Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of female urethral diverticulum is reported by the authors. It is a rare disease and about 31 cases have previously been described. An analysis is made in relation to the diverticulum of the urethra and to female urethral carcinoma. Emphasis is given on the semiology and the recently acquired diagnostic procedures, as these have led to an increased number of recognized cases. In the case presented, an extended resection and a definitive urinary derivation was performed, together with chemo- and radiotherapy. A follow-up of 2.5 years showed no signs of recurrence or metastases.
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PMID:Carcinoma in diverticulum of female urethra. 10 1

Metastases from transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder are not widely appreciated radiographically, although they are commonly found at autopsy. Radiographic evidence of metastatic disease was reviewed in 51 patients. Sites included lung, 28; bone, 24; mediastinum, eight; liver, eight; brain, three; urethra, one; abdominal nodes, one; and extradural space, two. The patterns of lung metastases consisted of solitary nodules, multiple nodules, sigmental infiltrates, pulmonary edema, and a Pancoast tumor. A sarcoidlike pattern with hilar and interstitial disease was also seen. One patient had a malignant pleural effusion. Mediastinal lymph node enlargement was isolated or associated with lung involvement. Bone metastases demonstrated either an osteoblastic or a mixed osteolytic-osteoblastic pattern in 47% of the instances. Ivory vertebrae were identified in three patients. Because of the significance of identifying metastatic disease before any extensive curative bladder surgery, we recommend at least a preoperative chest radiograph, a bone scan, and a liver scan.
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PMID:Metastatic transitional cell carcinoma from the bladder: radiographic manifestions. 10 47

50 prostate carcinomas which were totally prostatectomized together with removal of the seminal vesicles in all cases and pelvic lymphadenectomy in 38 cases were studied histologically. The material was cut by step-section technique in 5 mm thick slices and "large area slides" were made. 4 of the 50 carcinomas were morphologically circumscribed (stage I), 6 tumors were limited to the organ (stage II) and 40 prostate carcinomas had already penetrated the capsule, i.e. fascia of Denonvillier (stage III). In 12 cases the seminal vesicles were involved, regional lymph node metastases were seen 8 times. The carcinomas were mainly localized in the peripheral part of the organ (28 X in the periphery, 21 X both peripherally and centrally and only 1 X in the centre). Multifocal tumor growth was found in 30 cases (60%). The main mass of tumor was mostly situated in the middle (25 X) and caudal (15 X) zone of the prostate. During the course of tumor growth the expansion was directed centrally but then mainly longitudinal and parallel to the urethra. By progressing tumor volume there was a noticeable increase in capsular penetration as well as infiltration of the seminal vesicles and lymph node metastases. Histologically 10 carcinomas showed a uniform pattern, a unique solid and/or cribriform tumor architecture was never observed. 90% of the pluriform carcinomas consisted of the morphological stage III.
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PMID:Carcinoma and dysplastic lesions of the prostate. A histomorphological analysis of 50 total prostatectomies by step-section technique. 13 94

Three cases of primary nonpapillary carcinoma of the urinary bladder diagnosed by urinary cytology and multiple biopsies were reported. Bladder specimens of two of the patients were totally embedded for step-sections that were mapped after histopathologic study. Atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma in situ with foci of microscopic invasion affected the bladder mucosa and extended continuously to the distal ureters as well as prostatic urethra. Multicentric distribuion of the abnormal epithelium was definite in one case, and the bladder mucosa was extensively denuded in the other case. Metastasis to one of the regional lymph nodes was noted in the remaining one case. The origin of Pagetoid cells occurring in two of the cases is obscure, but we presume that these cells may represent transformed tumor cells showing differentiation toward the surface umbrella cells, or they are derived from Brunn's nests where the cells may gain potential to differentiate to glandular epithelium.
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PMID:Nonpapillary carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder. A histopathologic study and mapping of the urothelial lesions. 46 59

Carcinoma of the male urethra is an uncommon tumor. Four patients are reported in this investigation. All the patients belonged to the middle age group under the age of 45 years. None of them suffered from preivous urethral structure. The most unusual presentation was impotence due to the involvement of the corpus spongiosum of the penis. Urethrogram and urethroscopy with biopsy are the most useful aids in the diagnosis. All of them had epidermoid carcinoma nad were treated with external radiation therapy. Two patients with distal urethral lesions without metastases responded well with a 4 and 5 years survival and disappearence of the tumor. Two patients with extensive bulbomembranous lesions had palliation with relief of pain and partial regression of the tumor. Radiation therapy in a properly selected patient with an early lesion gives gratifying result.
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PMID:Radiotherapy in the treatment of carcinoma of the male urethra. 63 95

