Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A series of 43 patients with thymoma was reviewed. The patients were classified with respect to some factors of prognostic significance. The tumors were reclassified histologically, and a staging system with three defined stage-groups was applied to the series on the basis of operative findings and histological examination of surgical specimens. Surgical-pathological staging is of high prognostic and therapeutic importance in thymomas. Complete removal of the tumor was possible in the 25 patients with stage I or II disease and in 14 of the 18 patients with stage III tumors. Pleural metastases were observed in half of the patients with stage III disease. Even patients with extensive local spread or pleural metastases were subject to tumor resection. The treatment of choice is radical resection along in stage I; radical extirpation and, if indicated, postoperative radiotherapy in stage II; and radical resection whenever possible, even in cases of pleural spread, in stage III, with postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Myasthenia gravis is an indication rather than a contraindication to radical treatment of thymoma, although some patients may deterioratte. The importance of total thymectomy is stressed.
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PMID:Tumors of the thymus and thymic region: I. Clinicopathological studies on thymomas. 62 43

Pleural metastases of breast cancer is a severe progression of the disease and the treatment is difficult. Distant metastases are mainly treated by chemo-, radio- or hormone therapy, but in recent years surgical intervention is increasingly important. Between the 1st of January 1992 and 31st of December 2001 in the 2nd Department of Surgery University of Debrecen Medical and Health Science Center Medical School of Medicine 43 patients with breast cancer were operated on because of pleural metastases. In these patients biopsy and pleurodesis with talcum insufflation were performed. The surgical treatment was followed by chemotherapy. Pleurodesis was successful at 76.7 percent. The 6, 12 and 24 months survival was 58.1, 39.5 and 16.3 percent. Based on literature data and own experience we conclude that surgical intervention with adjuvant therapy extends life expectancy for patients with pleural metastases. Pleurodesis can prevent or delay hydrothorax, it improves vital functions and the quality of life for patients with pleural metastases.
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PMID:[Surgical treatment of pleural metastases in breast cancer]. 1223 84

Pleural metastases are common in the course of breast cancer, but, to date, the role of oestrogen receptor (OR) and progesterone receptor (PgR) content in metastatic tissue has been poorly evaluated. A series of 50 consecutive patients with a history of breast cancer (median age 64 yrs, range 40-86 yrs), which presented with pleural effusion and therefore underwent medical thoracoscopy, was analysed. Metastatic pleural involvement was histologically confirmed in all patients. The hormone receptor status of the pleural metastases was investigated using the immunohistochemical method in 49 and the biochemical method in 31 cases. The immunohistochemical test was performed using monoclonal antibodies. Biochemical analysis was performed on specimens quick-frozen in liquid nitrogen. OR and PgR were measured with the dextran-coated charcoal assay and Scatchard analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis yielded 29 OR-positive and 25 PgR-positive cases and biochemical analysis yielded 16 OR-positive and four PgR-positive cases, sometimes discrepant to hormone status of the primary breast cancer. Using a semiquantitative immunoreactive score, there was a significant association between receptor positivity and survival, but only for PgR positivity. Immunohistochemical and biochemical detection of hormone receptors (oestrogen and progesterone) in pleural metastases of breast cancer is feasible based on medical thoracoscopy as the method of choice, by which sufficient specimens may be obtained. The receptor status may enable a decision on antihormonal treatment. Whether a positive receptor status in pleural metastatic tissue is associated with a better prognosis remains to be confirmed.
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PMID:Medical thoracoscopy: hormone receptor content in pleural metastases due to breast cancer. 1551 63

Pleural metastases are common in patients with advanced thoracic cancers and are a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality yet is difficult to treat. Near Infrared Photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a cancer treatment that combines the specificity of intravenously injected antibodies for targeting tumors with the toxicity induced by photosensitizers after exposure to NIR-light. Herein, we evaluate the efficacy of NIR-PIT in a mouse model of pleural disseminated non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted with a HER2, luciferase and GFP expressing NSCLC cell line (Calu3-luc-GFP). An antibody-photosensitizer conjugate (APC) consisting of trastuzumab and a phthalocyanine dye, IRDye-700DX, was synthesized. In vitro NIR-PIT cytotoxicity was assessed with dead staining, luciferase activity, and GFP fluorescence intensity. In vivo NIR-PIT was performed in mice with tumors implanted intrathoracic cavity or in the flank, and assessed by tumor volume and/or bioluminescence and fluorescence thoracoscopy. In vitro NIR-PIT-induced cytotoxicity was light dose dependent. In vivo NIR-PIT led significant reductions in both tumor volume (p = 0.002 vs. APC) and luciferase activity (p = 0.0004 vs. APC) in a flank model, and prolonged survival (p < 0.0001). Bioluminescence indicated that NIR-PIT lead to significant reduction in pleural dissemination (1 day after PIT; p = 0.0180). Fluorescence thoracoscopy confirmed the NIR-PIT effect on disseminated pleural disease. In conclusion, NIR-PIT has the ability to effectively treat pleural metastases caused by NSCLC in mice. Thus, NIR-PIT is a promising therapy for pleural disseminated tumors.
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PMID:Near infrared photoimmunotherapy in the treatment of pleural disseminated NSCLC: preclinical experience. 2589 35

Diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor (D-T TSGCT) is regarded as a benign but locally aggressive neoplasm with significant recurrent potential. We report a case of malignant D-T TSGCT with pleural metastases arising in the left knee in a 57-year-old man. The tumor demonstrated atypical features, including a solid infiltrative pattern with spindling of the tumor cells, nuclear pleomorphism with prominent nucleoli, and markedly increased mitotic activity (>20 mitoses/10 high-power fields). The immunoprofile demonstrated clusterin+, D2-40+, CD68+, p63+, MDM2+, and p16+ tumor. The next-generation sequencing-based assay demonstrated loss of the CDKN2A/B gene. Pleural metastases with identical histologic and immunohistochemical features were identified 2 years later after primary tumor resection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of D-T TSGCT with CDKN2A/B genomic alteration, MDM2 expression, and p16 loss. Clinicians and pathologists should be aware of the morphologic variability and the metastatic propensity of this entity.
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PMID:Malignant tenosynovial giant cell tumor with CDKN2A/B genomic alteration: a histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular study. 2798 86

Pleural metastases mimic malignant mesothelioma result from rare tumours. The most common tumour that metastase to pleura is primary bronchogenic adenocarcinoma. Other primary lung tumours rarely matastase to pleura. Although lung is the most common site for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastases, pleural effusion and pleural matestases resulting pseudomesothelioma is very rare. Herein we report two cases of pseudomesothelioma resulting from small cell carcinoma and RCC.
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PMID:Imaging findings of pseudomesothelioma cases resulting from two different primary tumours. 2839 32

Pulmonary and pleural metastases are routinely identified on thoracic computed tomography. Pulmonary metastases are the most common pulmonary neoplasms and commonly originate from primary malignancies of the lung, breast, colon, pancreas, stomach, skin (ie, melanoma), head and neck, and kidney. Metastatic disease to the lungs may occur via 3 routes of spread: hematogenous, lymphatic, and endobronchial. Pleural metastases most commonly originate from primary malignancies of the lung and breast. Mechanisms of pleural metastatic involvement include hematogenous spread, direct invasion from a neighboring tumor, and retrograde lymphatic spread from the mediastinum. Awareness of the spectrum of appearances of metatastic disease in the chest is important in avoiding misinterpretation.
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PMID:Imaging of Metastases in the Chest: Mechanisms of Spread and Potential Pitfalls. 2917 99