Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the clinical course of 31 patients suffering from primary tumors or vertebral metastases treated by osteosynthesis with vertebral body implant. Surgical treatment of vertebral tumors aims at eliminating the compression, thus relieving the myelon and the roots as well as the reestablishment of the supporting function of the involved segments. Subjective and objective improvement was found in 64.5 per cent of the 31 patients. The conditions remained the same in 22.5 per cent. New symptoms occurred in 13.0 per cent. After tumor specific evaluation of the over-all survival period, plasmacytoma were found to have a more favourable course of a little more than two years. Patients with vertebral metastases died after an average of 10 months. In nearly all cases with postoperative improvement on the initial symptoms and signs, the symptoms could be improved permanently. We thus regard ventral curettage and parallel stabilisation, may be combined with dorsal stabilisation, as a means of improving the quality of life in these patients. By using the surgical technique employed by us sufficient stabilisation of the vertebral column can be achieved in order to enable quick mobilisation of the patients.
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PMID:[Vertebral implant as a treatment principle in tumors and metastases of the thoracic and lumbar spine]. 271 92

We have previously shown that mice bearing a late-stage, large primary MOPC-315 plasmacytoma and extensive metastases can be cured by a low dose of the bifunctional alkylating drug, cyclophosphamide (BiCY) (J.C.D. Hengst et al., Cancer Res., 40: 2135-2141, 1980). Here we show that therapy with the monofunctional form of cyclophosphamide (MoCY) can also cure such mice. However, a dose of at least 150 mg of MoCY per kg is required to approximate the curative effectiveness of the lowest curative dose of BiCY, i.e., 15 mg/kg. This need for a 10-fold higher dose of MoCY is due, at least in part, to the 10-fold lower direct tumoricidal and/or tumoristatic activity of MoCY compared to BiCY. Consequently, a 10-fold higher dose of MoCY is required to directly reduce the tumor burden to the level reduced by 15 mg of BiCY per kg. Other than dose, the therapy of the mice with 150 mg of MoCY per kg was similar in its essential features to that shown previously for therapy with 15 mg of BiCY per kg (J.C.D. Hengst et al., Cancer Res., 40: 2135-2141, 1980; J.C.D. Hengst et al., Cancer Res., 41:2163-2167, 1981; Q-W. Ye et al., Cancer Immunol. Immunother., 16:162-169, 1984; Q-W. Ye and M.B. Mokyr, Cancer Res., 44: 3873-3879, 1984; M.B. Mokyr and S. Dray, Cancer Res., 43: 3112-3119, 1983), namely: (a) the drug does not directly eradicate all tumor cells; (b) host T-cell-dependent antitumor immunity is also required for the curative effect; (c) the therapy of tumor bearers leads to the rapid appearance of an augmented antitumor immune potential in their hitherto immunosuppressed spleen; and (d) the cured mice are resistant to a subsequent challenge with at least 300-fold the minimal lethal tumor dose. Thus, cross-linking is not an essential property for the immunomodulatory activity of BiCY nor for its direct antitumor effect. However, in the presence of cross-linking activity, a much lower dose of drug is effective.
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PMID:Ability of cyclophosphamide in the absence of cross-linking activity to exert the immunomodulatory effect required for the cure of mice bearing a large MOPC-315 tumor. 348 9

Eleven patients with solitary plasmacytoma of bone (SPB) and six patients with extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) were treated at the UCLA Center for the Health Sciences. Primary treatment in 14 of 17 patients was with radiation, while three patients were irradiated for recurrent disease. Eleven patients with SPB were irradiated with dose of 32-55 Gy, with 10 of 11 patients receiving doses of 40-55 Gy. Local control was achieved in 10 of 11 patients with SPB. One patient died with metastatic disease with unknown local status. Six patients with EMP were irradiated with doses of 38-56 Gy. Of these patients, two were locally controlled; one patient failed locally; one patient died during treatment; one patient died with local disease at 85 months after multiple resections, chemotherapy, and two courses of irradiation; and one patient was lost to follow-up. Progression to multiple myeloma was seen in 5 of 11 patients with SPB and in none of six patients with EMP. For patients with SPB, we recommend treating the entire bone to 40 Gy, with a boost when feasible. Patients with EMP receive the same dose, including the lymph nodes in tumors at high risk for spread. Radical surgical resections appear to be unwarranted.
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PMID:The treatment of solitary plasmacytoma of bone and extramedullary plasmacytoma. 359 39

