Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasma hCT levels were less than 50 pg/ml in 50 normal subjects. In 16 patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT), plasma hCT levels were distinctively elevated and they fell significantly after total thyroidectomy, but in 11 of them plasma levels were still high, indicating the presence of metastases. In 74 patients with the other types of malignancy, plasma hCT levels were found to be high in 9 cases (3 oat cell carcinoma of the lung, 4 malignant carcinoids, one malignant pheochromocytoma and one acute myelocytic leukemia). Except for the leukemic case, all these tumors were derived from neural crest. In 12 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, plasma hCT levels were less than 20 pg/ml. In 13 hypoparathyroid patients, two with pseudohypoparathyroidism and one with pseudoidiopathic hypoparathyroidism, plasma hCT levels were slightly elevated. Some patients with uremia had elevated plasma hCT levels, but there was no relation between plasma levels of hCT and those of PTH, urea nitrogen or creatinine. In response to Ca (4.5 mg/kg/10 min) or tetragastrin (4 mug/kg/5 min) infusion, a marked increase in plasma hCT was observed in all patients with MCT, but not in normal subjects. In 5 hypoparathyroid patients, a significant increase to both stimuli was also observed in all cases. Two patients with pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism responded to the Ca load. These results indicate that the determination of plasma hCT levels especially after a short Ca or tetragastrin infusion is important to study various pathological conditions.
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PMID:Plasma human calcitonin (hCT) levels in normal and pathologic conditions, and their responses to short calcium or tetragastrin infusion. 19 Dec 50

Carcinoma metastatic to the ureter is uncommon, only 160 patients having been reported upon to date. During a ten year period, 82 patients with ureteral obstruction, secondary to metastatic disease, were seen at the UCLA Hospital. A critical analysis of the records of these patients revealed important clinical and diagnostic criteria to aid in the evaluation and treatment of extrinsic ureteral obstruction. Tumors of the cervix, prostate, breast and colon-rectum were the most common primary lesions to metastasize to the ureter. Subtle changes in urinary symptoms or in laboratory values should alert the physician to the possibility of ureteral involvement. Early detection of metastatic ureteral obstruction prior to the ravages of uremia may allow time for more aggressive use of adjuvant therapeutic modalities that would, at a later stage of the disease, be ineffectual or contraindicated.
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PMID:Ureteral obstruction secondary to metastatic tumors. 41 34

Forty-two patients with a bladder tumour and 4 patients with a ureteral tumour and a history of abuse of phenacetin-containing analgesics were studied. The sex ratio was 1:1, and the mean age 63 years. The estimated amount of ingested phenacetin was 7.1 kg, the estimated mean exposure time 21 years, and the estimated mean induction time 30 years. Renal papillary necrosis and impaired renal function were found in 34 patients. A history of recurrent urinary tract infection was found in 80 per cent of the patients, suggesting that the combination of phenacetin-abuse and chronic inflammation might be responsible for the localization of the tumours to the bladder. The majority of the bladder tumours were of low grade (1 and 2); muscular invasion was seldom found and metastases were rare. The patients were followed for 1.5-13 years. Twenty-six patients died; the mean survival time was 46 months. Uremia due to analgesic nephropathy was the main cause of death in 14 patients and contributed to death in another 7 patients. Three of the patients with ureteral tumours had received radiological treatment against the pelvic region, 15-20 years prior to the diagnosis of the ureteral tumour.
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PMID:Tumours of urinary bladder and ureter associated with abuse of phenacetin-containing analgesics. 60 64

A series of 6 patients with ureteral metastases from breast carcinoma treated by radiation therapy has been evaluated. Most patients received a tumor dose of 3,600 rads in 3 to 4 weeks, and showed remarkable clinical improvement, with relief of the ureteral obstruction and reversal of symptoms and signs of uremia after radiation therapy. One patient died before an adequate dose of radiation therapy could be given. Early recognition and early treatment of ureteral metastases have been stressed. Radiation therapy techniques have been described.
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PMID:Radiation therapy of ureteral metastases from breast cancer. 61

The authors have evaluated a new kinetic acid phosphatase method in which the substrate is alpha-naphthyl phosphate. The original claim that this substrate was highly specific for the prostatic isozyme has been strongly challenged. Therefore, large numbers of patients in the following groupings were included in the evaluation: 52 urology clinic patients, 17 patients with uremia, 11 patients with multiple myeloma and 231 patients who had undergone prostatic biopsies. Two hundred seventy of these patients were found to be free of prostatic cancer. Of these, seven had acid phosphatase values above the upper limit of normal. Five of these seven patients had diagnoses of fibromuscular glandular hyperplasia. One was a woman who had multiple myeloma, and one was a uremic patient. Fifteen of 17 patients who had metastatic cancer of the prostate had elevated acid phosphatase activities, whereas one of 24 patients who had cancer of the prostate but no evidence of metastases had an elevated value.
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PMID:An evaluation of a kinetic acid phosphatase method. 86 5

