Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a malignant T-cell lymphoma that primarily involves the skin, but may, in its advanced stages, metastasize to internal organs. From autopsy series, CNS involvement of MF can be seen in 14% of patients. We describe the CT and MR findings in three patients with CNS metastases. The images showed various manifestations of CNS MF, including parenchymal homogeneously intensely enhancing masses and ependymal enhancement. The CSF and biopsy results were eventually diagnostic in all three cases. One patient was treated prior to pathologic diagnosis, the other two were treated after diagnosis. The tumor improved following treatment in two patients. Although the imaging findings of CNS MF are nonspecific, they can be the first evidence of the disease.
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PMID:CNS mycosis fungoides: CT and MR findings. 162 8

Malignant thymomas are extremely rare in children, with only 27 cases reported thus far in the pediatric surgical literature. We report four additional cases diagnosed at this institution over the past 20 years (ages 3 to 14 years). Clinical presentations included superior vena cava syndrome, cough, dyspnea, cyanosis, enlarging mediastinal mass, spontaneous pneumothorax, and pleuropericardial effusion. Three patients underwent incomplete resection of the mass or biopsy because of "unresectability" and were treated with radiotherapy and adjunctive chemotherapy. One patient underwent near complete macroscopic resection as well as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. All patients died at intervals ranging from 6 months to 2 1/2 years after diagnosis. Three patients were found to have metastatic disease prior to death or at autopsy. In one case, the initial pathological diagnosis was lymphocytic thymoma. After ultrastructural studies were performed, the diagnosis was changed to thymic T-cell lymphoma. This patient subsequently developed acute lymphoblastic leukemia 3 months after surgical resection followed by radiotherapy. Malignant thymomas are highly aggressive tumors in children. A radical surgical approach with complete excision of the tumor and contiguous structures in continuity, with adjunctive radiotherapy and chemotherapy remains the only hope for survival in children with these rare lesions.
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PMID:Malignant thymoma in children: a 20-year review. 227 28

Tumor cell variants were derived from an AKR T-cell lymphoma cell line (BW5147, H-2k haplotype). These variants differed in their malignant potential and in their membrane expression of class I MHC antigens. High tumorigenic and spontaneous metastatic capacity was found to be predominantly associated with a decrease of H-2Kk class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen expression. In contrast, high experimental metastatic capacity correlated strongly with an increased H-2Dk antigen expression. The in vitro invasive potential and the LFA-1 expression of the BW variants showed no correlation with the differential MHC antigen expression and the differential metastatic and tumorigenic capacity of the BW variants. Furthermore, the susceptibility of the BW 5147 variants to TNF and NK-mediated cytotoxicity was not related to the differential metastatic potential and the expression of the class I MHC antigens.
Invasion Metastasis 1990
PMID:Association between MHC class I antigen expression and malignancy of murine T lymphoma variants. 230 62

A simple monolayer invasion assay (MIA) was recently developed using confluent fibroblastic cells as a target and variants of the BW5147 murine T-cell lymphoma as invading cells. Metastatic variants were consistently invasive in the MIA whereas non-metastatic cells were not. In this paper it is reported that pertussis toxin (PT) treatment of a highly metastatic and invasive variant caused a marked delay of invasion in the MIA at concentrations from 50 pg/ml upwards. Surprisingly, PT treatment of the non-metastatic, non-invasive parental BW5147 cells induced a moderate but significant level of invasion. Morphometric analysis showed that PT provoked an increased pseudopodal activity in cells in which it also caused increased invasive potential, and a decreased motility in cells with decreased invasiveness. This finding strengthens the perception that invasive potential and the capability to perform shape changes are related characteristics in these lymphoma cells.
Clin Exp Metastasis
PMID:Dual effects of pertussis toxin on in vitro invasive behavior of metastatic lymphoma variants. 275 6

