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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tumor metastasis to the pituitary gland has been infrequently reported, and this is probably because only a small proportion of these patients are symptomatic. Most of the symptoms of this malady are related to diabetes insipidus. A 78-year-old man was diagnosed 2 years previously with stage IIIA adenocarcinoma of the lung and treated with sequential chemoradiation therapy and later with whole-brain radiation therapy because of newly developed brain metastasis; he was then admitted to our hospital with symptoms of polydipsia and polyuria. He was confirmed to have central diabetes insipidus that was caused by the pituitary metastasis from lung cancer. His symptoms resolved after treatment with desmopressin. Because of the rarity of this manifestation in lung cancer patients, we report on this case along with a brief review of the relevant literature.
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PMID:Polyuria and polydipsia in a patient with non-small-cell lung cancer. 1818 62

An 11-year-old female Dachshund was presented with depression, diarrhea, weight loss, and radiographic evidence of masses involving the liver, spleen, and cranial lobe of the right lung. Results of a CBC included severe nonregenerative anemia (HCT 14.2%, hemoglobin, 4.3 g/dL, reticulocytes 66,000/microL) with marked metarubricytosis (nucleated RBCs 6.39 x 10(3)/microL). Examination of the peripheral blood smear revealed marked erythroid dysplasia, including marked anisocytosis with a prevalence of macrocytes, Howell-Jolly bodies, diffuse basophilic stippling, and multinucleated and atypical nucleated RBCs. Neutrophil hypersegmentation and giant forms were also noted. Numerous erythrocytes, particularly polychromatophilic cells, contained inclusions consistent with Cabot rings, which appeared as delicate red-purple ellipsoid or figure 8 structures. Rarely, Cabot rings were observed extracellularly. The dog was treated symptomatically with blood transfusions, prednisone, erythropoietin, and vitamin supplementation, but the anemia progressively worsened. The dog was euthanized 2 months after presentation. Bone marrow aspirate and core biopsy specimens obtained at the time of euthanasia revealed marked dysplastic changes in all cell lines, especially dyserythropoiesis, along with infiltrating carcinoma cells. A necropsy was performed, and histologic examination revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung with multiple metastases to the marrow, spleen, and liver. The final diagnosis was marked myelodysplasia secondary to metastatic adenocarcinoma. Cabot rings are found rarely in humans with myelodysplasia, but have not been described previously in dogs. Based on the findings in this case, Cabot rings may occur rarely in dogs with severe dyserythropoiesis.
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PMID:Cabot rings as a result of severe dyserythropoiesis in a dog. 1853 17

A 61-year-old woman who had never smoked was given a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the lung with multiple pulmonary metastases. Systemic chemotherapy consisting of carboplatin and paclitaxel was not effective, thereafter daily oral administration of gefitinib was initiated. Six days later, bilateral pneumothorax was found. The extent of the pneumothorax was slight and she recovered without drainage within about one month although treatment of gefitinib was restarted. Gefitinib was effective for lung cancer in this case. Bilateral pneumothorax is a rare complication of chemotherapy for lung cancer. Only 3 such cases under treatment with gefitinib were reported in Japan.
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PMID:[Case of bilateral pneumothorax observed during the administration of gefitinib for lung adenocarcinoma with multiple pulmonary metastases]. 1859 95

Metastatic tumours of the spleen are rare and most frequently diagnosed at the time of autopsy. Most patients with splenic metastases have widely disseminated metastatic disease. We report a case of an asymptomatic, isolated splenic metastasis in a 67-year-old man diagnosed 2 years after resection of an adenocarcinoma of the lung.
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PMID:Solitary splenic metastasis of an adenocarcinoma of the lung 2 years postoperatively. 1880 5

Metastatic tumors of the hand bones are very rare. This report presents three cases of metastatic lesions involving the bones of the hand. These metastases, with adenocarcinoma of the lung as the primary malignancy, were the first clinical presentation of adenocarcinoma in two of these patients. The hamate bone was involved in one patient and the proximal phalanx of the ring finger was involved in the other patient. The third patient developed metastatic disease to the distal phalanx 8 months after initial diagnosis. The authors emphasize that a lytic lesion in the hand may be the first clinical sign of a malignancy or progression to metastatic disease.
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PMID:Unusual locations for metastatic malignancy of the hand: a report of three cases. 1913