In the clinic 53 patients with primary bone tumors of the sacrococcygeal region and sacroiliac junctions were observed. Surgical methods of treatment were used in 33, combined--in 7, radiation therapy--in 10, drug therapy--in 3. Recurrences developed in 7 cases, metastases were revealed in 14. The results of treatment in patients with neoplasms in this region were studied. Twenty five patients died from generalization of the process, metastases, intestinal obstruction and uremia. The remaining 28 patients have been followed up within the terms from 1 to 5 years and longer.
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PMID:[Results of treatment of primary bone neoplasms of the sacrococcygeal region]. 109 Oct 75

Males on long-term dialysis tend to develop more severe forms of acquired cystic disease of the kidney than females. The severity of the disease is unaffected by therapeutic modality, either hemodialysis or CAPD, however, cystic transformation becomes less extensive after successful renal transplantation. The fundamental pathological change characteristic of acquired cystic disease is epithelial hyperplasia, with the uremic milieu and duration of uremia being the most important factors in its development. Renal cell carcinoma, the most important complication of acquired renal cystic disease, has a high prevalence and incidence, usually remains symptomless and sometimes reveals metastases. Therefore, many clinicians and investigators, but not all, accept the need for regular screening of all dialysis patients for the development of renal cell carcinoma. Major complications of acquired renal cystic disease, malignancy and retroperitoneal bleeding, will become increasingly important because of the growing number of patients on long-term dialysis.
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PMID:Uremic acquired renal cystic disease. Natural history and complications. 189 90

The term "teratoid" Wilms' tumor has been used recently to describe an unusual type of tumor in which, although classic nephroblastoma tissue is present, there is a significant diversity of cell types and tissues present. Examination of tissue samples from 290 patients treated at St Jude Children's Research Hospital from 1964 to 1987 disclosed that three children had teratoid Wilms' tumor. All three children had renal tumors and two of them presented with bilateral pyeloureteral obstruction, uremia, and hypertension. When compared with classic nephroblastoma, two of the children with teratoid elements responded poorly to chemotherapy and irradiation, although no metastatic disease was identified. One child died with sepsis and renal failure; the other two are surviving disease-free for 7 1/2 years and 26+ months since diagnosis. Because of the tendency for bilateral involvement, ureteral obstruction, and uremia, and their relative resistance to chemotherapy and irradiation, surgery is the principal form of therapy for patients with these tumors.
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PMID:Teratoid Wilms' tumor: the St Jude experience. 285 18

To characterize the prolactin secretion in human breast cancer, plasma prolactin levels were measured in 514 patients with breast cancer in long term follow-up studies. In hyperprolactinemic patients suppression and stimulation tests were performed and the 24-h secretion profile was recorded. Tissue extracts and sera of hyperprolactinemic breast cancer patients were incubated with cultured pituitary cells in vitro to detect a prolactin releasing activity in these specimens. 44% of breast cancer patients developed hyperprolactinemia in the course of the disease. In 35% of measurements hyperprolactinemia was induced by non tumor related causes, e.g. prolactin-stimulating drugs, surgery, uremia, prolactinoma. Excluding such influences on the prolactin level, hyperprolactinemia over 1,000 mU/l was almost only found in patients with progressive metastatic disease. In these patients hyperprolactinemia was associated with tumor load, but not correlated to BSR, CEA or prognostic factors. Hyperprolactinemia in breast cancer was not of paraneoplastic origin. No prolactin-releasing activity was detected in tumor tissue and sera of hyperprolactinemic breast cancer patients.
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PMID:[Pathophysiology of hyperprolactinemia in breast cancer]. 304 29

While malignant schwannoma is encountered frequently as soft tissue sarcomas, it rarely is found to originate in the bone. We have had a case of malignant schwannoma originating from the tibia of a 47-year-old man. He died from uremia, that resulted from lung, spinal vertebral body, and lymph nodes metastases, despite surgical treatment and chemotherapy. In cases of rare bone tumors, the clinical diagnosis of tumoral manifestations originating in the bone is more important than the histopathological diagnosis.
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PMID:[A case report of malignant schwannoma originating from the bone]. 361 20


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