In a review of cases of neoplasia in dogs seen at The Animal Medical Center during a 6-year period, 20 cases of primary urethral tumors were found. The majority of these cases were in older dogs (av abe, 10.4 years) and females (18/20). The most common clinical signs were hematuria and stranguria. Nineteen of the 20 tumors were diagnosed clinically, and the most consistent and useful diagnostic method was pneumocystography-cystography, with voiding urethrography. Of the 5 tumor types (squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, hemangiosarcoma, and embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma), squamous cell carcinoma was the most common (12/20). Metastasis occurred in 6 of the 20 dogs. Because of metastasis to regional lymph nodes and diffuse extent of the tumor in the urethra in many of the dogs, a caudal abdominal approach for surgical excision is recommended if treatment is attempted.
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PMID:Primary urethral tumors in dogs. 64 87

An ileal conduit diversion followed 7 to 14 days later by cystourethrectomy with pelvic node dissection was done on 20 patients with carcinoma of the bladder. Two types of patients were selected for this operation: 1) those with an advanced stage of carcinoma involving the bladder neck, prostatic urethra or prostate, primarily cases suspected of having focal metastatic disease in the urethra, and 2) patients who had had a previous pelvic operation with resultant dense adhesions and scarring. The cystourethrectomy with pelvic node dissection is begun perineally. After the specimen, consisting of the urethra, part of the urogenital diaphragm, seminal vesicles, prostate and bladder is dissected, mobilized and, finally, pushed into the pelvis the perineum is closed and the operation is completed abdominanlly through a Pfannenstiel incision.
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PMID:Perineal-abdominal cystourethrectomy with pelvic node dissection: a new 2-stage procedure for selected cases. 66 Jul 28

Six female beagle dogs were given a daily dose of 100 mg MOCA, by capsule, 3 days per week for the first 6 weeks and then 5 days per week continuously for periods up to 9.0 years. The dose varied from 8 to 15 mg/kg body weight/day among the dogs. Six female beagle dogs were kept as untreated controls. The test was terminated after 9.0 years of treatment. The average plasma glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity of the dogs fed MOCA was higher than that of the controls during the first and last two years on test. During the eighth and ninth years the urine sediment from MOCA dogs contained excessive numbers of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and epithelial cells. Some epithelial cells contained abnormalities that suggested neoplasia in the genitourinary tract. One MOCA dog, sacrificed after 8.3 years on test was found to have a papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Of four MOCA dogs sacrificed after 9.0 years on test, three were found to have papillary transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder and one had a combined transitional cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the urethra. The urethral tumor had metastasized to the liver, but the papillary transitional cell carcinomas found in the other four dogs did not invade the muscle layers of the bladder wall and did not metastasize. Since no urinary bladder tumors were found in the six control dogs, MOCA was considered to be carcinogenic for the urinary bladder of dogs under the conditions employed (p less than 0.025, Fisher's Exact Test, one tail). Three of five MOCA dogs contained hyperplastic nodules in the liver with no such nodules in six control dogs (p greater than 0.05, Fisher's Exact Test, one tail). This was considered to be suggestive of an effect of MOCA treatment.
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PMID:Urinary bladder tumors in dogs from 4,4'-methylene-bis (2-chloroaniline) (MOCA). 72 85

A female patient is described with multiple papillary transitional cell tumours involving left renal pelvis, left ureter, bladder and urethra with metastases to uterine cervix, uterine cavity and left ovary with cyst formation. The surgical management and possible explanations of the pathogenesis are discussed.
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PMID:Multiple urothelial tumours with metastases to uterus and left ovary. A case report. 84 13

We reviewed 23 cases of primary carcinoma of the male urethra and compared the clinical findings, treatment and results to the experiences previously reported. Patients with lesions of the pendulous urethra managed by appropriate amputation of the penis with ilio-inguinal node dissection for groin metastases had a good prognosis, whereas patients with lesions of the bulbo-membranous or prostatic urethra had a poor prognosis. Despite occasional successful results with conservative surgical excision and over-all poor results with radical excision the generally extensive nature of such tumors necessarily makes radical excision the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Experience with primary carcinoma of the male urethra. 87 Jul 8


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