Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

65 cases of cardiac tumors were diagnosed and studied by echocardiography. Among them 49 were primary tumors including 43 cases of myxoma, one case each of hamartoma, lipomatous infiltration, fibroma, hemangioma, rhabdomyosarcoma, pericardial mesothelioma, and 16 cases of secondary cardiac tumors. It was found that the nature of primary cardiac tumors could be speculated by two-dimensional echocardiography based on their pathological features. Most patients with large left atrial myxoma had obstructive symptoms of mitral valves, abnormal ECG and enlarged left atrium, whereas patients with small atrial myxoma, embolic phenomenon was liable to occur. Echocardiography of secondary cardiac tumors showed that the tumors usually invaded most frequently both the myocardium and pericardium as single or multiple nodular echoes in the myocardium under pericardium or within the pericardial cavity, with profuse pericardial effusion. Occasionally, the secondary tumor appeared as a large mobile intracavitary mass or an extracardiac one compressing the heart or large vessels. It was noticed that cardiac symptoms might be the clinical clue in certain patients with extracardiac primary malignancy.
 ...
PMID:[Cardiac tumors: clinical and echocardiographic diagnosis of 65 cases]. 239 90

To evaluate the radiographic manifestations of the response of intrathoracic metastases to and the toxicity of interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy, the chest radiographs and computed tomographic scans of 43 patients receiving 103 cycles of IL-2 treatment and lymphokine-activated killer cells for advanced renal cell carcinoma were reviewed. Among these 43 patients, 31 could be assessed for response of metastatic disease: Complete response was seen in one (3%), partial response in 11 (36%), mixed response in nine (29%), progressive disease in five (16%), and stable disease in five (16%). In 103 treatment cycles radiographic evidence of toxicity included pleural effusions (45.6%), pulmonary edema (21.4%), increased cardiothoracic ratio (16.5%), increased azygos vein diameter (9.7%), pericardial effusion (5.8%), and hilar lymphadenopathy (1.0%). These toxic effects could be distinguished from metastatic disease by a temporal relationship to treatment cycles. A favorable response to IL-2 therapy was significantly correlated (P less than .001) with the presence of pleural effusions.
 ...
PMID:Interleukin-2 therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma: radiographic evaluation of response and complications. 239 11

Pericardial exudate and/or spread of the tumour to the pericardium occurs frequently in leukaemia and malignant lymphomata. Metastases to the pericardium may be demonstrated at autopsy in 50% and 20-25%, respectively. In the majority of cases no symptoms from the heart occur. In cases with significant pericardial effusion or constrictive pericarditis, urgent treatment is indicated. Pericardiocentesis is carried out in cases of cardiac tamponade. Irradiation has frequently a rapid and dramatic effect in cases of massive tumour infiltration in the pericardium. Long-term treatment depends on the malignant haematological disease concerned. Meticulous diagnostic investigation is therefore indicated in every case with cardiac symptoms. This has frequently therapeutic consequences, reduces the morbidity and prolongs survival. Two cases of acute pericardial effusion with haemodynamic consequences are reviewed in this article. The haematological diagnoses were acute myeloid leukaemia and malignant lymphoma (diffuse large-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), respectively.
 ...
PMID:[Pericardial involvement in leukemia and malignant lymphoma]. 240 59

Fluid and electrolyte homeostasis is impaired in patients suffering from hypothyroidism and myxedema because myxedema induces retention of salt and water. We have measured plasma levels of human atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP) in 8 female patients who had been totally thyroidectomized because of thyroid carcinoma. Estimations of the hormone were done 4 weeks after diagnostic withdrawal (searching for iodine retaining metastases) and after 2 weeks and 4 weeks of reinitiation of thyroid suppressive therapy by L-thyroxine. hANP levels, although within the normal range (10-80 ng/l) throughout the study, were positively linked to the amount of pericardial effusion (determined by echocardiography), which was highest initially and decreased or vanished with duration of L-thyroxine therapy. Additionally, a positive correlation between thyroid hormone levels and hANP was obtained when the counteracting effect of pericardial effusion was allowed for by partial correlation analysis. Our findings might facilitate explanation of mild polyuria in hyperthyroidism and impaired water excretion in hypothyroidism.
 ...
PMID:Thyroid hormones and pericardial effusion may influence plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in humans. 294 72