Since the discovery of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) in patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), malignant neoplasms of mature (peripheral) T lymphocytes have attracted a great deal of attention. This type of neoplasm is more common in Japan than in Western countries, and may show distinct clinical pictures such as hypergammaglobulinemia, hypercalcemia, etc. T-cell lymphomas are more prone than B-cell lymphomas to become leukemic. Because of a marked intermingling of reactive cells (histiocytes, eosinophils, etc.), the histologic diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma is often difficult. Proliferation pattern and cellular size do not correlate with prognosis as in B-cell lymphoma. Since T-cell lymphomas often manifest with several distinct clinicopathologic settings, their categorization should be based on several parameters, such as the presence or absence of ATLL-associated antigen in serum, histology, phenotype of the neoplastic cell, and clinical features. Since a classification for T-cell lymphomas has not been established, a further multi-disciplinary approach is necessary for a better understanding of this interesting neoplasm.
Cancer Metastasis Rev 1988 Nov
PMID:Peripheral T-cell lymphoma. 306 2

A new in vitro invasion model system, based on monolayers of 10T1/2 fibroblastic mouse embryo cells, is presented. When inoculated onto such a confluent monolayer, cells from a nonmetastatic T-cell lymphoma line remained on top, whereas cells from metastatic derivative lines penetrated through the monolayer. Combined differential interference contrast and interference reflection microscopy were used to follow the relative vertical cell positions in the co-cultures. The number of underlying lymphoma cells per unit area can be used as a quantitative invasion index, allowing a systematic comparison between cell lines. Moreover, since the invasive cells could be recovered separately, this invasion system allowed the isolation of minor subpopulation of invasive cells from a 1000-fold excess of noninvasive cells.
Invasion Metastasis 1987
PMID:Development of a monolayer invasion assay for the discrimination and isolation of metastatic lymphoma cells. 358 18

Monoclonal antibodies against the Thy 1.1 differentiation antigen are ineffective in the treatment of transplanted AKR T-cell lymphoma once a palpable tumor nodule is present, due to the inability of the host to eliminate antibody-coated tumor cells. To overcome this limitation, we have evaluated the use of 131I-labeled anti-Thy 1.1 antibodies for the therapy of established AKR/J SL2 lymphoma (Thy 1.1+) nodules growing in congeneic AKR/Cu mice (Thy 1.2+). In these experiments, 131I-anti-Thy 1.1 antibody specifically localized to a s.c. tumor with a mean of 6.5% of the infused dose per g of tumor at 24 h after infusion. The proportion of infused anti-Thy 1.1 antibody localizing to tumor was constant following antibody doses of up to 400 micrograms/animal. Antibody iodinated with up to 2 atoms of iodine per antibody of molecule maintained binding activity and localization to tumor equivalent to antibody labeled with less iodine. The concentrations of 131I-anti-Thy 1.1 in tumor would result in delivery of a mean of 1600 cGy to tumor following infusion of 500 muCi of 131I-labeled anti-Thy 1.1 antibody. In comparison, 500 muCi 131I-labeled irrelevant antibody would deliver a mean of 380 cGy to tumor. Treatment of animals with palpable tumor nodules with 500 muCi 131I-anti-Thy 1.1 led to regression of the tumor nodule in 44% of animals, significantly prolonged survival, and cured two of five of the animals treated prior to the development of metastatic disease. In contrast, unlabeled anti-Thy 1.1 led to tumor response in 6% of animals, and up to 1000 muCi 131I-labeled irrelevant antibody had no effect on tumor growth. Therapy was limited by the emergence of variant tumor cells lacking the target antigen and by bone marrow toxicity following 131I-labeled antibody doses of greater than or equal to 1000 muCi/animal. These studies demonstrate that 131I-labeled monoclonal antibodies can have a significant antitumor effect in a situation where unmodified antibody is ineffective.
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PMID:Experimental radiotherapy of murine lymphoma with 131I-labeled anti-Thy 1.1 monoclonal antibody. 397 21

