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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The histopathology of an anular erythemalike dermatosis unexpectedly showed metastases of a carcinoma of the ovary.
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PMID:[Skin metastasis of an ovarian carcinoma imitating erythema anulare]. 43 73

A case-report of a patient with acquired ichthyosis is given. The symptoms of the main disease-ascites, heavy edema, cachexia and general dissolution-became manifest at the same time as the cutaneous manifestations. The histological examination of a neck lymph node showed metastases of a carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract. The autopsy resulted in the diagnosis M. Hodgkin. The dermatosis (ichthyosis) is explained as cutaneous pareneoplastic syndrome. The pathogenesis of the disease and the possible role of A-vitaminosis resp. disturbance of vit. A metabolism in the manifestation of the cutaneous manifestations is discussed.
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PMID:[Acquired ichthyosis as a cutaneous symptom of Hodgkin's disease. Paraneoplastic syndrome]. 122 9

Radiation therapy is one of the oldest treatments available for cancer management. Since the discovery of x-rays and radioactivity in the 1890s, patients have been treated with radiation. Advances in equipment and in the understanding of radiobiology permit delivery of effective doses of radiation to tumors while minimizing normal tissue damage. Recent advances in radiation have expanded the scope of treatment. Large-field, large-dose radiation, such as half-body treatment, permits treatment of metastatic disease in an effective and well-tolerated manner in patients too ill to travel for therapy. Total skin electron therapy has been successful in managing extensive skin disease. Hyperfractionated treatment is an experimental approach that attempts to achieve better tumor control by treating with two fractions per day. Intraoperative radiation is a conceptually sound but logistically cumbersome plan in which treatment is given in a single fraction at the time of surgery. Its full potential may be realized when the technical difficulties of administration can be overcome. Brachytherapy is the use of radioactive sources implanted directly into the tumor or in a cavity in proximity to the tumor. Techniques have improved in both surgery and radiation, which allow previously inaccessible sites such as the brain to be implanted. Early-stage breast cancer has been effectively managed with lumpectomy followed by radiation. Hyperthermia is the use of heat in conjunction with radiation. Heat has been found to enhance the effect of radiation and limit the repair of radiation damage. The properties of heat cause it to be more damaging to tumor cells than to normal ones. The ability to sensitize cancer cells to radiation and protect normal cells from radiation has been an ongoing research objective. Clinical trials are in progress to isolate effective, easily administered, and nontoxic compounds. The nurse caring for the patient receiving radiation must have an understanding of how radiation works and what the treatment goals are for the patient. Radiation is a difficult modality for patients to understand. Many fears and concerns are based on this lack of comprehension. The nurse must be prepared to describe the experience of receiving radiation and assist patients to anticipate and manage side effects. Patients need to know what to expect from therapy in terms they can understand. Recent advances and experimental treatments should be explained in terms of what is known including the rationale for the procedures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Radiation therapy. Recent advances and nursing implications. 218 84

An osteogenic sarcoma of the tibia occurred in an eight-year-old boy with epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica hereditaria (EBDH) (Hallopeau-Siemens type). The patient had had the congenital skin disease since the time of birth. A painful swelling appeared in the proximal portion of his right tibia, which was diagnosed as osteogenic sarcoma on biopsy study. The patient died of massive pulmonary metastases and cachexia four months after the onset of the tumor. Osteogenic sarcoma in a patient with EBDH seems not to have been previously reported. EBDH has been known to be occasionally associated with squamous cell carcinoma. Whether an impairment of the patient's defense mechanism by the chronic skin disease might have enhanced the rapid progression of the associated bone malignancy is unknown.
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PMID:Osteogenic sarcoma of the tibia in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica. 342 8

Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica is a rare congenital skin disease inherited either as a recessive or dominant form, the latter form being less common and much less severe. Squamous cell carcinoma is a rare complication in the dominant form of the disease, only three such cases being reported before, making this case the fourth known case. Although the squamous cell carcinoma is well-differentiated by histopathology, it has a poor prognosis owing to its invasiveness, distant metastases, and multicentricity. Its management also poses a great challenge to the surgeon and personnel involved in patient care. A complete outline of the total management of such a case is described with some interesting observations not mentioned previously in the literature. All the previous three patients are deceased, and this is the only known surviving patient.
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PMID:Management of squamous cell carcinoma in a patient with dominant-type epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica: a surgical challenge. 398 81

Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex' syndrome) is a rare but clinically distinctive dermatosis that has been associated in all reported cases, to our knowledge, with either a primary malignant neoplasm of the upper aerodigestive tract or metastatic cancer to the lymph nodes of the neck. Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica was found in a 53-year-old black man with squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil. A distinctive series of changes was found on histopathologic examination of biopsy specimens taken from his skin lesions, and direct immunofluorescence microscopy of both lesional and nonlesional skin specimens showed immunoglobulin and complement deposition on the epidermal basement membrane. The skin lesions largely resolved following radiation therapy of the neoplasm and of the presumably involved lymph nodes.
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PMID:Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex' syndrome). Report of a case and review of the literature. 622 97

Cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes are a large group of dermatoses that may be associated with an internal malignancy. Among these dermatoses are acanthosis nigricans, tripe palms, dermatitis herpetiformis, dermatomyositis, extramammary Paget's disease, hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy, pemphigus vulgaris, pruritus, pyoderma gangrenosum, Sweet's syndrome and reactive erythemas. Once the diagnosis of the dermatosis has been confirmed, an appropriate work-up should be undertaken to search for an underlying asymptomatic neoplasm in a patient without known cancer or to detect recurrent or metastatic disease in a patient with an established history of malignancy.
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PMID:Cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes. 794 26

Cutaneous findings often reflect the presence and course of an internal disease. Recognition of external clues is important to facilitate both early diagnosis and prompt treatment of the internal disorder. Early recognition is especially valuable in a patient with an internal malignant disease because intervention may significantly affect survival. In this two-part series, we review the spectrum of cutaneous markers of internal malignancy. Part I focuses on malignant involvement of the skin caused by either direct extension or metastases and the genodermatoses with malignant potential. Part II will be devoted to the paraneoplastic skin manifestations of internal malignancy as well as environmental carcinogens that produce cutaneous features. We also discuss some proposed but controversial associations between skin disease and internal malignancy.
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PMID:Cutaneous markers of internal malignancy. I. Malignant involvement of the skin and the genodermatoses. 815 7

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare skin malignancy, which primarily affects the elderly. Currently, there is only limited data on the natural history of this condition and no consensus on its optimum management. We have reviewed the natural history and management of 22 patients with Merkel cell carcinoma, who were treated at the Royal Marsden Hospital between 1985 and 1994. The median age at diagnosis was 75 years (range 55-96), with the head and neck region being the most common site of disease (nine patients: 41%). Seventeen patients (77%) presented with skin disease, three (14%) with regional lymphadenopathy and two (9%) with metastatic disease. Of the Stage I patients, 41% developed local recurrence postoperatively at a median time to relapse of 12 months. Those with head and neck disease had the highest risk of local recurrence, which occurred in 62.5% of this group. Stage I patients also had a high risk of disease progression, with 53% developing regional lymphadenopathy or visceral metastases. The median survival for all disease stages was 47 months. The treatment of unresectable primary or recurrent disease with radiotherapy led to valuable long term control in four of nine patients treated. Six courses of chemotherapy were administered; one brief complete response was observed, occurring in a patient treated with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and doxorubicin. The data in this study confirms the predilection for the elderly and the aggressive nature of Merkel cell carcinoma, with only four of 17 Stage I patients remaining disease free. To clarify the role of adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy and to establish the appropriate use of chemotherapy in metastatic spread of this rare malignancy will require further studies with multicentre cooperation.
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PMID:The natural history and management of Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin: a review of 22 patients treated at the Royal Marsden Hospital. 926 48

Granuloma annulare is a benign dermatosis. Although granuloma annulare usually occurs as an idiopathic condition, it has been described in oncology patients. I report the case of a man in whom the appearance and resolution of granuloma annulare occurred in a paraneoplastic manner. The diagnosis of his previously unsuspected pulmonary adenocarcinoma was preceded by the concurrent onset of granuloma annulare lesions and tumor-related systemic symptoms. Two other patients with malignancy-associated granuloma annulare are discussed: a woman with breast cancer and a woman with cervical cancer. In these cases, the appearance of granuloma annulare was also temporally associated with the detection of a previously undiagnosed malignancy or the discovery of recurrent metastatic disease. The resolution of the dermatosis was temporally associated with the successful treatment of the neoplasm in these individuals. Granuloma annulare should be added to the list of cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes that may occur in patients with solid tumors.
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PMID:Granuloma annulare associated with malignancy. 934 23


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