Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the pre-treatment work-up in breast carcinoma cases the bone scan findings could be of major interest. If the presence of occult metastases is discovered management may be modified accordingly. In a group involving 78 cases of breast carcinoma, classified as primary, operable, in three cases only scintigraphy revealed bone metastases before they produced clinical and radiological signs. In two of them there was agreement, in one disagreement over the findings. Moreover, in 5 cases a bone metastasis was revealed and immediately confirmed on a complete bone assessment.
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PMID:[Isotopic bone examination in operable breast cancer]. 60 4

Bone marrow acid phosphatase has been reported to be a sensitive indicator of early bony metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the prostate. In order to evaluate this hypothesis, we measured bone marrow acid and alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase, and calcium levels in a group of 84 patients with a variety of problems, including 18 with cancer of the prostate. We found that the bone marrow acid and alkaline phosphatase and lactic dehydrogenase were elevated and calcium was depressed in most patients. Among patients with prostate cancer, bone marrow acid phosphatase was not significantly different between those with or without bone metastases. In addition, the patients with prostatic cancer did not have higher levels of bone marrow acid phosphatase than subjects with other malignant and nonmalignant conditions. The level of acid and alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase and calcium varied predictably with the aspiration technique used and was independent of sex, disease state or method of chemical determination. Due to this variation, we believe that bone marrow enzyme and calcium levels are of no value in the detection of metastases in patients with prostate cancer.
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PMID:Lack of usefulness of bone marrow enzymes and calcium in staging patients with prostatic cancer. 63 3

Bone scans were performed in 170 patients with widespread breast cancer and metastases which were confirmed by the clinical course. In 82% a positive x-ray and in 95% a positive bone scan could be demonstrated. In 43 patients without bone metastases the ratio of false positive scans was 5%. Seventeen out of 50 patients with early cancer had abnormal scans. In 12 cases there were metastases proven by follow-up of at least 18 months. Assuming an incidence of 25% for bone metastases in patients with early breast cancer, bone scans with a sensitivity and specificity of 95% will be valid in staging. To validate this high incidence we investigated a second group of 97 patients with early cancer in a prospective study: in only 3 cases there was an abnormal scan. Using this low incidence bone scanning is calculated to be not valid for staging of breast cancer.
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PMID:[Staging of patients with carcinoma of the breast by bone scans? [author's transl)]. 65 85

Serum calcitonin war within normal range in 11 patients with benign breast tumour. In cases with local malignant breast tumour increased calcitonin was found in 25 per cent (4/16), in cases with regional metastases in 40 per cent (2/5), and in cases with osteolytic bone metastases in 77 per cent (10/13). Two patients with osteosclerotic bone metastases had low calcitonin concentration. It is suggested that increased calcitonin in mammary carcinoma is a physiologic response to osteolytic bone metastases.
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PMID:Increased serum calcitonin in patients with mammary carcinoma. 71 39

Employing the Siemens Scintimat II, a skeletal scintigraphy was successfully appled in the early detection, localisation and delineation of bone metastases to the knee from rhabdomyosarcoma of the right pectoral region. However repeated radiographs of the knee continued to be negative. As all other treatment approach of the painful knee: physiotherapy (short wave diathermy) had failed to produce relief, radiotherapy was applied as a last resort; the swelling regressed and the pain disappeared. This was indicative of the positive detection of early rhabdomyosarcoma metastases to be bones as a positive scan is seen in all areas of bone accretion whether malignancy is present or not.
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PMID:Tc 99m bone scanning in early detection of rhabdomyosarcoma metastases. A case report. 75 62

In order to produce viable metastases, the neoplastic cells must first be able to survive in the fluid system that they attain and that transport them. An important circumstance that has escaped the attention of most observers is the fact that the establishment of metastatic colonies is favored by the sluggish transportation of the detached neoplastic cells. Such leisurely transport is provided by lymphatic channels and peritoneal fluid; in the peritoneal cavity, the favorable circumstance aids the spread of relatively benign tumors such as pseudomyxoma peritonei and ovarian adenomas. In the blood, the slow transport is assured only by the venous access to the vertebral vein system; this avenue to blood-borne spread is particularly favorable to well differentiated tumors with a slow rate of growth and explains the widespread bone metastases from tumors with a low degree of malignancy, such as well differentiated adenocarcinomas of the thyroid and prostate. In contrast, neoplastic cells that enter the swift arterial circulation from the left heart are not often successfully implanted, in spite of their high degree of malignancy, and more often perish. Otherwide, we should observe a greater number of metastases in the small bones of the wrists and hands and of the ankles and feet, where the arterial circulation would bring them.
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PMID:Pathways of metastatic spread of malignant tumors. 84 47

Quantitative regional measurements of the distribution of a bone seeking radiopharmaceutical is performed easily together with a bone scan using a scintillation camera. Comparative measurements of regional radioactivities yield a ratio of relative uptake. The time change of such a relative uptake ratio is obtained by repeating the regional comparison measurements after a 4--8 weeks interval. The time change of the relative uptake ratio was found to be a clinically useful parameter in the follow-up of skeletal diseases. A decrease in the relative uptake ratio was found with healing fractures, with receding osteomyelitis and during radiation therapy of bone metastases; an increase was observed with spreading metastases, developing osteomyelitis, developing pseudathrosis, and in the beginning of normal fracture healing.
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PMID:[Relative uptake of 99mTc-diphosphate and its temporal change in bone diseases]. 84 64

The levels of IgG, IgA and IgM were followed in 93 patients with metastases of various tumors in the liver, bones, lymph nodes, lungs and with the generalization of tumor in multiple organs. A significant increase of IgG was noted in those patients where liver, bones and lymph nodes were involved, compared to other tumor groups as well as with the values considered as normal range. A significant rise of the IgA class was observed in patients with liver metastases compared to cases with the generalization of tumor. In all groups the mean levels were scattered above the upper limit of normal values. The mean levels of IgM class did not exceed the upper normal limit, but in the group of bone metastases a significant rise was noted compared with the group of generalized tumors.
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PMID:Serum immunoglobulin levels in cancer patients. III. Immunoglobulin levels and metastases of malignant tumors. 86 47

Bone scans with 99mtechnetium diphosphonate were performed on 2 patients with gynecomastia induced by diethylstilbestrol therapy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Neither patient had evidence of bone metastases but both scans revealed increased isotope concentration over the anterior rib cage at the lateral margin of the chest wall, corresponding in location to the hypertrophic breasts. This observation may be related to similar radionuclide uptake in normal and abnormal female breasts. One should not mistake the finding of gynecomastia for metastases of the ribs.
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PMID:Gynecomastia demonstrated on the bone scan. 87 1

With use of 99mtechnetium-labeled phosphates, we performed preoperative bone scans on 122 women with biopsy-proved breast carcinoma. Only two of the 110 patients with Stage I or II disease had scan abnormalities interpreted as bone metastases. Of 55 patients with normal preoperative scans, 20 later had changes suggesting bone metastases on the subsequent scans, most within 24 months of operation. In women with Stage I and II tumors, 13 of 48 (27 per cent) had scan evidence of bone metastasis of postoperative follow-up examination. Five of 23 with potential surgical cures (negative lymph nodes at operation) had bone metastasis within two years of operation. In Stage I and II patients, postoperative discovery of evolving metastases was most often (11 to 13) made by bone scan. Although the initial yield from preoperative bone scans is low, preoperative scanning combined with sequential postoperative scans constitutes one of the most sensitive indicators of evolving metastatic disease.
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PMID:Efficacy of preoperative and postoperative bone scanning in the management of breast carcinoma. 87 12


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