Hepatic resection for metastatic disease is reviewed in 30 patients (mean age 58.9 years). The primary site was the colorectum in 25; the other primary tumours were leiomyosarcoma, plasmacytoma, and adenocarcinoma (all of gastric origin), ocular melanoma and an unknown primary. Operative procedures included 7 wedge resections, 5 segmentectomies and 21 lobectomies (11 right, 4 extended right and 6 left). Major complications in seven patients included intraoperative hemorrhage in three, two of whom died, bile-duct injury in two, small-bowel infarction in one and cerebrovascular accident in one. Operative death rate was 6.7% (2 of 30). Thirteen patients were alive and free of disease a mean of 24 months after hepatic resection while 5 more were alive with disease at a mean of 36.9 months. Life-table analysis projected a 5-year survival of 50.3% for those with colorectal primaries, with no apparent difference in survival between patients with single (55.0%) and multiple (54.0%) metastases. Improved survival was projected for patients with metachronous (66.6%) versus synchronous (45.0%) tumours, primary Dukes' class A or B (66.1%) versus Dukes' class C (46.0%) tumours and those having wedge resection or segmentectomy (66.6%) versus lobectomy or extended lobectomy (48.0%). Hepatic resection for metastatic disease can be done with acceptable morbidity and mortality and the expectation of substantially prolonged survival particularly in patients with metachronous lesions or Dukes's A or B colorectal primary lesions.
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PMID:Hepatic resection for metastatic disease. 377 47

We have shown previously (Ye, Q-W., and Mokyr, M. B. Cancer Res., 44: 3873-3879, 1984) that, following low-dose cyclophosphamide (CY) therapy (15 mg/kg) of mice bearing a large s.c. MOPC-315 tumor and extensive metastases, T-cell-dependent immunopotentiating activity appears in their hitherto immunosuppressive Sephadex G-10-adherent spleen cell population. Here we show that the CY-induced immunopotentiating T-cells express the Lyt 1, Lyt 2, and L3T4 phenotypes. The phenotype of the immunopotentiating T-cells was deduced from our observations that depletion of Lyt 1+, Lyt 2+, or L3T4+ cells from the Sephadex G-10-adherent spleen cell population of CY-treated tumor bearers abolished the ability of the adherent cells to enhance the generation of antitumor cytotoxicity when added to the in vitro immunization culture of normal spleen cells. Moreover, admixture of a Sephadex G-10-adherent cell population depleted of Lyt 2+ cells with a Sephadex G-10-adherent cell population depleted of L3T4+ cells failed to restore the immunopotentiating activity, indicating that T-cells that are apparently expressing simultaneously the Lyt 2 and L3T4 antigens are required for the exertion of the CY-induced immunopotentiating activity. The CY-induced immunopotentiating T-cells from MOPC-315 tumor bearers brought about the appearance of enhanced antitumor cytotoxicity not only against the MOPC-315 tumor cells, but also against two other syngeneic plasmacytomas, with surface immunoglobulin of a different class and antigenic specificity than the MOPC-315 tumor cells, as well as against a variant MOPC-315 tumor line which lacks surface immunoglobulin. The CY-induced immunopotentiating T-cells did not enhance the appearance of antitumor cytotoxicity against a syngeneic (WEHI 22.1) or an allogeneic (EL4) tumor of T-cell origin nor against the natural killer-sensitive YAC-1 cells. Thus, L3T4+, Lyt2+ T-cells from CY-treated MOPC-315 tumor bearers enhance the generation of antitumor cytotoxicity that is directed against plasmacytoma shared antigens other than immunoglobulins.
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PMID:Some characteristics of the cyclophosphamide-induced immunopotentiating cells in the spleen of mice bearing a large MOPC-315 tumor. 402 79

Somatic cell hybridization between nonmetastatic tumor cells and normal cells of the lymphoreticular system results in hybrid cells manifesting metastatic properties of defined target organ specificity. Thus, fusion of the nonmetastatic BALB/c originated NSI plasmacytoma with C57BL B lymphocytes resulted in hybridomas, each of which were metastatic. Of 10 hybridomas, 7 generated metastases in the spleen and liver, whereas 3 generated liver metastases. The generation of liver metastases by hybridomas which homed to both spleen and liver, but not by those which homed to the liver only, was controlled by the spleen. The acquisition of metastatic properties via somatic cell fusion seems to represent a general principle, in which the normal partner determines the target organ specificity for the metastatic growth. Thus, fusion of SP2/O myeloma cells with syngeneic B lymphocytes also resulted in a hybrid cell metastasizing to the spleen and liver, yet a somatic hybrid between NSI and a macrophage or dendritic-like cell metastasized to the lung. Cell surface molecules encoded by the genome of the normal partner was demonstrated to control the target organ specificity: antibodies against MHC-encoded antigens of the normal B cell partner prevented the generation of metastases by hybridomas metastasizing to the spleen and liver, but not by those metastasizing to the liver only. This is in accordance with the function of MHC molecules on lymphocytes in controlling their homing to lymphoid organs. Hybridomas of T cell lymphomas also manifested metastatic properties. Analysis of the cell surface Thy-1 antigens of a hybridoma (DCH10), produced via somatic fusion between BW5145 lymphoma and a putative macrophage cell indicated that cells of liver metastases (DCH10-Li) generated by the hybrid cells might have undergone further somatic cell fusion in vivo with host (T?) cells. These cells have acquired new metastatic properties, generating metastases in spleen, liver and kidneys. In fact, even the inoculation of the parental BW lymphoma cells resulted in a case of liver metastasis (BW-Li). Such BW-Li cells, upon reinoculation, also generated metastases in the spleen, liver and kidneys. Analysis of the Thyl phenotype indicated that BW-Li cells may also have undergone somatic cell fusion in vivo with host (T?) cells, resulting in the acquisition of metastatic properties. The pattern of cell-cell interactions (adhesion, infiltration) with liver cell monolayers of BW-Li cells and of DCH10-Li (T-cell lymphomas) was identical, and differed from cells of liver metastases of the myeloma-B cell hybridomas which might be based on responses to liver growth signals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Cancer Metastasis Rev 1984
PMID:Nonmetastatic tumor cells acquire metastatic properties following somatic hybridization with normal cells. 637 Apr 19

