Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy (PNAB) of mediastinal masses was carried out in 116 patients. The technique yielded a high percentage of correct diagnoses, and the results were usually available within hours. More importantly, the procedure was well tolerated by patients, and in this series of 116 cases, only one serious complication was encountered. There was a high accuracy (90.3%) in the cytologic diagnosis of mediastinal metastases from lung and extrathoracic sites. Excellent results were also achieved with the cytologic diagnosis of thymoma (82.4%). Very good results were achieved with benign mediastinal cysts, and PNAB with aspiration of fluid proved to be a valuable tool in the diagnosis of these lesions. The results achieved with the cytologic diagnosis of lymphoma supported by pathology (66.7%) and with neurogenic tumors were acceptable, but less impressive.
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PMID:Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy of mediastinal lesions. 633 29

We report on a 30-year-old female patient with therapy-refractory polymorphous exanthema and widespread erosions in the oral and genital mucosa. The alterations demonstrated in the skin and genital mucosa were associated with a malignant thymoma with metastases being interpretatet as a paraneoplastic syndrome. There was a remarkably large spectrum of circulating antibodies, which had no corresponding clinical correlation. Our examination results indicate a dysregulation between cellular and humoral immunity, obviously caused by the malignant thymoma, with an extraordinary, uncontrolled production of antibodies against structures belonging to the body and alien structures.
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PMID:[Malignant thymoma with polymorphic exanthema and erosive mucous membrane changes]. 652 46

Ninety-six cancer patients received a total of 280 courses of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP), alone (20 patients), or in combination with other agents. DDP was given in 20 mg/m2 as a continuous 24-hour infusion daily for 5 consecutive days, repeated every 4 to 6 weeks. Patients were adequately hydrated for 12 hours prior to treatment but no diuretics or mannitol were used. Twenty percent of the patients developed no toxicity. Nausea and vomiting were lacking in 42% of 256 evaluable cycles and were mild in 36%. Nephrotoxicity was observed in four patients (5%) and was reversible on cessation of therapy in all except one. Hypomagnesemia occurred in 4% of 140 evaluable cycles. Mild ototoxicity was noted in two patients. The therapeutic efficacy of this dose schedule could not be adequately assessed, but one patient with thymoma and extensive pulmonary metastases achieved partial remission on DDP alone, and another with progressive mediastinal thymoma achieved stabilization of disease. In conclusion, this study suggests that the toxicity of the 5-day continuous infusion regimen is relatively mild. Randomized trials are indicated to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of this new regimen, and the role of DDP in the treatment of malignant thymoma should be further explored.
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PMID:Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) by 5-day continuous infusion. A new dose schedule with minimal toxicity. 653 93

In a 46-year-old female patient with malignant thymoma and concomitant myasthenia gravis relapse with gravitational metastases occurred 6 1/2 years after the first operation. Metastases could be removed surgically only partially and were subsequently irradiated with 50 Gy. After 3 1/2 years renewed metastatic growth occurred. Until then the concomitant myasthenia had been stable during treatment with pyridostigmine and azathioprin and intermittent prednisone; acetylcholine receptor antibody titres had remained largely stable. Combined cytostatic treatment with vincristine, cyclophosphamide, prednisone and doxorubicin or cisplatin led to regression of metastases during the observation period of 1 1/2 years and at the same time to stabilisation of the myasthenia. Acetylcholine receptor antibody titres decreased and this was roughly paralleled by clinical improvement. Whereas there is no obvious correlation of antibodies against acetylcholine-receptor protein and tendency of tumour growth there is good agreement with the course of the accompanying myasthenia.
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PMID:[Antibody-controlled cytostatic therapy of malignant thymoma with concomitant myasthenia gravis]. 654 2

The authors present the case of a 48-year-old female known to have malignant thymoma with metastases for 6 years and treated continuously for 4 years by corticosteroids with marked regression of tumor. The patient ceased medication on her own accord, and was admitted with extensively enlarged tumor and metastases in association with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). In view of the previous excellent response of the thymoma to corticosteroids, the same treatment was given again with disappearance of the tumor and the features of SIADH. The authors are unaware of previous use of corticosteroids in SIADH as a consequence of their effect on tumor regressions.
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PMID:Steroid therapy in inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone due to malignant thymoma. 662 56

