Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A newly developed choroidal tumor was observed by an ophthalmologist in 1946. Clinically, it was obviously a malignant melanoma and showed signs of growth. The patient, a 57 year-old woman, refused enucleation because her vision was good. She was examined at intervals by her ophthalmologist. Ten years later the tumor had attained a prominence of 18 D and shortly afterwards the patient developed visual disturbances. Another 11 years later vitreous opacities occurred. After a further 5 years the patient presented with glaucoma which led to chronic corneal edema. The eye was finally enucleated in 1977. Now, four years later, the patient is still well and without any sign of metastases. Histopathologic examination revealed a melanoma of spindle-cell type A, measuring 16 X 16 X 16 mm. The tumor had infiltrated the proximal optic fascicle and the overlying retina. As most prognostic data are based on histopathologic findings it seems essential for the future to find out more about the untreated melanomas (growth rate, vascularization, secondary changes such as perifocal inflammatory reactions, lesions of the retinal pigment epithelium barrier, retinal detachment, cyclitis and glaucoma).
 ...
PMID:[Clinical course of a choroidal melanoma observed for over 30 years]. 685 38

A 64-year-old man presented with a nonrhegmatogenous retinal detachment, proptosis, and ptosis. Clinical examination, fluorescein angiography, B-scan ultrasonography and computed tomographic (CT) scan confirmed the presence of concomitant intraocular tumor and orbital mass. The CT scan of the chest and a lung biopsy specimen revealed the presence of an unsuspected asymptomatic bronchogenic carcinoma that rapidly developed widespread metastases. Metastasis to the eye from bronchogenic carcinoma may occur simultaneously with orbital metastasis, and this may be associated with rapid progression and growth.
 ...
PMID:Simultaneous ocular and orbital involvement from metastatic bronchogenic carcinoma. 716 36

Twenty-four patients with metastatic cancer of the choroid were seen in the Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Rush-Presbyterian--St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, between 1964 and 1975. One fourth of the patients had involvement in both eyes, for a total of 30 eyes involved with metastatic cancer. The most common site of the primary carcinoma was the breast. Most of the patients had inadequate vision, proptosis, pain, heaviness, and double vision. Retinal detachment was a common finding. All the patients received a palliative course of radiotherapy to the posterior chamber of the eye; between 2100--3000 rad in 7/10 fractions were given. Of the patients, 33% had complete recovery of symptoms, and 37% had only partial recovery; 30% showed no response to therapy. Survival period from the time of radiotherapy to death varied from one to 21 months, with a median of four months and a mean of 6.6 months. All patients responding to therapy showed marked improvement in their quality of life until death.
 ...
PMID:Malignant metastatic disease of the eye: management of an uncommon complication. 722 30

Metastases to the orbit are found in the choroid, retrobulbar soft tissues, or bony orbit. Choroidal metastases result in retinal detachment and are best evaluated with fundoscopy and ultrasound. Retrobulbar metastases can involve both extraconal and intraconal spaces; they appear as masses having a high absorption value and irregular margins on plain CT scans and show slight contrast enhancement. The greater wing of the sphenoid is the most common site of bone metastases. These lesions often have soft-tissue components in both the lateral extraconal space of the orbit and the middle cranial fossa.
 ...
PMID:Radiological evaluation of orbital metastases, with emphasis on computed tomography. 743 69

Clinical observations of 7 patients with metastatic intraocular tumors are presented. The primary sites of neoplasms were breast cancer in 4 women, pulmonary cancer in 2 men and in 1 cancer of prostate. In 4 patients metastases were observed also in the anterior segment of uveal tract. Secondary retinal detachment was found in 6 cases, central retinal artery occlusion in one and ciliary artery occlusion in another one. In spite of radio--and chemotherapy 5 patients died during 1-9 months and 2 remained under clinical observation.
 ...
PMID:[Tumor metastasis to the eyeball]. 812 Nov 47

Carcinoid tumors are slowly and locally invasive growing neoplasms. Their main localization is in the ileum or in organs derived from the embryonic foregut, i.e. bronchus, stomach, pancreas and thyroid. The low rate of metastatic manifestation of about 10% indicates their potential malignancy. The endocrine effects vary. We describe the case of a 30-year-old female patient, who had had a carcinoid tumor of the bronchus with infiltration of a hilar lymph node, which had been resected two years previously. The postoperative course was marked by an increased level of urine 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA). Finally, the patient complained a 4-month history of recurrent episodes of refractory conjunctival hyperemia, visual loss and visual field defects in both eyes. Examination revealed bilateral multiple choroidal masses associated with retinal detachment. As various authors have reported, carcinoid tumor metastases to the eye are extremely rare. Diagnostic approaches and therapeutic considerations are described. Ultrasonic examination of the choroidal lesion, applying standardized A-scan echography at tissue sensitivity, showed solid tissue masses and bilateral circumscribed exudative retinal detachment. The tumor was characterized by medium to high reflectivity and slight sound attenuation. The internal structure showed less irregularity than is usually seen in metastases.
 ...
PMID:[Carcinoid tumor of the lung. An unusual form of ocular metastasis]. 821 44