A case of extramedullary plasmacytoma originating in the left submaxillary lymph node in a 63-year-old man was reported. The diagnosis of plasmacytoma was made on the basis of a monoclonal proliferation of IgG, K type of plasma cells by means of immune antibody staining. About 70% of extramedullary plasmacytoma cases have been reported to have a primary lesion in the upper respiratory tract and the oral cavity with cervical lymph node metastases in 8-30%. The present case was considered to be of submaxillary lymph node origin in view of failure of various examinations to detect lesions in the oral cavity and the upper part of the respiratory tract.
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PMID:Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma of submaxillary lymph node. 677 May 79

Neoplastic plasma cell disorders, multiple myeloma, extramedullary plasmacytoma and solitary plasmacytoma affect the head and neck with different manifestations. Multiple lytic lesions of the jaws and infrequent soft-tissue lesions characterize multiple myeloma's presence. The solitary plasmacytoma of bone is infrequent in the jaws. Wherever it occurs, it is a precursor lesion to multiple myeloma. Extramedullary plasmacytoma has several clinical and biologic forms. The most benign is the local upper airway lesion that is amenable to surgery or radiotherapy and manifests no recurrences. Approximately 40%, however, terminate in osseous and soft-tissue dissemination. The distant involvement has more characteristics of metastases than the diffuse axial skeletal involvement of multiple myeloma; to acknowledge this distribution and the apparently better prognosis, the disseminated form is called myelomatosis.
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PMID:Pathology consultation. Plasma cell tumors of the head and neck. 685 50

The P3-NSI/1-Ag4-1 (NSI) plasmacytoma, when transplanted sc in syngeneic BALB/c mice, grows locally without forming spontaneous metastases. We tested whether somatic hybridization of the NSI cells with spleen B-lymphocytes would render them metastatic in (C57BL/6 X BALB/c) F1 mice. We found that the hybridomas thus produced generated spontaneous metastases with distinct organ specificities. Some hybridomas produced metastases in both liver and spleen, whereas others produced metastases in only the liver. Cells derived from spleen-and liver-seeking hybridomas, when transplanted sc, produced tumors that metastasized to both the liver and spleen. Tumor cells derived from spleen metastasis produced, on transplantation, a tumor that generated spleen metastasis of a larger mass than did tumors derived from liver metastases. Cells derived from liver-seeking hybridomas metastasized to only the liver. Similar patterns of organ specificity were observed after iv injection of the hybridoma cells. The spleen seemed to play determining role in controlling the production of liver metastases by hybridomas that produced both liver and spleen metastases. Such hybridomas did not produce liver metastases when injected into splenectomized recipients. Hybridomas that were only liver-seeking did produce metastases in splenectomized recipients.
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PMID:Metastatic properties conferred on nonmetastatic tumors by hybridization of spleen B-lymphocytes with plasmacytoma cells. 697 87

To evaluate the diagnostic value of percutaneous vertebral biopsy in noninfectious diseases of the spine, we retrospectively studied 41 cases seen between 1985 and 1992. The level of the lesion was lumbar in 29 cases, thoracic in 11, and cervical in one. There were 19 crush fractures, 11 lytic lesions, six sclerotic lesions, and three mixed lesions. The biopsy was done because of an abnormal magnetic resonance imaging signal in one patient and because of epiduritis in another. The thoracic and lumbar biopsies were done under x-ray guidance using the technique developed by Laredo and Bard. Computed tomography guidance was used for the cervical biopsy. There were no adverse events. The final histological diagnosis was metastatic disease in 17 cases (41.5%), myeloma or plasmacytoma in six cases (14.7%), primary vertebral neoplasia in two cases (4.8%), lymphoma in one case (2.4%), osteoporosis in nine cases (22%), Paget's disease in three cases (7.4%), amyloidosis in one case (2.4%), aseptic osteitis in one case (2.4%), and vertebral necrosis in one case (2.4%). A second biopsy procedure was done in three patients (surgically in two cases and percutaneously in one) because of discrepancies between histological findings and other data. The final diagnosis was metastatic disease in all three patients. Overall, the diagnostic yield of percutaneous vertebral biopsy was 92.6% and varied little with initial roentgenographic or computed tomographic findings. However, yield was only 56% for the diagnosis of tumorous lesions, with variations according to roentgenographic and computed tomographic changes, 90.1% for osteolytic lesions, 66.6% for mixed lesions, 47.4% for crush fractures, and 16.6% for sclerotic lesions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Diagnostic value of spinal puncture-biopsy in non-infectious spinal diseases. Apropos of 41 cases]. 783 86


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