Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In two cases of typical small-cell bronchial carcinoma (one of them peripheral, small and clinically not diagnosed) destructive parenchylmal metastases in the pancreas, carcinomatous lymphoangiosis and infiltration of the larger excretory ducts by tumour cells were demonstrated. In both the clinical course was dominated by tryptic pancreatitis with treatment-refractory hypokalaemia. Since pancreatic metastases occur in about 10% of bronchial carcinomas, tryptic pancreatitis is, however, only rarely observed. It is, therefore, likely that autodigestion occurs only if in addition to parenchymal destruction by the metastases there are other factors. These may be blockage of lymphatic flow by carcinomatous lymphangiosis and duct stenosis by tumour infiltration of the walls. Hypercorticism due to ectopic ACTH production by the small-cell carcinoma may also be factor, but is without proof.
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PMID:[Tryptic pancreatitis in small-cell bronchial carcinoma (author's transl)]. 19 62

Tumor-specific immunity to carcinoma of the colon, pancreas and stomach was assayed by tube LAI. Cancers of the colon, pancreas and stomach, were shown to possess organ-type specific neoantigens. In 115 patients with colon cancer, 100%, 75%, 61% with Dukes' A, B and C cancer were LAI positive, respectively. Even a microfocus of in situ cancer in a colon adenoma was sufficient to stimulate measurable tumor-specific immunity in the host. In Dukes' D cancer, 25% of patients with widespread metastasis were positive, whereas 100% with solitary lesions were positive. Reactive leukocytes from patients with colon cancer did not react to extracts of normal bowel mucosa or villous adenoma from LAI-negative patients. Leukocytes from 19% (3 of 16) of patients with colon adenomas reacted to the extract of colon cancer but not normal colon mucosa. Moreover, the LAI-positive response of the patients with colon adenomas or colon cancer is directed to a colon cancer TSA which is linked to beta2-microglobulin. These studies suggest that some colon adenomas express TSA before morphological evidence of cancer. It is not known if the acquisition of a cell surface TSA is an irreversible step toward unrestrained growth and metastasis. In pancreatic cancer, 100% of patients with cancers less than 5 cm and without metastasis were LAI positive, whereas 29% were positive when the cancer was greater than 5 cm or had metastasized. In Patients with stomach cancer, 100% with Stage II and 46% with Stage III and IV cancer were LAI-positive. Leukocytes from patients with other GIT cancers and from patients with inflammatory bowel disease or pancreatitis did not react with extracts of colon, stomach or pancreatic cancer. Leukocytes from patients with metastatic cancer, usually did not react in the tube LAI assay because their surfaces were coated in vivo with TSA. LAI reactivity was present when CEA was not detectable and when CEA levels were elevated LAI activity was often absent. The present study suggests that the automated tube LAI shows sufficient promise to warrant studies to determine its efficacy for the diagnosis of GIT cancers.
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PMID:Tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay in gastrointestinal (GIT) cancer. 37 89

We report on eight cases of parathyroid carcinoma seen at the Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, since 1969. Diagnosis of a parathyroid disorder was made on the basis of elevated serum calcium levels and associated disorders such as renal calculi, peptic ulcer disease, pancreatitis, and demineralization of bone. Six of the involved glands were on the left side. In seven patients, the disease was localized to the gland or adjacent structures; one patient had cervical lymph node invasion. Except for the last patient, in whom radical neck dissection and wide excision was done, local excision with adequate margins was the only procedure done. The patient with metastases died of his disease four years later. One patient died of myocardial infarction two years later, but had been normocalcemic in the interval between operation and death, and one patient is hypercalcemic and has had two local recurrences within a 3 1/2 year period. The other five patients are alive and well. The routine use of automated serum level determinations of all hospitalized patients has led to early detection of this malignancy, while it is still a stage I lesion in many instances. On the basis of this material, we conclude that radical neck dissection can no longer be advocated as a routine measure in the treatment of parathyroid carcinoma.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the parathyroid. 62 71

Ultrasound is high frequency mechanical vibration. As far as is presently known, there are no harmful effects of ultrasound at the energy levels used in currently available commercial ultrasonic scanners. Ultrasonic studies are independent of organ function, are painless, and require nor special preparation. Ultrasonic scanning is useful in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease, especially in the detection of complications of pancreatitis such as pancreatic abscess or pseudocyst, and in diagnosing pancreatic carcinoma. Gallstones and dilation of the biliary tree can be detected ultrasonically even when the patient is jaundiced. Primary liver tumors and hepatic metastases can often be demonstrated. Intraabdominal abscesses are better investigated by ultrasound than by any other means currently available. Ultrasonic scanning also provides a sensitive means of detecting ascites. Ultrasonic control of needle placement has been suggested for pancreatic and liver biopsy, for aspiration of intraabdominal fluid collections, and for percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. Ultrasonic B-mode scans provide undistorted images of cross sections through the abdomen which can be used in radiotherapy planning to localize tumor masses and to place kidney shields accurately. Organ volumes can be estimated from a set of ultrasonic B-mode scans without any assumptions being made as to the shape of the organ.
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PMID:The use of ultrasound in the diagnosis of gastroenterological disease. 76 96

