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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An unusual case of simultaneous plasmacytomas of the vagina and vulva is presented along with a review of the literature on urogenital extramedullary plasmacytoma. The diagnosis in this case was obtained by vaginal cytological smear and later confirmed by histological examination of tumor biopsies. Of the four previously reported cases of malignant plasmacytoma of the vagina, one recurred locally and none was associated with metastases. In the case presented, local recurrence as well as multiple osseous metastases occurred.
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PMID:Simultaneous extramedullary plasmacytomas of the vagina and vulva: a case report and review of the literature. 35 Mar 79

Four cases of primary malignant melanoma of the vagina in women aged 23, 44, 51 and 65 years are presented. In these 4 cases, thorough clinical and postmortem examinations ruled out the possibility of a primary melanoma elsewhere. The primary tumors showed exophytic growth with superficial ulceration. Three of the melanomas arose from the middle third of the vagina and one from the upper third. Melanin was visible in sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin in 3 of the tumors. In the other one, the first biopsy failed to reveal melanin. However, the second biopsy performed following irradiation showed abundant melanin pigment. Electron microscopic examination of 3 tumors revealed premelanosomes and melanosomes in the tumor cells, thus confirming the diagnosis. Two neoplasms showed atypical histologic features, and only the presence of melanin enabled us to make diagnosis of malignant melanoma. One melanoma was associated with an adjacent widespread intraepithelial component of superficial spreading type indicating its probable mode of origin. All 4 patients died of widespread metastases within 13 months after initial treatment. These 4 cases, in which clinical diagnosis was confirmed by thorough autopsy, strongly indicate that malignant melanoma can arise directly from the vagina.
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PMID:Primary malignant melanoma of the vagina: study of four autopsy cases with ultrastructural findings. 36 16

The results of a retrograde analysis of lymphographic processes in 111 patients with malign vulvar and vaginal tumours are substantiating statements concerning the importance of lymphography in diagnosing metastastic processes in lymph-nodes of the inguinal and retroperitoneal region. -- Metastases could be proved lymphographically in 24 (34%) out of 70 carcinomas of the vulva and 8 (22%) out of 37 carcinomas of the vagina. In 24% of all patients with carcinomas of the vulva there were lymph-nodes involved, in two of these cases without a simultaneous involvement of the inguinal region. With carcinomas of the vagina a lumbar involvement was found in 50% of the cases. The accuracy of lymphographic diagnosis was 79% regarding the inguinal region and 89% in the iliac region. Despite of the lower accuracy with regard to inguinal lymph-nodes lymphography exceeds findings obtained by clinical palpation in this respect. As a result of the study, the use of lymphography in case of vulvar and vaginal carcinomas of all clinical stages is considered to be profitable for diagnosing and therapy planning.
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PMID:[Lymphography in malignant vulvar and vaginal tumors. 1. Clinical significance]. 46 4

A total of 122 patients with Stage Ia carcinoma of the cervix was followed for 5 to 25 years. Eight recurrences were found, four of which were located in the vagina, cervix or the bladder and four on the pelvic wall. Five of the recurrences were detected after 5 years of follow-up. Tumour cells were found in blood vessels or lymphatic channels in eight patients and five of them developed metastases. It is proposed that only tumours with a depth of stromal invasion of less than 5 mm should be treated conservatively. If blood vessels or lymphatic channels contain tumour, we would recommend a Wertheim's hysterectomy or treatment by intracavitary and external irradiation.
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PMID:Factors influencing the treatment of patients with stage Ia carcinoma of the cervix. 49 28

