Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 537 consecutive liver scintiscans were retrospectively reviewed and 80 of them revealed suspicious focal decreased activity in the region of the prota hepatis. Postmortem, surgical, or biopsy correlation was obtained in 40 of these cases: 14 were pathologically negative; 9, cirrhosis or fibrosis; 10, metastases; 3, dilated bile ducts; 1, viral hepatitis; 1, hepatic laceration; 1, falciform ligament cyst; and 1, ruptured gallbladder with abscessed head of the pancreas. Thus, only 42% represented significant disease. Sixty-eight percent of the defects were seen only on the anterior scintiscan. Appearance of the majority of defects was nonspecific. Subjective grading of defects according to size and comparative decrease in density was not beneficial. Elevations of serum alkaline phosphatase, total serum bilirubin, and serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase were nonspecific.
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PMID:Focal porta hepatis scintiscan defects: What is their significance? 118 57

The serum level of tumor marker CA-125 was determined by a specific immunoradiometric assay in 45 healthy persons (control group), in patients with benign ovarian tumors (13), patients with ovarian carcinoma in remission (15) and progression (28), patients with non-ovarian carcinoma (39), patients with benign peritoneal processes (6), and patients with malignant (3) or inflammatory (10) hepatic diseases. A follow-up study was carried out for a few months (4-11) in some patients after the primary therapy for ovarian cancer. The serum levels of CA-125 were always below the border value (30 U/ml) in healthy persons, in patients with benign ovarian tumors (without peritoneal affection), in patients with ovarian cancer in remission, patients with extraovarian cancers without metastases or with extraperitoneal metastases, and in patients with acute viral hepatitis. Patients with the progression of ovarian carcinoma and patients with peritoneal affection (malignant or benign) had elevated CA-125 values. The findings were in a good correlation with the clinical course in the follow-up study.
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PMID:[Results of CA-125 tumor marker determination in patients with ovarian carcinoma]. 260 71

Fifty-one patients (16 with malignant extrahepatic biliary obstruction, ten with benign extrahepatic biliary obstruction, eight with alcoholic liver disease, five with viral hepatitis and 12 with liver metastases) and 19 adult healthy controls were studied with determinations of beta-N-acetyl hexosaminidase (a lysosomal enzyme which is cleared from the circulation by the Kupffer cells), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), serum bilirubin, alkaline-phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Both CEA and beta-NAH were elevated in each disease group. Elevated beta-NAH levels distinguished between benign and malignant extrahepatic biliary obstruction better than CEA levels. Beta-NAH levels for the malignant and the benign groups were 47.6 +/- 14.7 U/l and 23.0 +/- 4.7 U/l (mean +/- S.D.) respectively. The groups differed significantly (P less than 0.001). Plasma CEA levels for both groups were 18.7 +/- 38.9 and 7.2 +/- 3.3 ng/ml (mean +/- S.D.) respectively. Beta-NAH levels for the 19 normal controls were 15.8 +/- 3.5 U/l (mean +/- S.D.). Beta-NAH also was significantly elevated in patients with hepatic metastases (36.9 +/- 20.1 U/l). In 25 cancer patients with metastases other than in the liver beta-NAH levels (18.3 +/- 5.2) were not significantly elevated over the control group. It has potential value as a marker for non-CEA-producing liver metastases.
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PMID:Serum beta-N-acetyl hexosaminidase (beta-NAH) as a discriminant between malignant and benign extrahepatic biliary obstruction: comparison with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). 293 60

The case of a 36 year old patient in whom breast cancer was diagnosed in February 1983 is reported. At the time of the diagnosis bone metastases, were already present. Therapy was started on the basis of a FAC-regimen (Ftorofur-, Adriamycin-Cyclophosphamide), where after the patient developed clinical and laboratory signs of hepatic lesion. At the time of the first FAC-course the suspicion of viral hepatitis of cholestatic type was raised; HBsAg was consistently negative. In the 3rd week after completion of the second FAC-course clinical signs of cholestatic hepatitis with high fever and leucopenia of increasing severity were suggestive of drug-induced hepatitis. Cyclophosphamide was incriminated, therefore, this component was omitted from the subsequent FAC-course. Nevertheless, the clinical manifestations reappeared in a more pronounced form. This time, too steroids were administered, with beneficial effect. In view of the complaints pointed to bone-metastases further cytostatic treatment, Vepesid monotherapy was started, but after the first course the patient developed hepatitis and died. Necropsy revealed, in addition to extensive bone-metastases, microscopic signs of drug-induced hepatitis. The types of liver damage caused by the cytostatic agents used in this study are reviewed. No hepatitis has been reported in connection with these drugs (Adriamycin + Ftorofur or Vepesid) thus far. The diagnostic criteria of drug-induced hepatitis are outlined. It is pointed out that with the eves more extensive use of cytostatic therapy a growing incidence of this complication should be taken into account.
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PMID:Drug hepatitis of cholestatic type in association with a FAC-regimen for breast cancer. 344 15

