatory carcinoma of the breast accounts for only 1-6% of mammary cancer in Caucasian women and is characterized by a poor prognosis; distant metastases frequently appear in fact in an early stage of disease and moreover metastatic spreading follows unpredictable ways. In this study we report on a case of a female patient in whom persistent signs of increased intracranial pressure, following the diagnosis of inflammatory carcinoma of the breast, have been referable to the tumour seeding the meninges in the absence of systemic disease. This peculiar and unusual form of neoplasia is up today a challenge for the clinician, both because of therapeutic difficulty and of unexpected metastases which, in turn, worsen the prognosis. Particularly, in our opinion, meningeal localization must be suspected even in the absence of distant metastases.
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PMID:[Meningeal carcinosis: early clinical manifestations of inflammatory cancer of the breast]. 747 76

A subcutaneously transplantable meningeal tumour (MM-KMY) was derived from a spontaneous malignant meningioma which developed in the cerebellar meninges of a female F344 rat. MM-KMY was subjected to 25 serial passages in syngeneic male and female rats. The transplants grew in 8 weeks into a nodule with an average diameter of 5.7 cm and average weight of 125.2 g. MM-KMY possessed large cysts containing fluid and necrotic tissue. Metastases frequently occurred in the lungs of MM-KMY-bearing rats. Histologically, both the original tumour and MM-KMY consisted of round to fusiform neoplastic cells of varying size, with nuclear pleomorphism. Mitotic figures occurred frequently. MM-KMY cells were positive for vimentin. Ultrastructurally, the cells showed desmosome-like structures, interdigitating processes and cytoplasmic intermediate filaments, suggesting an arachnoid cell origin. Abnormal accumulations of hyaline droplets in renal tubular epithelial cells were frequently observed in MM-KMY-bearing rats, suggesting overload of low molecular proteins in the renal tubules. The droplets gave a faint immunoreaction for lysozyme. The relation between the appearance of renal tubular hyaline droplets and the growth of MM-KMY remains to be determined. MM-KMY may prove useful for studying the biological behaviour and morphogenesis of meningeal tumours.
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PMID:Biological behaviour and morphological characteristics of a transplantable tumour (MM-KMY) derived from a malignant meningioma in an F344 rat. 753 Jul 32

The internal auditory canal (IAC) is a bony canal that contains nerves and vessels and is lined by meninges. Pathologic processes may arise from each of these structures. Congenital, developmental, and acquired pathologic conditions may involve the bone of the canal and lead to excessive narrowing or expansion. Lesions formed within the canal include hemangiomas, vascular malformations, and inflammatory and neoplastic processes arising from the facial and acoustic nerves and meninges. Finally, other rare lesions, such as choristomas and metastases, may occur within the IAC, which are not related to its normal content. High-definition computed tomography, MR imaging, and MR angiography allow diagnoses of IAC or cerebellopontine-angle cistern lesions, some of which could not be identified by older techniques.
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PMID:The internal auditory canal revisited. The high-definition approach. 767 63

Response rates of over 50% can be achieved in patients with metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy. With prolonged survival, intraparenchymal brain metastases may occur in as many as 12% of patients who received methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (M-VAC) chemotherapy. Meningeal carcinomatosis from urothelial cancer is rare, however. A 71-year-old man, with metastatic, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, attained an excellent partial response to M-VAC chemotherapy. He subsequently presented with an acute confusional state 6 months after diagnosis. Head computed tomographic studies were nondiagnostic. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance images (MRI), however, demonstrated multifocal 1-cm nodules in the brain parenchyma and enhancement of the meninges. Meningeal carcinomatosis was confirmed by lumbar puncture. Records of 40 patients with advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder treated with chemotherapy between 1977 and 1992 at a cancer center were reviewed retrospectively for the occurrence of documented meningeal carcinomatosis, intraparenchymal brain metastases, or both. Among 13 responders, only 1 other patient, a 64-year-old man, was identified who had minimal metastatic disease and attained a complete response to methotrexate and cisplatin. The patient relapsed 2 years after response, with cerebellar metastases and meningeal carcinomatosis. Central nervous system (CNS) metastases in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder are unusual. Although parenchymal brain metastases may be more common after prolonged remissions induced by combination chemotherapy, meningeal carcinomatosis remains uncommon. MRI may be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of CNS metastases. A high index of clinical suspicion for the occurrence of CNS metastases from transitional cell carcinoma is encouraged.
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PMID:Meningeal carcinomatosis from transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. 831 86

