Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) was recently added to the growing list of infectious pathogen-associated human lymphomas. Molecular and immunohistochemical studies demonstrated an association with Campylobacter jejuni. IPSID is a variant of the B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), which involves mainly the proximal small intestine resulting in malabsorption, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Geographically, IPSID is most prevalent in the Middle East and Africa. IPSID lymphomas reveal excessive plasma cell differentiation and produce truncated alpha heavy chain proteins lacking the light chains as well as the first constant domain. The corresponding mRNA lacks the variable heavy chain (V(H)) and the constant heavy chain 1 (C(H)1) sequences and contains deletions as well as insertions of unknown origin. The encoding gene sequence reveals a deletion of V region and parts of C(H)1 domain. Cytogenetic studies demonstrated clonal rearrangements involving predominantly the heavy and light chain genes, including t(9;14) translocation involving the PAX5 gene. Early-stage IPSID responds to antibiotics (30%-70% complete remission). Most untreated IPSID patients progress to lymphoplasmacytic and immunoblastic lymphoma invading the intestinal wall and mesenteric lymph nodes, and may metastasize to a distant organ. IPSID lymphoma shares clinical, morphologic, and molecular features with MALT lymphoma, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, and plasma cell neoplasms.
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PMID:Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID): a model for mature B-cell neoplasms. 1554 84

We report a case of a simultaneous occurrence of medullary and papillary carcinomas of the thyroid gland with metastases of a papillary carcinoma to the cervical lymph nodes and a concurrent small B-cell lymphocytic lymphoma revealed in the lymph nodes examined in a 71-year-old woman. The diagnosis was based on microscopic examination of surgical specimens and supported by immunohistochemistry. Additionally, P53 and RET mutation analysis was performed. In this case, the coincidence of medullary and papillary carcinomas of the thyroid gland may account for a true composite tumor. The coexistence of a small B-cell lymphoma in our patient may be explained by irradiation treatment undergone during the adolescence.
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PMID:Simultaneous occurrence of medullary and papillary carcinomas of the thyroid gland with metastases of papillary carcinoma to the cervical lymph nodes and the coinciding small B-cell lymphocytic lymphoma of the lymph nodes--a case report. 1561 77

Vogt-Kaganayi-Harada (VKH) syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by panuveitis, neuropathy and aseptic meningitis. Most patients require long-term treatment with steroids and immunosuppressants. Patients may develop concurrent autoimmune diseases, especially endocrinopathies. Secondary malignancies are rare associations. We report a Chinese man with VKH syndrome presenting with multiple cranial nerve palsy and bilateral pan-uveitis, who developed disseminated high-grade B cell lymphoma after 3-year treatment with azathioprine. This is the first report of systemic non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients with VKH syndrome. The carcinogenic properties of azathioprine on an abnormally expanded but non-clonal lymphoid system may play a role in the pathogenesis.
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PMID:High-grade lymphoma after azathioprine treatment for Vogt-Kaganayi-Harada syndrome. 1562 16

A 64-year-old woman, who had been treated for gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by total gastrectomy and received 3 courses of CHOP therapy at 61 years of age, was diagnosed with recurrence of DLBCL in the small intestine. After the small intestinal tumor was resected, multiple metastases were found in the liver. Because intensive chemotherapy was difficult for her poor performance status, 50 mg of etoposide daily by oral was administered for 21 consecutive days. After one course of chemotherapy, liver metastases and lymph node swelling almost disappeared without severe adverse effects, and after five courses she achieved complete remission. Though DLBCL invaded the central nervous system, the abdominal regions had been free from recurrence for 12 months. This case report suggests that oral etoposide therapy is useful for gastrointestinal DLBCL which has metastasized to the liver.
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PMID:[Successful treatment with etoposide by oral administration for recurrence of gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after surgical resection--a case report]. 1575 44

Cancer of the penis is a rare neoplasm in developed countries but worldwide represents a significant health problem. In this study, the ultrasonographic features of primary and secondary malignant lesions of the penis are described. Squamous cell carcinoma usually presents as a hypoechoic lesion with heterogeneous appearance. Invasions of the corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum are appreciable. B-cell lymphoma presents as well-vascularized mass, a plaque, or ulcers in the penile skin. Penile metastases results from hematogenous or lymphatic spreading of distant tumors or, more frequently, as penile infiltration by tumors from adjacent organs. Diffuse corporeal or nodular involvement can result.
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PMID:Primary and secondary malignancies of the penis: ultrasound features. 1575 26

In a 75-year-old woman with a swelling in her left breast, a 39-year-old woman with an anal fissure due to diarrhoea and a 65-year-old woman with chest pain, a mammary tumour was diagnosed that did not originate in mammary tissue. These were a recurrent melanoma, a carcinoma of the thyroid and a B-cell lymphoma, respectively. All patients were treated. The first patient developed new metastases one year later, the second died, partly as a result of the tumour, and the third showed no recurrence of the tumour after two years. Breast cancer is one of the most frequently occurring neoplasms in women. Primary tumours in the breast from other origins and metastatic lesions to the breast from extramammary tumours are rare. Most of these cases concern haematological malignancies and metastases from melanoma and lung cancer. Despite the fact that metastases to the breast are rare, one should always consider the possibility.
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PMID:[A malignant tumour in the breast is not always primary breast cancer]. 1599 99