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has been studied with a radioimmunoassay technique with an antiserum obtained from hepatic metastases of colonic cancer (Sorin Biomedica, Saluggia). The normal range of seric CEA varies from 0 to 10 ng/ml; 10 ng/ml is the higher value found in a smoker healthy subject. Seric CEA than 10 ng/ml has been found in 27% of cirrhoses, 39% of acute viral hepatitis (HBsAg+), 13.3% of chronic active hepatitis, 7.7% of chronic persistent hepatitis, 36% of alcoholic hepatitis and 100% of hepatomas. The diminished hepatic clearance of the antigen, or the derepression of its regulator gene, or the formation of CEA-like substances may cause the increase of seric CEA in hepatic diseases. The antiserum obtained from hepatic metastases of colonic carcinoma may explain the positivity in all the patients with hepatoma.
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PMID:[Assay of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in acute and chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma]. 626 78

Among 2175 patients seen over the last three years in a non-specialized department of internal medicine with no intensive care unit, 100 had supranormal serum lactic dehydrogenase activities. These patients' case-reports have been analyzed. Nearly half the patients (47/100) had a malignant disease (cancer or hemopathy). Among the remaining patients, 19 had a hepatic disorder (alcohol hepatitis in 10, viral hepatitis in 8, and isoniazide hepatitis in 1), 7 had a heart disease (heart failure with hepatomegaly in 5, myocardial infarction in 2), and 27 had various other conditions (including hemolysis in 6 and polymyositis en 3). The value of serum LDH assay is obvious in situations other than acute conditions such as myocardial infarction of pulmonary embolism; these are better known and have not been studied here as their prevalence was low among the patients enlisted in our study. In comparison to other enzymes (alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), transaminases (GOT, GPT) that were also routinely assayed in our patients, abnormal serum LDH activities are much less common and their significance is quite different. An increase in serum and their significance is quite different. An increase in serum LDH activity indicates a serious condition, often with a fatal outcome. The "various other conditions" group includes patients with hemolysis, hepatitis and myositis; the other patients in this group either had severe infectious diseases or died suddenly in the first few days of their hospitalization before diagnosis had been established. Each etiologic group has been analyzed to asses the characteristics of patients with increased LDH activity according to each etiology. Analysis of coincident abnormalities of the other enzymes listed above shows marked differences between etiologic groups; diagnostic accuracy can thus be enhanced in certain conditions. Most patients with malignancies had poorly differentiated tumors, with metastases: 28 had an epithelial tumor, with hepatic and/or bone metastases in 23 cases, 5 had cancer of the liver, 10 had a malignant hemopathy (2 lymphomas, 5 myeloproliferative syndromes, 3 acute leukemias), and 4 had a sarcoma. Cancer of the lung is the most common malignancy (10 cases) and may be responsible for increased serum LDH activity even in patients without metastases. Serum LDH assay is of value for monitoring the course in patients with initially increased activities as it falls under effective therapy and rises during exacerbations.
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PMID:[Value and diagnostic significance of serum lactic dehydrogenase in internal medicine (author's transl)]. 628 24

In the present study, using systematic microscopic examination, we tried to determine the true incidence of metastases in nude mice bearing a wide variety of human tumors. A total of 63 malignant tumors were successfully transplanted subcutaneously and 831 nude mice bearing tumors were examined. It appeared that 17 of the 63 tumors (26.9%) retained their metastatic ability in nude mice. Most of these tumors were adenocarcinomas (11/17 cases). Generally the metastatic deposits in the lungs and, to a lesser extent, in the lymph nodes were small and thus only detectable on microscopic examination. We also found a positive correlation between the presence of metastases and neoplastic infiltration of the lymphatic and/or blood vessels around the subcutaneous tumors. Metastatic human tumors, including neoplastic cells from effusion, exhibited higher metastatic ability than primary tumors (p less than 0.005). However, the expression of this metastatic potential depends on several factors including tumor volume, survival time after inoculation and murine hepatitis infection. Thus, animals with metastases bore larger tumors (9.56 cm3) than those without metastasis (6.35 cm3; p less than 0.0001). Moreover, survival time after inoculation was longer in mice with metastases (104 days) than in mice without metastases (81 days; p less than 0.0001). A negative influence of viral hepatitis on the incidence of metastases was observed. This may simply be related to the shortened life span of the animals. Death due to this infection may precede the expression of the metastatic potential.
Invasion Metastasis 1984
PMID:Metastases of human tumor xenografts in nude mice. 653 93