Two lines of evidence are reported which suggest that the highly metastatic variant ESb of the T-cell lymphoma Eb is derived from spontaneous fusion with a host macrophage. Firstly, ESb cells are shown to express the macrophage differentiation antigen Mac-1 which was not found on Eb cells or on any other tumor cells tested except the macrophage tumor line Pu5. Secondly, the progression from low to high metastatic capacity could be reproduced in vitro following hybridization of thioguanine-resistant Eb cells (EbTGR) with syngeneic bone-marrow-derived macrophages. Two HAT medium-selected hybrid tumor lines (Eb-F1 and Eb-F2) could be established. They were found to express cell surface markers of both parental lines: T lymphoid differentiation antigens from T-lymphoma and macrophage antigens (Mac-1, class II MHC antigens) from the normal cell fusion partner. The antigens were identified on the hybrids and subclones thereof by means of monoclonal antibodies and 3 different detection assays: cytofluorography, complement-dependent cytotoxicity and immunoprecipitation followed by gel electrophoresis. Animals inoculated s.c. with the parental line EbTGR developed local tumors but not metastases and survived for more than 40 days. In contrast, animals inoculated similarly with Eb-F1 or Eb-F2 cells quickly developed metastases in visceral organs and died as early as 10-14 days following inoculation. In many but not all respects, the in vitro-derived T-lymphoma-macrophage hybrids resembled the spontaneous in vivo-derived variant ESb. These findings, together with the presence of Mac-1 antigen on ESb cells, suggest (1) that ESb variant cells may be derived from spontaneous fusion with a host cell, most likely a macrophage and (2) that somatic cell fusion may be an important mechanism of genetic rearrangements leading to metastatic variants. The new highly metastatic tumor lines which were developed under well-defined in vitro conditions, and their subclones, may become very useful tools for studying the contribution of specific genetic traits and of membrane-related structures to various steps of the metastatic process.
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PMID:Suggestive evidence that the highly metastatic variant ESb of the T-cell lymphoma Eb is derived from spontaneous fusion with a host macrophage. 650 Jul 46

Lymphoblasts from the peripheral blood of a 10-year-old boy who was treated for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia were heterotransplanted intraocularly into nude mice. The resultant tumors and their metastases were serially passaged both intraocularly and subcutaneously in the mice. The mouse tumors closely resembled morphologically and cytochemically a human T-cell lymphoma. The primary cells, as well as cells from subsequent in vivo passages, were predominantly of a suppressor T-cell phenotype (OKT8-positive). No viral products were identified. Chromosome analysis revealed a near-diploid karyotype with a translocation between chromosomes 11 and 14. The tumorigenicity, morphology, cytochemistry, immunologic phenotype, and karyotypic pattern of the cells remained constant through six serial in vivo passages over a period of 10 months. This is the first report of direct heterotransplantation and long-term in vivo maintenance of primary human T-cells in immunologically unmanipulated nude mice.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of a human T-cell leukemia line (LALW-2) in nude mice. 660 63

Despite the fact that tumour cells with the potential for metastasis may circulate randomly, many demonstrate a preference for specific organs. Recently, several investigators have selected variant tumour cell lines with enhanced capacity to metastasize to specific organs, mainly using the spontaneously originating B16 melanoma cell line of the mouse and tumour variants with enhanced capacity to metastasize to the lungs, brain and liver. We previously reported the derivation of a liver-specific metastatic variant of a Marek's disease (MD) virus-transformed, non-producer lymphoma cell line. MD is a naturally occurring, herpes virus-induced, T-cell lymphoma of chickens which bears pathological and aetiological similarities to Burkitt's lymphoma in man. This makes MD a useful model for study. One similarity is the pattern of metastasis in which both lymphomas induce a high incidence of ovarian and liver lesions. We now report the existence of a cell-surface antigen, detectable by a monoclonal antibody, correlated with organ-specific metastasis.
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PMID:Detection of a cell-surface antigen correlated with organ-specific metastasis. 740 15


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