Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of tumours arising in otherwise normal bones, fibrosarcoma is about one-third as common as osteosarcoma and may have a very slightly better prognosis. A comparison of the aetiology and behaviour of forty-nine fibrosarcomata and 152 osteosarcomata indicates several similar features. Fibrosarcoma lacks the characteristic peak incidence in adolescence of osteosarcoma, but the age and sex distributions of both tumour types in patients of middle life--twenty-five to sixty-five years--are remarkably similar, even in their frequency. With fibrosarcoma, perhaps, lung metastases are fewer and appear later, thus contributing to the slightly better survival, but there is some increase in the proportion of extra-pulmonary secondaries. As with osteosarcoma, patients with fibrosarcoma show some increase in the length of post-metastatic survival when metastases are of later appearance. For the whole series the five-year crude survival rate was 21 per cent, better results being recorded for patients with histologically well differentiated tumours (30 per cent) and for long bone tumours when the patient was metastasis-free initially and the tumour was treated by prompt ablation (40 per cent). These are probably the best results one may expect for osseous fibrosarcoma without recourse to adjuvant antimetastatic therapy. Complete control of the primary tumour is likewise mandatory, and can be assured only by complete surgical removal when this is technically feasible.
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PMID:Metastatic spread of fibrosarcoma of bone; A report on forty-nine cases, and a comparison with osteosarcoma. 107 Oct 90

Cryosurgery achieves a local tumor destruction and at least in many experimental models it also produces an antitumor immunity. Cryosurgery was therefore applied to 15 patients with multiple lung metastases. In 2 cases a good palliation with a temporary standstill of tumor growth and in 3 cases of positive effect with a decrease and disappearance of metastases was noted. In two of these cases metastases of the contralateral lung also decreased or varnished. This can be explained by an immune mechanism. Big tumors and fibrosarcomas are not suited for cryosurgery, whereas hypernephroid renal carcinomas and malignant teratomas give more promising results.
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PMID:[Cryosurgery of lung metastases (author's transl)]. 108 59

The cell-mediated immune response against a transplantable syngeneic metastatic solid tumor in mice was studied. The immune reactivity of spleen cells from tumor-bearing mice was found to vary during development of the tumor. For about a week after tumor transplantation, the spleen cells were able to protect recipient mice against challenge with tumor cells. Subsequently, the protective activity was replaced by an enhancing activity. Recipient mice that received tumor cells together with spleen cells from mice bearing tumors for about two or three weeks had a higher incidence of tumor takes and larger tumors than controls. This enhancement of tumor development was correlated with the size of the local tumor or metastases in the donors. The enhancing activity was found to be mediated by T lymphocytes and appeared to suppress the protective immune response of the recipients. We devised a system to strengthen the immune response of the host against the development of tumor metastases. In the tumor model used, removal of the local tumor after s.c. transplantation failed to prevent the development of lung metastases and death in most of the mice. However, syngeneic spleen cells which had been sensitized in vitro against tumor cells were found to serve as immunotherapeutic agents. Injection of such spleen cells into mice from which primary tumor implants had been removed surgically led to a markedly increased survival. Spleen cells from both normal and tumor-sensitized donors were effective, but splenocytes from mice bearing large tumors did not reduce metastatic development after sensitization in vitro. Thus, protection against the development of lethal metastases can be achieved with certain types of lymphocytes sensitized in vitro.
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PMID:A syngeneic metastatic tumor model in mice: the natural immune response of the host and its manipulation. 108 80

Two cases of advanced breast cancer treated with a water-salt extract from BCG are presented, showing a positive response -- marked and durable regression of the breast tumor and of the axillar metastases, parallel in the second case with a disappearance of lung metastases.
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PMID:Therapeutic effect of a water-salt extract from BCG in two patients with advanced breast cancer. 109 68

To learn whether tumor metastases can be prevented by the immune system, we developed a model for the treatment of mice with syngeneic lymphocytes sensitized against tumor cells in vitro. Mice were given subcutaneously tumor cells that spontaneously metastasized to the lungs. The tumors developing locally were surgically removed and the mice were inoculated with sensitized lymphocytes 1 day later. Prevention of death by lung metastases was the measure of immunotherapy. Only approximately equal to 30-40 percent of mice receiving control treatment survived, whereas approximately equal to 70 percent survived that received lymphocytes sensitized in vitro against the tumor cells. Hence sensitization of syngeneic lymphocytes against tumor cells in vitro and injection of the lymphocytes into the host after removal of a local tumor prevented the development of lethal metastases.
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PMID:Immunotherapy of lethal metastases by lymphocytes sensitized against tumor cells in vitro. 112 55