A 53-year-old woman was with adenocarcinoma of the lung metastatic to the brain was treated after several lines of chemotherapy with pemetrexed. After six cycles an impressive regression of the brain metastases was documented. A brief review of the literature on response of cerebral metastases to chemotherapy is added.
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PMID:Activity of pemetrexed against brain metastases in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the lung. 1937 14

The adrenals are a common site of metastases for lung cancers; adrenal insufficiency, however, as a presenting feature of lung cancer, is extremely rare. We report a case of primary adrenal insufficiency secondary to metastases from adenocarcinoma of the lung. Our patient presented with hypotension, abdominal pain, and weight loss. CT scans showed a right upper lobe mass and bilateral adrenal masses. The frequent occurrence of constitutional symptoms, metabolic derangements, and cardiovascular compromise in patients with advanced cancer may lead to an underestimation of the true incidence of adrenal insufficiency in this population.
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PMID:Adrenal insufficiency as a presenting manifestation of nonsmall cell lung cancer. 1943 28

Metastasis of one tumor to another tumor within the same individual is considered rare. Lung cancer metastatic to renal cell carcinoma represents the most common combination of such tumor-to-tumor metastases. We present the autopsy case of a 97-year-old woman with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lung to renal cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Tumor-to-tumor metastasis: report of an autopsy case of lung adenocarcinoma metastasizing to renal cell carcinoma. 1972 Dec 97

The pathologic classification of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is evolving. Lung adenocarcinoma is morphologically heterogeneous, with mixtures of acinar, papillary, bronchioloalveolar, and solid patterns in more than 80% of cases. In case of synchronous or metachronous multiple NSCLC, the distinction of intrapulmonary metastases from independent primary tumors is of great clinical importance as it influences staging and potentially the therapeutic strategy. Here we took advantage of a cohort of 20 patients with 42 multiple NSCLC tumors (24 potential pair comparisons) that were annotated molecularly using genomic and mutational profiling to evaluate the value of comprehensive histologic assessment in this setting. Using the Martini-Melamed criteria, paired tumors were characterized as multiple primary NSCLCs in 21 cases and as intrapulmonary metastases in 3 cases. Genomic and mutational data led to a diagnosis of multiple primaries in 14 cases and of metastases in 8 cases; 2 cases could not be assessed. This molecular characterization contradicted the Martini-Melamed diagnosis in 7 (32%) of the 22 assessable comparisons. Adenocarcinoma was found in 32 (76%) of the 42 tumors. After review in a blinded fashion, semiquantitative comprehensive histologic assessment of paired tumors was different in 16 and similar in 8 paired tumors. We found that comparing adenocarcinomas is a complex issue that requires assessment not only of percentages of the histologic subtypes, but also the recording of additional histologic details such as cytologic features, patterns of stroma, necrosis, discrete nodularity versus miliary growth and variants such as clear cell, signet ring, mucinous, and fetal patterns. We also found that paired squamous cell carcinomas could be compared based on histologic subtyping in addition to cytologic and stromal characteristics. Considering histologically different tumors as multiple primaries, and similar tumors as metastases, comprehensive histologic subtyping was consistent with the molecular characterization in 20 (91%) of the 22 pairs comparisons. In summary, based on a well characterized cohort with detailed clinical, pathologic and molecular data, we found comprehensive histologic assessment is a powerful tool that seems to be a promising way to determine whether multiple lung adenocarcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas are metastatic or multiple primaries. This has great clinical implications for staging and therapeutic management of lung cancer patients with multiple tumors. Given its high correlation with molecular characterization of such tumors, it may provide a much cheaper and faster method to address this problem.
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PMID:Comprehensive histologic assessment helps to differentiate multiple lung primary nonsmall cell carcinomas from metastases. 1977 38

KRAS and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are the two most frequently mutated proto-oncogenes in adenocarcinoma of the lung. The occurrence of these two oncogenic mutations is mutually exclusive, and they exhibit many contrasting characteristics such as clinical background, pathological features of patients harboring each mutation, and prognostic or predictive implications. Lung cancers harboring the EGFR mutations are remarkably sensitive to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as gefitinib or erlotinib. This discovery has dramatically changed the clinical treatment of lung cancer in that it almost doubled the duration of survival for lung cancer patients with an EGFR mutation. In this review, we describe the features of KRAS mutations in lung cancer and contrast these with the features of EGFR mutations. Recent strategies to combat lung cancer harboring KRAS mutations are also reviewed.
Cancer Metastasis Rev 2010 Mar
PMID:Biological and clinical significance of KRAS mutations in lung cancer: an oncogenic driver that contrasts with EGFR mutation. 2010 24


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