Malignant pericardial effusion secondary to pericardial metastases from gynecological malignancies represents an infrequent but potentially life threatening problem. A patient with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix causing symptomatic pericardial effusion is presented, and the incidence, mechanism, pathophysiology, treatment, and outcomes of malignant pericardial effusion in patients with gynecologic malignancies are reviewed. This case represents only the fourth reported patient with metastatic carcinoma of the cervix in whom the diagnosis of malignant pericardial effusion was made antemortem, and is the longest survivor of treatment. Gratifying results, in terms of improved quality and length of survival, can be obtained in what is often perceived as a preterminal complication. Recommendations for management are presented, stressing radiation therapy and other local measures following initial pericardiocentesis.
 ...
PMID:Successful management of malignant pericardial effusion in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. 304 63

The value of pericardioscopy in pericardial effusion of uncertain origin was evaluated in 20 patients, aged from 18 to 77 years, whose pericardial effusion had been diagnosed by ultrasonography; 2 patients presented with clinical signs of tamponade. The cause of the pericarditis was unknown, but the clinical context suggested a malignant disease in 13 patients, tuberculosis in 5 patients and another cause in 2 patients. The pericardium was explored by means of a direct vision, cold-light endoscope, usually a mediastinoscope, introduced by the retroxiphoidal route under general of local anaesthesia. This method made it possible to study the pericardial fluid, examine the pericardial serous membrane, perform biopsies at a distance from the orifice of entry and cleanse the pericardium thoroughly in cases with blood or pus collection. Apart from 2 cases where the examination could not be completed because of an anterior mediastinal mass and a pericardial symphysis, valuable information could be obtained in purulent pericarditis (n = 1), chronic radiation induced lesions (n = 2), metastases (n = 2), haemopericardium (n = 2), and biopsies could be performed in tumoral or suspicious areas. These guided biopsies revealed a metastasis in 3 cases where the pericardial window was negative. No sign of tuberculosis was found in the 5 cases where the disease was suspected. The final diagnoses were: neoplastic pericarditis in 4 cases, radiation-induced pericarditis in 2 cases, purulent pericarditis in 2 cases, haemopericardium in 3 cases and idiopathic or reactive pericarditis in 9 cases. The post-operative period was uneventful, with no major complication ascribable to the procedure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Value of pericardioscopy in pericardial effusion. Apropos of 20 patients]. 314 29

Modern two-dimensional imaging is of such quality that echocardiography is now capable of detecting intrapericardial formations. Three morphological types of abnormal intrapericardial echoes have been described: round masses, mattresses and linear echoes. These have been observed in effusions of various origin and seem to be lacking in aetiological specificity. In order to determine more precisely the echocardiographic signs of pericardial metastases, the authors have analyzed 7 cases of intrapericardial masses visualized in a series of 10 patients with metastatic pericardial effusion and examined in two-dimensional mode. These were echogenic and dense masses implanted on the pericardium and subject to cyclic movements linked with those of that membrane. Morphologically, they fell into two categories: round and sessile masses (6 cases) 8 to 23 mm high and 22 to 48 mm wide at their implantation; they were found mostly opposite the cardiac apex (4 cases) and/or in the lateral wall of the right ventricle (3 cases), oval formations (2 cases) which were 70 mm long and 17 mm wide in one case and 50 mm long and 15 mm wide in the other. One patient had two masses of different shapes. A review of the literature showed that these two echocardiographic images corresponded to two macroscopic types of pericardial invasion: either tumoral nodules or infiltration plaques betraying a diffuse invasion of the pericardium. All masses observed by the authors were located on the visceral leaflet of the pericardium. This predominantly epicardial location might be due to the visceral leaflet being selectively invaded by retrograde lymphatic embolization from the mediastinal lymph nodes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Echocardiographic aspects of pericardial metastases. Apropos of 7 cases]. 314 40