The quantitative ratios of RNA:DNA were followed in a developing transplanted fibrosarcoma in C3H mice and in its lung metastases. There was a significant increase in these ratios in developing tumors originating from cell suspensions (P smaller than 0.001) and a single implanted piece (P smaller than 0.05). No significant change was demonstrated in developing fibrosarcoma originating from two pieces of this tumor (P greater than 0.05) which were implanted simultaneously. When comparing the ratios of RNA and DNA of developing lung metastases to the primary tumors, we found a significantly higher ratio in the metastases (P smaller than 0.001). No significant changes in RNA:DNA ratios were demonstrated in normal proliferating tissues either in physiologic hyperplasia or embryo tissue culture (P greater than 0.05).
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PMID:RNA:DNA ratios in a developing fibrosarcoma and its lung metastases in C3H mice. 117 91

A previous observation that increased spontaneous metastasis formation from the highly antigenic MCA-induced sarcoma MCG101 occurred in immunosuppressed C57BL/6J mice prompted the present study to establish whether or not tumours capable of inducing only weak transplantation resistance would behave similarly. One MCA-induced sarcoma, MCG12, one epidermoid carcinoma, EpCa1 in CBA mice and a spontaneous mammary carcinoma, MaCa1 in C3H mice, were transplanted into adult thymectomized and/or sub-lethally irradiated mice at different intervals after irradiation. The effects of the treatments on the immunoreactivity were monitored in separate groups by determining the primary and secondary responses to SRBC and the survival of first set allogeneic skin grafts. The treatment resulted in a significantly increased incidence of mainly the lymph-node metastases with MCG12 and of only the lung metastases with EpCa1. No increase in metastases was noted with MaCa1. Thymectomy potentiated the increase in metastases from MCG12 in irradiated mice but unexpectedly so only for a limited time after irradiation. Local growth of MCG12 and MaCa1 at the transplantation site was more rapid in females than in males. The changes in tumour growth and spread induced by the treatments varied with tumour-host system, sex and time of transplantation after irradiation and did not conform well with any of the tested parameters of immunoreactivity. There was no close parallel between the effects of the treatments on growth and spread of the tumours.
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PMID:Tumour metastasis in mice with reduced immune reactivity. III. Studies with three weakly antigenic tumours in thymectomized and/or sub-lethally irradiated mice. 117 1

We have studied whether specific immunization administered intraperitoneally can augment the activity of C. parvum (0.25 mg intraperitoneally or intravenously) against intravenously injected cells of a syngeneic fibrosarcoma in C3Hf/Bu mice as expressed by the reduction of pulmonary metastases (nodules, colonies) and/or by the prolongation of the survival of recipients. Combination of specific immunization and C. parvum, applied either before or after IV inoculation of viable tumor cells, was more effective than the single treatments. IV injection of a mixture of heavily irradiated and viable tumor cells gave more tumor nodules in the lungs of normal mice than injection of viable cells alone. The metastasis-enhancing effect of admixed irradiated cells was not found in mice previously treated with C. parvum, and was abolished if the immunostimulant was injected after tumor cells. Generation of lung metastases by IV inoculation of fibrosarcoma cells was reduced in mice already having this tumor in the leg. This concomitant immunity to metastases was increased by treating the recipients with C. parvum, but not with irradiated cells; also, the injection of irradiated cells together with C. parvum did not augment the efficiency of the latter. C. parvum was not as effective in T-cell deprived as in control mice, which suggests that in this system, T-cells are required for optimal anti-tumor activity of this immunostimulant. Specific immunization was not effective in T-cell-deprived mice and did not augment the efficiency of C. parvum.
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PMID:Combination of C. parvum and specific immunization against artificial pulmonary metastases in mice. 118 41

In mice bearing a benzypyrene-induced fibrosarcoma tumor, the survival was determined of intravenously injected tumor cells at various intervals after previous immunization of experimental animals by induction and subsequent excision of a transplanted primary tumor in the soft tissues of the leg. Seven days after induction of a transplanted primary tumor, I.V. tumor cells produced fewer pulmonary metastases in immunized mice than in nonimmunized mice. When tumor cells were inoculated I.V. immediately following amputation of the transplanted primary tumor, the number of pulmonary metastases in the immunized and nonimmunized animals were similar; however, 6 hours, 7 days and 14 days after primary tumor excision, I.V. inoculated tumor cells produced a higher incidence of lung metastases in the immunized than in the nonimmunized mice. This increased survival of I.V. tumor cells following excision of the transplanted primary tumor may have relevance to the development of metastases after eradication of certain primary tumors in humans.
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PMID:Induction of pulmonary metastases in both immune and nonimmune mice. Effect of the removal of a transplanted primary tumor. 120 62

The report deals with the LDH isoenzymatic spectrum in the mannary glands, lung, spontaneous tumours of the mammary glands and in metastases into the lung in mature female C3H mice. The difference in the metastases and the tumour LDH isoenzymatic spectrum was in the higher activity of the anode fraction of metastases. The presence of lung metastases was accompanied by a cathode drift of the LDH isoenzymatic spectrum to this organ tissue.
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PMID:[Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme spectrum in spontaneous mouse mammary tumors and lung neoplasms]. 122 4


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