The medical records of women taking part in the first 2 prospective adjuvant CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil) programs were reviewed to evaluate the incidence of liver damage which could be attributable to prolonged methotrexate administration. In 802 evaluable patients abnormal liver studies occurred in 7 of 170 controls (4.1%) and 20 of 632 CMF-treated patients (3.2%). In 22 of 27 patients they were reversible, while the persistence of enzyme abnormalities in 2 patients treated with 12 CMF cycles was followed by the occurrence of viral hepatitis and osseous metastases, respectively. Adjuvant CMF was never discontinued in the presence of liver function abnormalities. In 22 women liver biopsies through laparoscopy were performed for various diagnostic purposes. They yielded an incidence of aspecific histologic changes (fatty metamorphosis, subcapsular fibrosis) which was similar between controls and CMF-treated patients. Present analysis failed to demonstrate a higher incidence of acute and/or chronic liver changes in patients treated with cyclical CMF compared to controls treated with surgery alone.
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PMID:Liver assessment in women receiving adjuvant CMF chemotherapy. 724 50

Circulating immune complexes have been described in viral hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis but their significance is unclear. Seventy-three patients with acute and chronic liver diseases were evaluated to determine the specificity of immune complex detection for a given liver disease. Immune complexes were measured by the fluid- and solid-phase Clq-binding assays. They were demonstrated frequently in all patients with liver disease, including those with viral hepatitis, alcoholic cirrhosis, chronic active and persistent hepatitis, drug-induced hepatitis and hepatic metastases. The presence of immune complexes was not specific for a given type of liver disease and did not correlate with hepatic dysfunction. We conclude that the detection of immune complexes is of no apparent diagnostic use in liver disease. Further evaluation of the antigen-antibody composition would be required to determine any pathogenic significance of the detected circulating immune complexes.
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PMID:Non-specificity of circulating immune complexes in patients with acute and chronic liver disease. 743 39

Chronic hepatitis C and B are the main causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. Little is known about the etiology of HCC in Germany which is regarded as a low-prevalence area for viral hepatitis C (HCV) and B (HBV). To assess the etiologic factors of HCC in Germany we have retrospectively analyzed the records of 100 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in our clinic. HCC-patients with documented status on HCV/HBV-infection and daily alcohol intake (n = 55) had HCV antibodies in 53%, HBs-Ag in 20%, isolated chronic alcohol abuse in 11% and genetic hemochromatosis in 2%. In 13% of the HCC-patients no risk factor could be identified. Coinfections with HCV and HBV were not observed. Liver cirrhosis was present in 90% of the HCC-patients. In histologically confirmed HCC (n = 71) serum alpha-fetoprotein level was normal (< 8.5 ng/ml) in 20%, moderately elevated (8.5-300 ng/ml) in 48% and considerably elevated (> 300 ng/ml) in 32% of the patients. Only 31% of all patients presented with small single lesions (< or = 5 cm) without evidence for extrahepatic metastases or portal vein thrombosis. Only 30% of the HCC-patients could be treated with a curative intention (28 hepatic resections, one orthotopic liver transplantation). Patients who underwent resection had cumulative 6-month, 1-year, 2-year and 3-year survival rates of 83.8%, 65.9%, 54.3% and 24.8% respectively. Median survival time after resection was 24.8 months compared with 5.8 months in symptomatically treated patients with unresectable HCC (n = 39). Patients with hepatitis C-associated HCC were significantly older than patients with hepatitis B-associated HCC (mean values: 63.2 vs. 54.2 years). Frequency of cirrhosis, tumor stage, alpha-fetoprotein level and prognosis did not differ between groups. In conclusion hepatocellular carcinoma was predominantly associated with chronic HCV-infection. Most patients presented with normal or moderately elevated serum AFP-levels. Prognosis was poor even after hepatic resection.
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PMID:[Hepatocellular carcinoma in Germany. Epidemiology, etiology, clinical aspects and prognosis in 100 consecutive patients of a university clinic]. 948 38


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