CEA is a beta1-glycoprotein (mol. w. approx. 200 000) which in embryonic life is usually found as a cell membrane associated antigen in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and pancreas. Furthermore, it is secreted into body fluids. In healthy adults a very low serum concentration may be found. The clinical significance of CEA lies in its increased formation in primary and secondary adenocarcinomas of colon and rectum and pancreatic carcinoma, where values of 20 ng/ml and more are observed. However, other gastrointestinal (e.g. oesophagus, stomach, gall-bladder) and extragastrointestinal tumors (e.g. lung, breast, urogenital, prostatic, ovarial carcinomas) as well as non-malignant diseases mainly of the GI tract (e.g. hepatitis, cirrhosis, pancreatitis, colitis, diverticulitis) may provoke less frequent and lower increases in the CEA level. Healthy smokers also tend to show a slight increase in CEA concentration. A certain relationship exists between the CEA level and the size and extent of the tumor so that a decrease following operation may account for complete tumor removal, whereas a persistent or recurring increase in the CEA level is highly suspicious of metastases and/or recurrent tumor. Difficulties in proving and purifying CEA are mainly caused by multiple cross-reactions of CEA with other substances, e.g. blood group substances (A, B, Lea, Leb) and normal or other antigens (NGP, NCA, CEX, CCEA 2, NCA 2, CCA-III, FSA, BCGP). The radioimmunoassay is the most suitable method to determine CEA levels in body fluids. The 3 procedures used differ in the precipitation of the specific immune complex by ammonium sulphate (AS), Z-gel (ZG) or a second antibody (SA). Depending on the method, the upper normal limit in serum or plasma corresponds to approximately 2.5 (AS, ZG) or 12.5 (SA) nanogramme/milliliter. CEA determination in the urine is of interest in patients suffering from bladder carcinoma.
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PMID:[Carcinofetal antigens. II. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). (author's transl)]. 108 Feb 18

Five patients with cystadenoma of the pancreas were seen during a period of 22 years at this institute. This rare benign tumor occurred predominantly in middle age women, with the presenting symptoms of pain and an epigastric mass, but without a history suggestive of pancreatitis or abdominal trauma. Selective celiac and superior mesenteric antiography is helpful in establishing the diagnosis. If this cystic tumor is not recognized and adequately treated, the surgeon may miss the opportunity for cure. Cystadenoma should be suspected when a cystic mass arising from the body or tail of the pancreas is encountered without evidence of metastases. Although surgical extirpation is the preferable treatment, undue risks should not be undertaken because of the slow growth rate of this benign tumor. Due to the known association of this tumor with other malignant lesions, diabetes mellitus as well as multicystic tumors of the liver and kidneys, these patients should be thoroughtly investigated.
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PMID:Cystadenoma of the pancreas. 112 84

Thirty right hepatic arteries discovered among 137 celiomesenteric angiographies show the high frequency (22%) of this variation. Radiologic anatomy of the right hepatic artery was discussed; with the exception of one atheromatous stenosis, the pathologic findings of the right hepatic artery and its terminal branches illustrate the development of a regional disease (12 cases or 40%). This assumed pathology is divided half in pancreatic causes (neoplasm, pancreatitis, pseudocysts) and half in hepatobiliary causes (metastatic cancer of the liver, cancer of the hilus, cirrhosis, hydatid cyst, alveolar echinococcosis or angioma). Five times the surgical technic was modified because of the right hepatic artery. Since these observations were made, we are studying the consequences of this hepatic artery over surgical technics and the approach to the various segments of this artery.
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PMID:A study of thirty right hepatic arteries. 125 99

Although carcinoid tumors in association with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome (MEN) has been well described, thymic carcinoid in association with MEN is extremely rare (only 23 cases in the world literature). A patient with thymic carcinoid and MEN-I was treated with surgical resection and postoperative radiation therapy, which was later followed by subtotal parathyroidectomy for hyperparathyroidism. Four years later, a symptomatic recurrence of his thymic carcinoid was resected from below his right clavicle. Six years after his original operation, the patient came to the hospital with pancreatitis, and a 5 cm, distal, pancreatic metastasis was resected. He now has symptomatic paraspinal and pleural metastases and is receiving somatostatin. Review of the world's literature shows that the majority of patients with thymic carcinoid and MEN-I are men with an average age of 37 years. Their clinical course is indolent, and surgery represents the only means of cure. Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy confer no survival advantage. The surgical decision making involved in treating a patient with thymic carcinoid and hyperparathyroidism associated with MEN is also discussed.
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PMID:Thymic carcinoid in association with MEN syndromes. 135 92

The aim of this retrospective study was to test the quality of pancreatic sonography in a hospital without CT. Out of 25 patients 21 were assessable. We made the correct diagnosis in 76.2% (n = 16) of the cases. The tumour size was between 25 and 60 mm. 20 tumours showed a relatively hypoechoic mass. A dilatation of biliary ducts could be seen in 87.5%. Metastasis of lymph nodes we could only detect in 38.5%, liver metastases in 64.5%. The sensitivity increases with the experience of the examiner, but lot of time is necessary. It is difficult to make a differential diagnosis between carcinoma and pancreatitis. In this cases, CT shows better results. In spite of improvements in sonography, early cancer still is a diagnostic problem.
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PMID:[Sonography of pancreatic cancer]. 150 30

Malignant tumours both of the pancreatoduodenal zone and of other organs situated close to or remote from it occupy a certain place among various etiopathogenetic factors of acute pancreatitis. Complication of the neoplastic process of these organs by acute carcinogenic pancreatitis (ACP) has an effect on the clinical picture of the disease as well as on the therapeutic tactics and the outcomes of the treatment. According to the authors' data (30 patients), ACP occurs in primary carcinoma of the pancreas and in its secondary involvement (metastases and growth of tumours of other organs into the pancreatic tissue). The article discusses the causative factors and clinical forms of ACP, the specific features of their diagnosis and therapeutic tactics. Purposeful nonoperative and operative treatment of ACP makes it possible to reduce the mortality in malignant diseases and prolong the patients' survival.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis in primary and metastatic tumors of the pancreas]. 171 52


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