MRI is synonymous with proton imaging. It provides detailed images of gross anatomy and pathology owing to the excellent soft-tissue contrast, signal void of flowing blood, versatile geometry, and freedom from streak artifacts, as well as other advantages summarized in Table 8-2. In the CNS, MRI has emerged as the most sensitive imaging modality in virtually all pathologies--some reservations remaining concerning acute hemorrhage, focal calcifications, and bone detail. Hence, it should be considered the premier noninvasive examination in the evaluation of the cancer patient with any suspicion of CNS pathology. Economics and availability must, of course, be considered when evaluating MR's role relative to CT. MR clearly provides the best means of excluding pathology, particularly in the posterior fossa, and must be considered after a negative CT examination with persistent clinical suspicions. MRI must also be considered in routine surveillance, if the earliest possible detection of metastasis, demyelination, and other pathologies is to be achieved. MRI should be considered in the evaluation of vertebral metastases, spinal cord compression, and back pain because of its ability to depict CSF, spinal cord, disk, and vertebral body as distinct structures and its sensitivity to marrow disease. In the extremities and pelvis, clearer depiction of soft tissues, vessels, and marrow is a proven advantage. Hence, MRI is indicated in the evaluation of prostate/bladder/rectal carcinoma, uterine/cervical carcinoma, soft tissues/bony sarcomas, and bone metastasis/infarction. In the abdomen, MRI's display of the retroperitoneum and sensitivity to liver lesions indicates its use in the evaluation and staging of renal/adrenal carcinoma, retroperitoneal sarcomas, primary liver tumors, and metastases. Moreover, MRI is also indicated in the evaluation of liver or adrenal masses of uncertain histology owing to a limited specificity of the MR signal for adenoma, carcinoma, and hemangioma. In the chest, MRI's advantages are currently limited owing to the excellent quality of CT images of mediastinum and lung parenchyma and the deleterious effects of respiratory motion. MRI's primary indications in the chest are for the distinction of mediastinal and hilar masses from vessels and aneurysms; evaluation of lumenal patency and superior vena cava syndrome; detection and display of pericardial effusion and the relationship of tumor to the pericardium; and evaluation of internal cardiac anatomy, thrombi, and tumor. Because of rapid technological advances, statements concerning MRI's limitations must be guarded.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in oncology. 333 79

Malignant pericarditis is a rare complication of cervical cancer. In the present case a metastatic pericardial disease developed in a patient who was initially treated by radiation therapy for stage IIb cervical carcinoma. Shortly after the first cycle of chemotherapy with cisplatin, VP-16 and hexamethylmelamine, a pericardial effusion was observed. After drainage of the pericardium and diagnosis of malignant metastatic disease the patient was successfully treated with the initial combination chemotherapy. The patient is still alive 12 months after pericardiotomy.
 ...
PMID:Cervical carcinoma complicated by malignant pericarditis. 342 58

Ninety patients with a history of breast cancer and pericardial effusion detected on echocardiography were identified and divided on a clinical basis into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 20 patients who had progressive metastatic breast cancer and echocardiography performed on a routine basis as a part of a clinical trial involving 38 patients. All 20 had small unexpected effusions, and only one patient developed symptomatic malignant pericardial disease late in her clinical course. Group 2 consisted of 32 patients who were without evidence of metastatic disease at the time of positive echocardiography and the etiology was considered benign in all patients. Six patients required pericardiectomy, five for severe radiation induced pericarditis and one for amyloid. No patient developed proven or suspected malignant pericardial disease. Group 3 comprised 38 patients who had known metastatic disease outside the pericardium at the time of positive echocardiography. Nineteen patients in Group 3 had histologically proven malignant involvement during life or at autopsy, and five more had suspected malignant pericardial disease. Ten patients initially were treated with pericardiectomy and 28 patients were managed with systemic therapy alone (24 patients) or with pericardiocentesis (four patients). Among the 12 patients with malignant effusion treated without surgery, proven local progression of pericardial disease occurred in six, with sudden death in two of those patients. No patient treated initially with surgery suffered progression of her pericardial disease. It was concluded that: small, clinically unsuspected pericardial effusions appear to be relatively common in women with metastatic breast cancer; no patient with clinical pericardial disease confirmed on echocardiography and no evidence of metastatic breast cancer developed malignant pericardial involvement; 50% of patients with known metastatic disease and a clinically apparent pericardial effusion had malignant pericardial disease; and nonsurgical therapy in patients with histologically proven or clinically suspected malignant pericardial effusion was associated with a high incidence of progressive pericardial disease.
 ...
PMID:Pericardial effusion in women with breast cancer. 359 62


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>