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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This investigation was based on an epidemiologic association of milk consumption and decreased intestinal cancer risk. Furthermore, there is also some indirect evidence that calcium supplementation in humans and animals may decrease colon cancer risk and that calcium, by inference, may be the protective factor in milk. In order to investigate these associations in a controlled laboratory setting, dietary supplementation of low fat dried milk (37 g/kg diet; N = 18) and calcium carbonate (40 mg/kg rat/day; N = 17) were compared separately to regular diet controls in the rat-dimethylhydrazine colon carcinogenesis model. The results of this investigation showed that neither milk-supplemented rats nor calcium carbonate-supplemented rats had fewer DMH-induced colorectal (P = .374) or total gastrointestinal tumors (P = .291) than did regular diet controls (N = 10; by analysis of variance [ANOVA]). Milk supplementation did result in a significant decrease in tumor burden when measured by incidence of metastases (P = .035) and of intestinal obstruction (P = .011; by chi-square test), when compared with calcium-supplemented and control rats. Though this implies that milk supplementation provides protection against some aspects of carcinogenesis of the colon, in rats fed low fat diets, this does not appear to be mediated through the calcium content of milk.
Dis Colon Rectum 1987 Dec
PMID:The effect of dietary milk and calcium on experimental colorectal carcinogenesis. 369 Dec 67

A retrospective review of 176 patients with adenocarcinoma of the colon who underwent total colonoscopy preoperatively demonstrated synchronous carcinomas in 3.4 percent and synchronous polyps in 55.1 percent. Full-column barium enemas (68 patients) failed to identify cancer in 22 percent of patients and synchronous polyps in 58 percent of patients, a statistically significant (P less than 0.001) number of false-negative examinations. Double-contrast barium enemas (30 patients) failed to identify cancer in 27 percent of patients and synchronous polyps in 42 percent of patients, also a statistically significant (P less than 0.007) number of false-negative examinations. Full column and air contrast barium enemas identified all index cancers with distant metastases. Air-contrast barium enemas failed to identify 40 percent of "early" index cancers (confined to the bowel wall, negative nodes), and full-column barium enemas failed to identify 32 percent. The incidence of synchronous carcinoma and polyps underscores the need for total colon evaluation when a primary carcinoma is detected. Because of the poor accuracy of barium studies, total colonoscopy is the method of choice for this evaluation.
Dis Colon Rectum 1986 May
PMID:The role of colonoscopy in the assessment of patients with colorectal cancer. 369 53

Adjuvant postoperative radiation therapy has been suggested for adenocarcinoma of the rectum and sigmoid colon to reduce the incidence of local recurrences. Determination of this incidence is necessary to optimally employ such adjuvant therapies. Ninety-nine patients with adenocarcinoma of the rectum or sigmoid who had surgery from 1976-1984 were reviewed. Follow-up ranged from one to eight years (average 4.1 years). Twenty-three patients had gross unresected residual tumor due to local invasion. Fifteen of the remaining 76 have developed recurrences (20 percent). Two patients (2.6 percent) had local recurrences without concurrent regional or distant metastases. Thus local recurrences rarely are encountered without concurrent regional or distant metastases. Therefore, postoperative radiation therapy to prevent local recurrences is not justified, given the small number of patients potentially benefited. Treatment modalities will need to address regional and distant metastases in addition to local recurrences.
Dis Colon Rectum 1986 May
PMID:Local recurrence of adenocarcinoma of the rectosigmoid. Is postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy justified? 369 56

From 1968 to 1982, 195 patients with invasive cancer of the anal canal were treated (average age, 67 +/- 11 years; range, 38 to 85 years; sex ratio [women/men]: 5/1). Histology revealed: cloacogenic cancer, 20 cases; squamous cancer, poorly differentiated, 30; moderately differentiated, 68; well differentiated, 77. The initial size of the cloacogenic cancers was smaller than the squamous cancers. Invasion less than half the circumference of the canal was 90 and 74 percent, respectively. No patients with cloacogenic cancer presented with positive inguinal nodes; however, there were 22 unilateral and five bilateral positive nodes in the squamous cancers. All 195 patients received radiotherapy as the first treatment. There were no differences among the patients operated on with respect to sterilized operative specimens, postradiotherapy sequelae, perineal recurrences, and/or visceral metastases in the cloacogenic and squamous cancers. Five-year survival was better in cloacogenic (62 percent) than in squamous cancers (56 percent); this difference was not significant, and was related to the initial size of the tumor. The number of patients with no evidence of disease and good anal function was significantly related to the initial size of the tumor, and was independent of the histologic findings.
Dis Colon Rectum 1986 May
PMID:Prognosis of cloacogenic and squamous cancers of the anal canal. 369 57