A patient, a 46-year-old female, with a malignant thymoma spreading to the extrathoracic region is described. She underwent a thoracotomy and received radiation therapy, but the myasthenic symptoms did not disappear. A metastatic thymoma of the right mandibula was removed 9 months after thoracotomy. Further examination revealed metastatic thymomas of the bone and liver. After the operation the patient received combination chemotherapy (vincristine, cyclophosphamide, 6-mercaptopurine, prednisone) and remained asymptomatic for 31 months. She was found to have a metastatic thymoma in the occipital lobe of the brain 3.5 years after thoracotomy, and died from infection of the lung. Distant metastases and chemotherapy in malignant thymoma are reviewed.
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PMID:Malignant thymoma with distant metastases: a case report and review of the literature. 668 86

Computed tomography is believed to have a definite role in the evaluation of malignant pleural mesothelioma based on a review of computed tomography findings in 23 of our patients and previous reports. Twelve patients had a single computed tomography examination, and 11 had two or more studies. Computed tomography permits better appreciation of the extent of the tumor. This permits appropriate selection of therapy and may demonstrate that surgery or radiotherapy is not indicated. computed tomography often permits more accurate evaluation following chemotherapy and may be the only means by which to follow a patient after radical surgery. Computed tomography also has a role in differential diagnosis. It facilitates distinction of malignant pleural mesothelioma from rounded atelectasis, pleural changes of asbestosis, and pleural involvement with lymphoma and thymoma. It aids, but may not be diagnostic, in separating malignant pleural mesothelioma from metastases to the pleura.
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PMID:Malignant pleural mesothelioma: the role of computed tomography. 669 81

This report documents the results of therapy in 23 patients treated for malignant thymoma between 1944 and 1979. Of the group, 22 patients had neoplasms which invaded mediastinal structures; six had distant metastases. Four patients had myasthenia gravis and one had erythroid hypoplasia associated with collagen vascular disease. No deaths were associated with primary therapy, which included an operative procedure in all cases. Follow-up ranged from 4 months to 18 years (mean 5.63 +/- 1.03 years, SEM). Fifteen patients died, with postoperative survival times ranging from 4 months to 18 years (mean 3.8 +/- 1.27 years). Five patients were alive without recurrence from 3 to 11 years postoperatively (mean 6.8 +/- 1.36 years), and three patients were alive with recurrence or distant metastases from 4 to 17 years postoperatively (mean 10.75 +/- 2.66 years). Differences in survival on the basis of tumor cell type were not statistically significant. Therapeutic groups were analyzed for 5 year survivors, tumor deaths within 5 years of therapy, deaths due to other causes, deaths due to tumor after 5 years, those presently alive, and longest known survivor. The data suggest that complete surgical excision offers the best chance of long-term survival when compared to partial resection plus irradiation (p less than 0.05). No statistical significance could be demonstrated between the groups who had complete resection with versus without postoperative irradiation. There also was no statistically significant difference between the group of patients receiving irradiation following partial excision of most of their tumor and the group receiving irradiation following only biopsy of the lesion. This observation suggests there is no value in so-called "debulking procedures" and suggests that irradiation may be of value in local control of thymoma. Perpetual surveillance is necessary since late recurrence is common.
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PMID:Management of patients with malignant thymoma. 669 21

Report about the rare occurrence of ovarian metastases from a thymoma. Exstirpation of a lymphoepithelial thymoma was performed in a female patient at the age of twenty. 10 months afterwards a large tumour in the abdomen was the cause for a laparotomy. The situs showed a gigantic ovarian tumour (size 20 X 20 X 10 cm). The histological diagnosis was a metastatic tumour from the lymphoepithelial thymoma. Salpingo-Oophorectomy, radiotherapy and immunosuppressive therapy with glucocorticoids were used.
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PMID:[Ovarian metastasis of a thymoma]. 673 Jul 70

A 57-year-old white woman presented with pericardial effusion and an anterior superior mediastinal mass protruding through the sternum. The diagnosis of thymoma was established by the light and electron microscopic features of a biopsy specimen and a pericardial aspirate. The tumour was a thymic carcinoma, a recently described variant characterized by cellular atypia, enhanced invasiveness, and a higher incidence of metastases. Presentation as an anterior chest wall mass has not been described. Response to radiotherapy was slow and incomplete, and tumour progression occurred during treatment with cisplatin. The chemotherapy of thymoma is reviewed: some apparent responses to agents that are primarily lympholytic may represent the elimination of non-neoplastic lymphocytes from the tumour mass, with spurious radiological improvement and theoretically a risk of tumour enhancement.
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PMID:Invasive thymoma: unique presentation as an anterior chest wall mass. 688 42


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