Paraneoplastic syndromes rarely affect patients with head and neck cancer. Four patients with different histological types of head and neck cancer are presented in which the primary malignancy was preceded and/or accompanied by a paraneoplastic syndrome. In the first patient erythrodermia preceded the diagnosis of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The second patient presented with a B cell lymphoma of the nasopharynx in association with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of arginine vasopressine (Schwartz-Bartter syndrome). In the third patient paraneoplastic polyarthritis had been diagnosed 5 months before a hypopharyngeal carcinoma was diagnosed. In the last patient the paraneoplastic anti-Hu positive encephalomyelitis was associated with a primary malignancy in the larynx with neck metastases. Diagnostic procedures, treatment and follow-up of these patients are reported and accompanied by a review of the literature.
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PMID:Paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with primary malignancies of the head and neck. Four cases and a review of the literature. 1598 84

Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a Th2 anti-inflammatory cytokine that participates in the regulation of the immune response at several levels. Its production has been implicated in the immunosuppression frequently observed in tumor bearing hosts. The broad spectrum of IL-10 biologic activities is mediated by its binding to its cognate receptor (IL-10R). We have already demonstrated the overproduction of IL-10 by B-cell lymphoma tumor bearing rats and, also, that IL-10 could act as a growth factor for metastatic cells. Considering the importance to unravel each feature of the complex biology of metastasis, the goal of the present study was to investigate the expression of IL-10 receptor (IL-10R), at mRNA and protein level, in primary tumor and metastatic cells from a rat B-cell lymphoma, along with the production of IL-10 by both tumor cell types. Our results indicate that IL-10, besides its immunoregulatory effect, would act as an autocrine growth factor for cells with metastatic phenotype. Also, the up-regulation of IL-10 and IL-10R expression would be part of the transition from primary tumor to the metastatic phenotype.
Clin Exp Metastasis 2005
PMID:The transition to the metastatic phenotype of rat lymphoma cells involves up-regulation of IL-10 receptor expression and IL-10 secretion. 1608 33

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play important roles in a variety of biological and pathological processes. They are considered among the most desirable targets for drug development. Recent studies have demonstrated that many GPCRs, such as endothelin receptors, chemokine receptors and lysophosphatidic acid receptors have been implicated in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of multiple human cancers. In this study, we conducted an in silico analysis of GPCR gene expression in primary human tumors by analyzing some publicly available gene expression profiling data. Statistical analysis was performed on eight microarray data sets of non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, melanoma, gastric cancer and diffused large B cell lymphoma to identify GPCRs that are up-regulated in primary or metastatic cancer cells. Our analysis has demonstrated overexpression of several GPCRs in primary tumor cells, including chemokine receptors and protease-activated receptors that were shown to be important for tumorigenesis by previous studies. In addition, we have uncovered several GPCRs, such as neuropeptide receptors, adenosine A2B receptor, P2Y purinoceptor, calcium-sensing receptor and metabotropic glutamate receptors, that are expressed at a significantly higher level in some cancer tissue and may play a role in cancer progression. Analysis of cancer samples in different disease stages also suggests that some GPCRs, such as endothelin receptor A, may be involved in early tumor progression and others, such as CXCR4, may play a critical role in tumor invasion and metastasis. The present study demonstrates the value of publicly available microarray data as a resource to gain more understanding of cancer biology, to validate previous findings from in vitro experiments, and to identify potential novel anticancer targets and biomarkers.
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PMID:Overexpression of G protein-coupled receptors in cancer cells: involvement in tumor progression. 1621 Dec 29

Lymphoma involving the pituitary gland is particularly rare. We present two cases of patients with pituitary lymphoma, both of whom were symptomatic from pituitary dysfunction. The first patient demonstrated pituitary involvement on imaging, with mild biochemical diabetes insipidus but clear hypoadrenalism. Both adrenals were grossly enlarged on CT scanning and biopsy of one of the adrenal masses confirmed the diagnosis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The second patient presented with clinical diabetes insipidus but with no obvious abnormalities on pituitary imaging. CT scanning of abdomen and pelvis, however, revealed widespread lymphadenopathy. Lymph node biopsy revealed a T cell-rich B cell lymphoma. Review of the English-language literature of all published cases of pituitary lymphoma in the presence of generalised disease in immunocompetent patients revealed 13 cases. Most patients had large B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Involvement of the anterior lobe of the pituitary was more frequently seen than in patients developing pituitary metastases from solid tumour primaries. Patients with advanced lymphoma including the pituitary also appear to have a better prognosis than patients presenting with pituitary metastases. This is an important diagnosis to make as rapidly as possible to allow the early institution of effective therapy.
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PMID:Lymphoma metastasizing to the pituitary: an unusual presentation of a treatable disease. 1637 34


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