Invasive epithelioma of the uterine cervix spreads in two different ways. Locally, tumour involves progressively upon neighbouring structures (vagina parametrium, uterine corpus, bladder, rectum). Regionally, lymphatic dissemination occur preociously moving towards the nodes of the pelvic wall. Local extension can be appreciated by clinical examination which determines the clinical staging of cervical cancer. It does not take sufficiently into account the volume of the tumour which is a principal factor in lymphatic dissemination. Nodal metastases essentially localise in the external iliac chain (obturateur group), from there spreading to the common iliac or latero aortic nodes which may, under exceptionnal circumstances be involved primarily. The incidence of latero-aortic metastases has recently been high-lighted by pre-treatment staging laparotomy. Besides lymphatic metastases, systematic metastases via a venous spread are rare. They indicate a late diagnosis or therapy failure with pelvic relapse. The therapeutic effort in cancer of the uterine cervix, at the present time, ought to be found on loco-regional treatment using either radiotherapy or surgery.
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PMID:[Anatomical extension of invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix (author's transl)]. 55 77

The authors present their own experience about the colposcopic findings in the vagina after radical operative interventions, radiological or combined radiological and surgical treatment of carcinome of the genitals in women. On the basis of 902 checkups of such patients in whom there were 65 (7,20%) suspect colposcopic findings and 43 (4,76%) relapses the authors present detailed descriptions of the colposcopic patterns of relapses, that is, metastases and degenerative changes in the vagina after the above mentioned therapeutical procedures.
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PMID:[The role of colposcopy in the follow-up examinations of the treated genital carcinoma in women]. 55 98

A case of choriocarcinoma in a 17-year-old unmarried female is presented. She attended the E.N.T. Clinic with a rapidly growing mass at the tip of the nose. Histologic report of the excised mass was reported as a secondary deposit from a choriocarcinoma. Further questioning at this stage revealed the history of an abortion two years before. Gynecological examination revealed secondary deposits in the vagina. X-rays of the chest showed evidence of metastases in the lungs. She died of profuse bleeding from the vagina.
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PMID:Choriocarcinoma of the nose. 56 10

The presence of malignant tumor cells in a vaginal and cervical smear of a 53-year-old female with vaginal bleeding and with subsequent negative hsitology of the scraping material could be later correlated with a leiomyosarcoma of the myometrium that produced deep local invasion and pulmonary metastases. The findings that favor the cytologic diagnosis of this neoplasm are the presence of isolated cells or the side-by-side arrangement of the tumor cells, the elongated shape of the cytoplasm, and the ovoidal cigar-shaped nuclei with sparse, coarse chromocenters. Cytologic differential diagnosis of other malignant neoplasms capable of cellular exfoliation into the vagina is discussed.
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PMID:Cytopathologic manifestation of uterine leiomyosarcoma. Case report. 67 50

Horones as a therapeutic agent are practically not used in gynecologic oncology, because gynecological malignomas are hormonally independent. Therapeutically succesful in only the use of Progesterone in metastases and relapses of endometrial cancer and of Estrogen in the palliative treatment of cervical cancer relapses. However, significant results are obtained by cytostatic therapy, particularly in carcinomas of the ovary and in choriocarcinomas; the therapy is somewhat less successful in the cancer of the oviduct and vulva, while in the cancer of the cervix and vagina it is not successful at all. Polychemotherapy is recommended because it results in better remissions and is less aggressive.
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PMID:[Cytostatic and hormonal therapy on oncologic gynecology (author's transl)]. 75 24

In a series consisting of 400 cases of carcinoma of the uterine cervix, the authors encountered a therapeutic failure rate of 43,5%-5,8% were due to advanced localized disease, 29,4% to locoregional recurrence, and 8,3% to tardive isolated metastases. Of the 126 recurrences, 25 were localized to the cervix or vagina, 67 were elsewhere within the pelvis, and 34 were both localized and pelvic. These recurrences, more frequently found in the advanced stages of cervical neoplasia, are usually due to insufficient external or internal irradiation of the parametria or central part of the pelvis. The current methods of external irradiation using high energy sources in combination with curietherapy using a more appropriately suited material tend to decrease the failure rate due to insufficient irradiation.
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PMID:[The failures of the exclusive physiotherapy of carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Study of their topography and their causes]. 82 42


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