A prospective study was done on 34 patients using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) preoperatively to stage patients with known rectal carcinoma. The study was done to determine the accuracy and clinical usefulness of CT and MRI. The Thoeni staging method was used. Twenty-four of 30 cases were staged correctly by CT. Sixteen of 27 were staged correctly by MRI. CT detected lymph node metastases in six of 15 cases with one false-positive. MRI detected lymph node metastases in two of 15 patients with one false-positive. CT was the preferred examination, and was useful in some cases. These cases included patients with small tumors who were considered for local excision and patients with extensive disease who were candidates for preoperative or intraoperative radiation treatment. MRI demonstrated extensive disease, as did CT in our later cases.
Dis Colon Rectum 1986 Jul
PMID:Preoperative staging of rectal carcinoma by computed tomography and 0.15T magnetic resonance imaging. Preliminary report. 372 Apr 56

Invasion of the trachea by thyroid carcinoma is best managed by resection with airway reconstruction. Localized extension of tumor may also require esophageal resection or radical resection including laryngectomy with mediastinal tracheostomy. Twenty-two patients (12 with papillary, 3 with follicular, 4 with mixed papillary and follicular, and 3 with undifferentiated carcinoma) underwent resection--16 with airway reconstruction and 6 with cervicomediastinal en bloc resection with mediastinal tracheostomy. Eleven had prior thyroidectomy. Ten of those having airway restitution required cylindrical tracheal resection, 5 had resection of trachea with a portion of the larynx, and 1 had wedge resection. Three undergoing laryngotracheal resection also needed esophagectomy. Colon reconstruction was used. Fifteen of the 16 having airway reconstruction had good surgical results with speech preservation. One died of complications due to prior irradiation. One of 6 undergoing radical resection died postoperatively. Six of the 20 survivors died of recurrence in 1 2/3 to 9 years, and 2 others died of other diseases. Three who had known pulmonary metastases at the time of palliative operation are alive between 2 and 3 2/3 years postoperatively, and a fourth who has pulmonary metastases is alive 6 1/6 years later. Eight patients are alive without disease from 1/12 to 8 3/4 years. Only two patients had airway recurrence. Resection and primary reconstruction of the trachea invaded by carcinoma of the thyroid should be done in the absence of extensive metastases when technically feasible. It offers prolonged palliation, avoidance of suffocation due to bleeding or obstruction, and an opportunity for cure. In carefully selected patients with massive regional involvement, radical excision with laryngectomy and esophagectomy is also appropriate.
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PMID:Resectional management of airway invasion by thyroid carcinoma. 375 77

Two cases of carcinoma in Crohn's disease of the colon are reported. One patient was a 30-year-old man who had asymptomatic Crohn's ileocolitis resulting in an acute presentation due to toxic dilatation of the colon. This was preceded by a short prodromal period of four weeks, characterized by intermittent diarrhea on the basis of a coloileal tumor fistula. A mucus-secreting adenocarcinoma was present in the sigmoid colon associated with both adjacent and one nearby focus of high-grade mucosal dysplasia. Pelvic wall and abdominal metastases were present, and the patient died two months later. The other patient was a 60-year-old woman who had a nine-year history of biopsy-proven Crohn's proctocolitis. A stricture of the sigmoid colon due to Crohn's disease also harbored an invasive adenocarcinoma. The carcinoma was not evident preoperatively or on initial gross pathologic examination. The presentation and pathology of large intestinal carcinoma in Crohn's colitis are discussed and illustrated.
Dis Colon Rectum 1986 Nov
PMID:Carcinoma in Crohn's disease of the colon. 376 96

A case of hepatomegalia due to multiple metastases of unknown origin to the liver is described. At autopsy the primary tumor, an adenocarcinoid tumor of the appendix, was identified along with multiple metastases to the lymph nodes and widespread peritoneal carcinoidosis. Hepatic metastases from an appendiceal adenocarcinoid tumor has not been described previously. In the liver and lymph nodes the tumor had an insular growth pattern and was composed predominantly of cells of carcinoid type, whereas the carcinoidosis was composed almost entirely of signet-ring cells. It is suggested that differentiation of the metastases of appendiceal adenocarcinoids is modulated by factors in the recipient organ.
Dis Colon Rectum 1987 Feb
PMID:Adenocarcinoid of the appendix presenting with metastases to the liver. 380 15

A case report of a rectal carcinoma metastasizing to the penis is reviewed along with a total of 44 similar cases reported in the world literature. Pertinent arguments are presented in favor of yet another possible route of metastases, namely the perineural route, which has not been considered previously. Cavernosography provides valuable information about the extent of tumor spread; used more often, it would lead to recognition of the rare opportunity when an aggressive surgical approach might achieve prolonged survival.
Dis Colon Rectum 1987 Feb
PMID:Involvement of the penis by rectocolic adenocarcinoma. Report of a case and review of the literature. 380 18

Osseous metastases to the hand are rare. The primary site is usually in the lung, breast, or kidney. Two cases of metastatic tumor in the hand from adenocarcinoma of the colon are reported herein. These patients presented two and four years after initial resections of colonic carcinomas. General aspects of diagnosis, etiology, and management are discussed.
Dis Colon Rectum 1987 Feb
PMID:Metastatic tumors in the hand from adenocarcinoma of the colon. 380 22


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