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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty-seven thymomas, defined as neoplasms of the epithelial-reticular framework cells of the thymus, were assessed in respect to histologic type, inclusive of there ultrastructural aspects. The median age of the 57 patients was 40.4 years, with a range of 2 1/2--72 years. All neoplasms were located in the anterior mediastinum. The tumours in 40 cases were encapsulated and without invasion of adjacent tissue or implants (equal to non-invasive thymomas). The tumors in 17 cases were invasive of adjacent tissue, particularly mediastinal pleura, pericard and trachea. Six of 57 patients (equal to 10.5%) with thymomas have had a thoracic and supraclavicular lymph node metastasis, and osteolytic metastases in the vertebrae and sternum. Thirty-seven (equal to 64.9%) were so-called lympho-epithelial, 7 (equal to 12.3%) pure epithelial, 4 (equal to 7.0%) atypical (or anaplastic) with granulomatous focuses, 3 (equal to 5.3%) carcinoid and one (equal to 1.8%) seminomatous tumors. One patient have had a thymic cyst as a tumor-like conditions of the thymus, and four patients (equal to 7.0%) have had a thymo-lipoma. The histologic type of thymoma had no proof value in predicting prognosis with the exception of the so-called atypical or anaplastic thymoma. The fine structural aspects of thymomas and the fine structural differential diagnosis of anterior mediastinal tumors are discussed.
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PMID:[A comparative clinical and pathological study on the classification and prognostic features of 57 thymomas. I. Microscopy and ultrastructural pathology (author's transl)]. 14 45

The patient described in this clinical demonstration suffered from severe myasthenia gravis shortly before the detection and for 3 years after surgical removal of a cystic thymoma. At the end of this period, when the myasthenia subsided, she developed systemic lupus erythematosus simultaneously with pleural implantation metastases of the thymoma. After local radiation therapy and under systemic immunosuppression she has remained asymptomatic since the spring of 1978. The pathogenetic and immunogenetic basis of myasthenia gravis and autoimmune diseases associated with thymoma and thymus hyperplasia is reviewed, and a plea is entered for more comprehensive and integrative internal medicine.
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PMID:[Myasthenia gravis and visceral lupus erythematosus]. 39 18

Malignant thymoma is a relatively rare condition and a review of the literature reveals approximately 100 reported cases. Only a small percentage of these have been treated with megavoltage radiation therapy; therefore, it is difficult to find the necessary information to establish a proper time-dose relationship for treatment. This report deals with the radiation therapy and survival data concerning nine patients treated for malignant thymoma during a ten year period at the Medical University of South Carolina. Megavoltage irradiation in the dose range of 3500-4800 rads was employed in all patients. All gross tumor was completely resected in only three patients, two had a biopsy only, and the remaining four had subtotal resections. Local tumor control has been 100% with the average follow-up being 5.5 years and a minimum of 30 months. Three patients are dead; one from intercurrent disease, one from myasthenia gravis, and one from radiation injury to the spinal cord. One patient is alive with metastatic disease controlled by chemotherapy. The technique of radiation therapy is outlined, as well as suggested treatment policy.
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PMID:Radition therpay control of nine patients with malignant thymoma. 41 30

Eight cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the anterior mediastinum, most likely derived from the thymus, are presented. Seven were male and one female ranging in age from 39 to 65 years; the average was 55.5 years. There were no cases associated with any paraneoplastic syndromes. They possessed common morphological characteristics. Grossly, the tumors resembled malignant thymoma. Invasion of the lung and metastases to regional lymph nodes were frequent. Often observed microscopically were foci of sharply defined keratinization resembling Hassall's corpuscles, no radial arrangement of tumor cells at the periphery of nests, and broad, fibrotic, or hyalinized stroma. Admixture of a few lymphoid cells and some features transitional to thymoma were also observed in some parts of tumors. However, undoubtedly carcinomatous areas were present in some or large parts of all the tumors, where individual cells possessed a vesicular nucleus and a prominent round nucleolus. These features were distinct from those of bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma and other thymic tumors, although they appeared to be related to thymoma. Treatment of choice is radical surgery and postoperative radiotherapy, because of relatively high radiosensitivity. Prognosis of patients was relatively good. From analyses of cases it is concluded that squamous cell carcinoma of the thymus should be separated from ordinary thymoma of the epithelial type, and that squamous cell carcinoma involving both the thymus and lungs should be carefully examined for the primary site of growth.
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PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma of the thymus. An analysis of eight cases. 60 73

A series of 43 patients with thymoma was reviewed. The patients were classified with respect to some factors of prognostic significance. The tumors were reclassified histologically, and a staging system with three defined stage-groups was applied to the series on the basis of operative findings and histological examination of surgical specimens. Surgical-pathological staging is of high prognostic and therapeutic importance in thymomas. Complete removal of the tumor was possible in the 25 patients with stage I or II disease and in 14 of the 18 patients with stage III tumors. Pleural metastases were observed in half of the patients with stage III disease. Even patients with extensive local spread or pleural metastases were subject to tumor resection. The treatment of choice is radical resection along in stage I; radical extirpation and, if indicated, postoperative radiotherapy in stage II; and radical resection whenever possible, even in cases of pleural spread, in stage III, with postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Myasthenia gravis is an indication rather than a contraindication to radical treatment of thymoma, although some patients may deterioratte. The importance of total thymectomy is stressed.
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PMID:Tumors of the thymus and thymic region: I. Clinicopathological studies on thymomas. 62 43

A patient with a malignant lymphoepithelial thymoma and pleural metastases is described. Incidental treatment with adrenocortical steroids after an allergic reaction resulted in a marked regression of the masses for a period of 18 months. A second course of treatment resulted in complete radiological regession of the tumors, and the patient has remained symptom free with normal chestX-rays for a further period of 18 months.
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PMID:Regression of malignant thymoma with metastases after treatment with adrenocortical steroids. 66 25

A patient with metastasizing thymoma is presented. This case, as well as 31 previously reported cases in the literature, demonstrate that thymoma may give distant metastases and that the behavior of the tumors cannot be predicted on histologic grounds. The case reported here is the first case where angiography was performed.
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PMID:Malignant thymoma with renal metastases. Report of a case. 67 91

A 53-year old woman had for 14 years been under clinical observation for a right-sided intrapulmonary thymoma. As a terminal development, metastases appeared in the liver. The tumour was not classified until necropsy, and that with the assistance of electronoptic proof of the epithelial squamous appearance of large tumour cells.
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PMID:[Intrapulmonary thymoma]. 68 81

In the case presented, metastases to extrathoracic sites developed in a 53-year-old man four years after the diagnosis of inoperable thymoma had been established. The appearance of metastases was preced by an extensive intrathoracic invasion of the tumour. The thymoma was of epithelial subtype which was the most common (67 percent) type also in the previously published 29 cases of thymomas metastasizing to extrathoracic sites.
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PMID:Thymoma metastasizing to extrathoracic sites. A case report. 96 25

Case report on course and radiological symptomatology of malignant thymoma. The unusual course of the young patient and the extensive haematogenic and lymphogenic metastases are stressed. The current opinion on a low tendency of malignant thymoma to metastasize is discussed. Therapeutic regimen and radiological criteria of thymoma are described.
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PMID:[Extensive lymphogenous and haematogenic formation of metastases in a case of malignant thymoma (author's transl)]. 101 21


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