Hemangiopericytomas of the meninges, classified previously as angioblastic meningiomas, have a propensity to recur either locally or at distant sites within the nervous system after surgical resection. Visceral metastases also develop much more commonly in these lesions than in other types of histologically benign meningiomas. The radiosurgical gamma knife was used to treat five patients with 11 meningeal hemangiopericytomas (seven new, two recurrent, and two residual tumors) after surgical resection of an initially solitary intracranial lesion. Three patients had undergone multiple craniotomies and radiation therapy before referral, and two patients underwent a second radiosurgical procedure for lesions that appeared between 5 and 13 months after the first treatment session. Dramatic tumor shrinkage occurred in most patients within 6 to 10 months after treatment. The only treatment-related morbidity in this series was a partial visual-field defect in one patient with a large falx-tentorial junction hemangiopericytoma who had previously undergone radiation therapy. Radiosurgery appears to cause dramatic early shrinkage of small and medium-sized intracranial hemangiopericytomas that have recurred or developed after previous surgery and/or radiation therapy.
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PMID:Radiosurgical treatment of recurrent hemangiopericytomas of the meninges: preliminary results. 848 72

An intracranial malignant teratoma was identified in a 91-day-old male Wistar rat manifesting central nervous system-related clinical signs. This tumor occupied the right midbrain and portions of the right caudal cerebrum and cranioventral cerebellum. Microscopically, the tumor contained intermingled cartilage, bone (with medullary hematopoietic tissue), fibrous connective tissue, skeletal muscle, fat, pseudostratified ciliated epithelium, stratified squamous epithelium, serous and mucoserous glands, and neural tissue with ependymal and choroid plexus epithelia. Poorly differentiated cells with primitive cartilaginous matrix were present throughout the lining of lateral ventricles, in the aqueduct of Sylvius, and in meninges overlying normal cerebellar tissue indicating tumor metastasis occurred via cerebrospinal fluid. This neoplasm was not identified in extracranial sites and hence was considered a primary intracranial malignant teratoma with metastases via cerebrospinal fluid.
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PMID:Malignant intracranial teratoma in a juvenile Wistar rat. 881 53

We describe the case of a 16-year-old boy with idiopathic hydrocephalus, who developed cranial subdural hygromas and subsequent cranial subdural hemorrhage after a shunting procedure. Sciatica and radicular lumbar pain initially seemed to be unrelated to the proceeding implantation of a ventriculoatrial shunt. CT scan revealed a sharply demarcated hyperdensity in the lumbar subdural space with compression of the cauda equina. Differential diagnosis considerations included vascular malformations, vascular tumors, benign tumors of meninges or nerve sheets, ependymoma, lymphoma, and metastases. MR investigation did, in fact, clearly recognize this hyperintense space-occupying lesion as blood in the subdural space which outlined the cauda equina. We believe that the spinal subdural hematoma in our case represented an extension of intracranial subdural haemorrhage fluid into the spinal subdural space.
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PMID:Subdural hemorrhage of the cauda equina. A rare complication of cerebrospinal fluid shunt. Case report. 883 11

Malignant melanoma arises from melanocytes, dendritic cells of neural crest origin. Melanocytes occur within the basal layers of the epidermis, mucous membranes, retina and uveal structures of the eye and the meninges. Rarely, they may also occur in the bladder, adrenal medulla and ovaries. These melanomas metastasise widely and metastases in the oral mucosa have been seen in about 3% of patients with cutaneous melanoma, and can complicate the healing of extraction sites. This paper presents a case of malignant melanoma of the mandible.
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PMID:Extraction site healing complicated by neoplasia. 894 29

Cancer cells as well as bacteria metastasize to the subarachnoidal space (SAS) causing meningitis. Primary brain tumors, although not forming distant metastases, disseminate via the cerebrospinal fluid and occupy the meninges. The multistep process of cancer or bacterial dissemination is regulated through molecular crosstalk between invaders and host cells. Such crosstalks establish invasion-promoter and invasion-suppressor complexes. In carcinomatous and bacterial meningitis, the participation of host cells is prominent since leukocytes and inflammatory cytokines are the major determinants of malignancy. We propose a model in which bacterial breakdown products activate endothelial cells, a process leading to leukocyte extravasation. This initiates a cascade of inflammatory processes opening up the blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier and producing access for new invaders.
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PMID:Cellular and molecular mechanisms of metastasis as applied to carcinomatous meningitis. 969 58

The authors present the first reported case of a hemangiopericytoma (HPC) occurring in the third ventricle. Most of these lesions are based in the meninges. There is only one other reported case of an intraventricular HPC; in that case the lesion was found in the lateral ventricle. A 40-year-old right-handed man presented with a 3-month history of headaches. Clinical evaluation, including computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging studies, revealed a 1-cm enhancing lesion in the third ventricle. Given the findings on the preoperative imaging studies, the lesion was not consistent with some of the more commonly occurring tumors of the third ventricle, namely colloid cysts. A transcortical approach and resection of the lesion was performed without complication. The final pathological findings were consistent with those of an HPC. Hemangiopericytomas rarely occur in the ventricles and may pose a difficult diagnostic dilemma based on their radiographic and gross appearances, as shown in this case. Because of this difficulty, histological confirmation is required to make a definitive diagnosis. These lesions have a propensity to recur and metastasize in the central nervous system and periphery, thus making the goal of treatment a complete surgical resection followed by postoperative radiation therapy in most cases.
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PMID:Hemangiopericytoma of the third ventricle. Case report. 1038 3


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