Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a consectuive series of 734 patients with malignant tumorous of the lung, sarcoid reactions were observed in the mediastinal lymph nodes in 20 cases, i.e. in 3.2% of the 630 patients in whom these nodes were studied. Among these 20 patients, sarcoidosis was suspected in three. In two of these, granulomata were revealed in the tumour. Another two had metastases in the affected lymph nodes. All the common histological types of lung tumour were represented in the patients, but squamous-cell carcinomata showed a statistically significant preponderance as compared with anaplastic carcinomata. Three causes of such sarcoid reactions have been suggested: 1. an immunological reaction to substances released by the tumour and transported along the lymphatics; 2. an unrecognized sarcoidosis predisposing to lung cancer; 3. the co-existence of sarcoidosis and malignant tumour, possibly due to a common aetiological factor. The significant preponderance of squamous-cell carcinomata observed in this study is in favour of the first theory, because the slower growth and higher tendency to necrosis of this tumour type may be assumed to give rise to a more vigorous and longer-lasting stimulation of the regional lymph nodes.
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PMID:Sarcoid reactions in pulmonary neoplasms. 114 49

The recent development in thoracoscopic instrumentation has widely improved their surgical applications so to allow lung resection whether for diagnostic of therapeutic purpose. From June to December 1992, we performed 14 segmental atypical lung resections in 12 patients. The indications were: recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax due to bullae or blebs in 7 cases, solitary peripheric lung nodule in 6 cases, for diagnostic purposes in suspicious interstitial lung disease in one case. Lung resection were carried out using stapling device (EndoGIA). In the cases of solitary lung nodule, the frozen section confirmed the presence of metastases in 4 subjects and thus it was proceeded towards an exploratory mini-thoracotomy (3 cm long) so to allow a further palpatory video-assisted evaluation of the lung surface. The remaining 2 patients were diagnosed to have hamartomas. The wedge resection in the patient with interstitial lung disease allowed diagnosis of sarcoidosis. There were no postoperative complications, nor deaths. Video-thoracoscopic lung wedge resections are indicated for treating bullae and blebs while performing pleurectomy for spontaneous pneumothorax, for removing benign and metastatic peripheral lung nodules. The procedure is substantially diagnostic in case of interstitial lung diseases. It's important to underline that the therapeutic value of thoracoscopic approach for metastatic lung nodules has not proved to be less or more efficient than the thoracotomy one and for this reason further investigations are required.
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PMID:[Videothoracoscopic wedge resections of the lung]. 134 Nov 5

The diagnosis of humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy often presents considerable clinical problems. We have studied parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) in serum from patients with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy (N = 22), hypercalcaemia of malignancy with skeletal metastases (17), histologically confirmed primary hyperparathyroidism (21) and hypercalcaemic patients with various benign diseases (9). PTHrP measurements were also made in normocalcaemic patients with various malignancies (23), endocrine diseases (13), sarcoidosis (22) and chronic renal failure (17). PTHrP was measured by a novel radioimmunoassay using rabbit antibodies directed towards the midregion of the molecule. Immuno- or silica cartridge extraction of serum before radioimmunoassay enabled us to measure PTHrP in all samples, which may add further information about circulating forms of PTHrP. PTHrP was clearly elevated in patients with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy (5.0 +/- 4.7 pmol/l) (mean +/- SD, N = 12) and when the kidney function was impaired (4.0 +/- 0.9 pmol/l) (N = 15) (silica cartridge extraction), whether the subject was hypercalcaemic or not. Some patients with endocrine diseases, including two with primary hyperparathyroidism, had slightly elevated serum PTHrP concentrations, while they were normal in sarcoidosis. In healthy subjects the levels were 1.1 +/- 0.5 pmol/l (N = 15) after immunoextraction and 0.8 +/- 0.2 pmol/l (N = 33) after silica cartridge extraction.
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PMID:Parathyroid hormone-related peptide, measured by a midmolecule radioimmunoassay, in various hypercalcaemic and normocalcaemic conditions. 144 40

A 51 year old man with biopsy proven pulmonary sarcoidosis and skin test positive for tuberculosis presented with features of an amelanotic flat choroidal mass suggestive of choroiditis. The mass enlarged despite corticosteroids and anti-tuberculous medications. A thorough systemic evaluation for possible primary tumor metastatic to the choroid was negative. Further clinical evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging suggested a diffuse primary choroidal malignant melanoma with optic nerve invasion. The eye was enucleated and the mass proved histopathologically to be a mucin secreting adenocarcinoma of unknown origin despite a repeat systemic work-up. The patient died three months after the onset of symptoms and three weeks after enucleation with diffuse metastases from an unknown primary cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is usually helpful in the differentiation of uveal melanoma from uveal metastasis. In this case, however, it suggested the diagnosis of a diffuse choroidal melanoma. The reason for the atypical MRI findings will be discussed.
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PMID:Unusual MRI findings in metastatic carcinoma to the choroid and optic nerve: a case report. 153 48

Two male patients with a testicular carcinoma and a female with a mammary carcinoma, all associated with pulmonary sarcoidosis are described. This coincidence is very rare, but clinically relevant as enlarged mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes might suggest metastatic disease or metastasis after a curative treatment. The role of mediastinoscopy in obtaining a histological diagnosis is stressed. A causal relationship between sarcoidosis and malignant diseases has not yet been established.
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PMID:[Generalized sarcoidosis in combination with a malignancy in 3 patients; the value of mediastinoscopy]. 155 57

Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) raised against human peritoneal macrophages were selected for their non-reactivity with freshly sampled blood cells. One of these mAb, AMH152, initially non-reactive, bound to monocytes after 18 h of culture, a property which was not shared by an unrelated antibody of the same isotype (IgG1). The induction of the expression of the antigen detected by AMH152 on monocytes in culture was not influenced by the addition of serum or by the substrate used, plastic that favoured adhesion or teflon bags. Overnight incubation at 4 degrees C in adhesion conditions did not enable antigen expression. A 1-h treatment with phorbol myristate acetate or formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine did not increase AMH152 binding. Culturing monocytes with cycloheximide tended to inhibit antigen expression. These observations suggested that antigen expression represents an active phenomenon, requiring protein synthesis. The antigen recognized by mAb AMH152 could be visualized on sections of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. Macrophages of healthy lymphoid organs and tissues that expressed CD68 antigen failed to bind AMH152. In contrast, chronic inflammatory lesions, like those of sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and cat scratch disease, contained epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells that reacted with AMH152. In serous exudates of cancer metastases, 10-40% of macrophages were also stained. The antigenic material was essentially present at the cell periphery. Thus, mAb AMH152 recognized a surface antigen, detectable on paraffin-embedded tissue sections, and which accompanied differentiation of monocytes into inflammatory cells. The expression of this antigen on monocytes in culture suggests that these cells underwent an activation process, even when maintained for some hours in teflon bags and in a serum-free medium.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibody AMH152 reacts with human monocytes in culture and with inflammatory macrophages. 156 45

In summary, Sarcoidosis is a rare but well-recognized cause of diffuse osteosclerosis. The differential diagnosis of osteosclerosis is limited and includes osteoblastic metastases, sclerotic myeloma, myelofibrosis, and less common infiltrative bone marrow processes such as mastocytosis and sarcoidosis. In all of these entities the sclerosis is found most often in the axial (red marrow) skeleton. In this regard, it is interesting that cases of osseous sarcoid are usually lytic and located in the peripheral skeleton. In patients with osteosclerotic sarcoidosis, the diagnosis may be suggested by a past history of the disease or ancillary signs such as hilar node enlargement and subtle skin involvement. However, the specific diagnosis usually requires bone marrow biopsy with the demonstration of extensive, noncaseating granulomas.
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PMID:Case report 705. Osteosclerotic sarcoidosis. 160 45

A patient with embryonal cell carcinoma restricted to the left testicle, without retroperitoneal but with mediastinal lymph node enlargement and highly elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein levels, is presented (T1N4M0). Because stage III of the disease was presumed, he received chemotherapy, which was unfortunately complicated by a bleomycin-induced pneumonitis. At re-evaluation after chemotherapeutic treatment, it appeared that the tumor marker level had decreased exponentially after the operation and that the mediastinal lymph node enlargement was due not to metastatic disease but to sarcoidosis. The necessity of calculating the half-life of tumor markers after operation and histological examination of the mediastinal lymph nodes prior to chemotherapy in such cases, is discussed.
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PMID:Testicular cancer with enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes: a diagnostic pitfall. 127 44

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Fuji Computed Radiography (FCR) in the detection of interstitial pulmonary infiltrates, FCR life-size images at a pixel size of 0.1 mm were compared with conventional radiographs taken on the same day. Seventeen radiologists assessed the radiographs and FCR images of 56 cases, including 39 cases of various interstitial lung diseases such as interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary abnormalities associated with collagen disease, sarcoidosis, multiple pulmonary metastases, diffuse panbronchiolitis and pulmonary emphysema, and 17 normal controls. All of the pulmonary abnormalities were confirmed by high resolution CT. Observer performance tests were carried out using receiver operating characteristic analysis. In 21 cases of increased pulmonary density revealed by high resolution CT, FCR was significantly superior to conventional radiographs in the detection of reticular or linear shadows. In 11 cases of subtle interstitial abnormalities, there was no difference between FCR and conventional radiographs in the detection of any pulmonary abnormality, ground-glass opacities and reticular or linear shadows. There was also no difference between the two images in the detection of diffuse nodular shadow and pulmonary emphysema. These results indicate that FCR life-size images at a pixel size of 0.1 mm are useful for the detection of diffuse interstitial lung diseases.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of life size image of Fuji computed radiography for detection of diffuse interstitial lung diseases]. 176 24

Posterior scleritis is an often misdiagnosed disease of the eye. Mainly it appears in elderly women and tends to be recurrent. Symptoms leading to diagnosis are swelling of the eye lids, a red eye, disturbances of the motility and protrusio bulbi. In rare cases you find exudative choroidal or retinal detachment, edema of the macula, or the optic nerve head, and secondary angle closure glaucoma. Often posterior scleritis is associated with general illness as herpes zoster, mixed connective tissue diseases, or Boeck's disease. Differential diagnosis are choroidal tumors as for example, melanoma, hemangioma, and metastases. The typical uveal effusion can also be caused by an arterio-venous fistula, panretinal photocoagulation, buckling procedure for retinal detachment, and by intraocular surgery in general. Especially cyclitis anularis pseudotumorosa has to be considered and shut out. Most important diagnostical means are ultrasound, and CT-scan. The underlying case describes an 81 years old woman that presented with acute angle closure glaucoma, and exudative choroidal detachment of the right eye. The ultrasound and CT-scan investigations confirmed the diagnosis of scleritis posterior. The acute angle closure glaucoma, and the choroidal detachment regressed immediately under the treatment with steroids given locally and systemically. There was no impact of miotics and peripheral iridectomy which both could not avoid recurrence of angle closure glaucoma.
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PMID:[Secondary angle-block glaucoma in posterior scleritis]. 189 39


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