Intraocular metastatic tumors are rare. They are seen in 10% of patients having died of a malignant tumor. Frequently metastatic tumors of the eye are not observed clinically because the may develop in the terminal stage of the disease. The most frequent primary tumor is carcinoma of the breast with 60% of all intraocular metastatic tumors followed bronchogenic carcinoma with 19%. While breast carcinomas usually metastasize years after excision of the primary tumor, bronchogenic carcinomas may metastasize into the eye before the primary tumor reveals itself. Corresponding with its blood supply the choroid, particularly the posterior pole, is the most frequent manifestation of a metastatic tumor of the eye. Here they show the picture of an ill defined, light, slightly prominent, round tumor with irregularities of the overlying retinal pigment epithelium. They are occasionally misinterpreted as amelanotic malignant melanomas of the choroid, nevi, hemangiomas or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The prognosis is poor. Once a metastatic tumor has manifested itself within the eye the life expectation is 7-9 months. Orthovolt radiation with a dose of 30 Gy fractioned over 2-3 weeks may be successful. Chemotherapy has not been very satisfactory. We have seen metastatic tumors of the choroid that developed during chemotherapy. Ophthalmologists are not used to the contact with cancer patients. These patients require special care. The relatives should be included in the discussions because they suffer as well and may be very helpful in the further maintenance of the patient. It is recommended to advise the same doctor to care for the patient because this will build up confidence and trust.
 ...
PMID:[Eye involvement in cancer]. 923 90

A 68-year-old man with lung carcinoma and no systemic metastasis presented with a blind, painful right eye. Examination showed no perception of light in the affected eye, elevated intraocular pressure, marked epibulbar hyperemia, and a white placoid mass in the conjunctiva nasally. Although a cataract precluded a clear view of the fundus, ultrasonography disclosed a total retinal detachment and a diffuse thickening of the choroid. Metastatic carcinoma was suspected clinically and the eye was enucleated because of severe, intractable pain. Pathologic examination demonstrated extensively necrotic metastatic adenocarcinoma involving the conjunctiva, peripheral cornea, sclera, iris, ciliary body, choroid, optic nerve, subarachnoid space, and orbit. Metastatic disease usually affects a singular ocular tissue, and it is highly unusual for such widespread ocular involvement to be the first sign of systemic metastasis from a primary neoplasm.
 ...
PMID:Diffuse ocular metastases as an initial sign of metastatic lung cancer. 967 12

Transsphenoidal encephalocele is associated with tongue-shaped retinochoroidal coloboma and optic disc dysplasia. Non-Graves' orbital polymyositis is associated with giant cell myocarditis. Ocular embolic disease can result from papillary fibroelastoma of the heart. Cutaneous melanoma can metastasize to the eye in the form of intraocular pigment without a discrete mass leading to heterochromia, glaucoma, and visual loss. Patients with atopic dermatitis are prone to develop retinal detachment similar in configuration to traumatic retinal detachment. The retinal hamartomas in tuberous sclerosis are usually stable, but occasionally the hamartomas show new or increased calcification, and rarely new lesions appear de novo.
 ...
PMID:Ocular manifestations of various systemic diseases. 1016 Apr 13

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumour, although it is a rare condition. Between January 1993 and December 1997 a total of 120 patients were referred from Scotland to the Ocular Oncology Service at St. Paul's Eye Unit in Liverpool. Of these, 98 had uveal melanoma, which was treated with primary enucleation (24), or by conservative methods, consisting of plaque radiotherapy (30), proton beam radiotherapy (19), trans-scleral local resection (19), or endoresection (6). After conservative treatment, 92% of eyes were retained, with 65% of eyes maintaining the same level of vision as at presentation or better. The main complications were retinal detachment (8), death from metastatic disease (7) and local tumour recurrence (4). This study gives an overview of the treatment of uveal melanoma and demonstrates that most patients with uveal melanoma can be treated conservatively, with the large majority retaining the eye and good vision.
 ...
PMID:Auditing outcomes after treatment of Scottish patients with uveal melanoma in Liverpool. 1045 50


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>