Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The diagnostic value of 7 laboratory parameters for the detection of metastases was investigated in 136 patients with verified breast carcinoma after mastectomy. The post-operative interval was 6 to 80 months (means = 27.5). 61 patients had multiple metastases as determined by physical examination, X-rays, computertomography, sonographic and scan procedures, while the other 75 patients had no evidence of metastases. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alkaline phosphatase (AP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) proved to be reliable parameters for the presence of metastases; the combination of these 3 parameters had a sensitivity of 73.0% and a specificity of 94.7% in the detection of metastases. The additional determination of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT), blood sedimentation rate (BSR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum iron (Fe) increased the sensitivity of metastases detection to 83.8%, but the specificity decreased to 46.2%.
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PMID:[Significance of laboratory chemical parameters for the detection of metastases in breast cancer]. 614 67

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has been shown to be a useful tumor marker in patients with breast carcinoma. The unlabeled antibody immunoperoxidase technique was used to localize CEA in 93 cases of primary breast carcinoma, 15 cases of atypical duct papillomatosis, and 4 cases of duct papilloma. Normal breast epithelium and breast epithelium in fibrocystic disease did not stain positively for CEA. Twenty-four of 27 (88%) intraductal carcinomas, and 47 of 69 (68%) infiltrating duct carcinomas were CEA positive. In contrast, only 5 of 21 (23%) in situ lobular carcinomas and 8 of 24 (33%) infiltrating lobular carcinomas were positive for CEA. All 15 cases of atypical epithelial papillomatosis were negative, whereas 1 of the 4 cases of duct papilloma exhibited microscopic foci of weak CEA positivity. There was a trend for infiltrating duct carcinomas, 3 cm in diameter or smaller, staining strongly positive for CEA, to be associated with synchronous axillary lymph node metastases (P = 0.09). Tumor heterogeneity was a constant feature of CEA staining with positivity varying from region to region and even from cell to cell. Positive immunohistochemical staining for CEA may play an adjunctive role in discriminating intraductal carcinoma from atypical papillary ductal proliferations.
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PMID:The distribution of carcinoembryonic antigen in breast carcinoma. Diagnostic and prognostic implications. 619 97

Routinely embedded tumors (116 cases) were screened immunohistochemically for the thyroid-associated antigens, thyroglobulin and calcitonin, and for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Also the influence of different fixatives, decalcification, and embedding procedures were studied. All follicular and papillary carcinomas stained positive for thyroglobulin; 14 of the 23 undifferentiated carcinomas showed only a focal and weak reaction for thyroglobulin. The metastases showed the same reaction pattern as the primary lesion. Calcitonin was present only in the medullary carcinomas and in 2 of the 23 undifferentiated carcinomas. Carcinoembryonic antigen was not present frequently in the investigated carcinomas. The reliability of the method, its clinical importance, and the possibilities it offers for a more precise classification are discussed. The diagnostic value of the method is illustrated by two case reports.
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PMID:Thyroid-associated antigens in routinely embedded carcinomas. Possibilities and limitations studied in 116 cases. 620 90

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has been studied with a radioimmunoassay technique with an antiserum obtained from hepatic metastases of colonic cancer (Sorin Biomedica, Saluggia). The normal range of seric CEA varies from 0 to 10 ng/ml; 10 ng/ml is the higher value found in a smoker healthy subject. Seric CEA than 10 ng/ml has been found in 27% of cirrhoses, 39% of acute viral hepatitis (HBsAg+), 13.3% of chronic active hepatitis, 7.7% of chronic persistent hepatitis, 36% of alcoholic hepatitis and 100% of hepatomas. The diminished hepatic clearance of the antigen, or the derepression of its regulator gene, or the formation of CEA-like substances may cause the increase of seric CEA in hepatic diseases. The antiserum obtained from hepatic metastases of colonic carcinoma may explain the positivity in all the patients with hepatoma.
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PMID:[Assay of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in acute and chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma]. 626 78

Primary and secondary tumour and bone marrow trephine biopsies from 20 patients with carcinomas were stained for carcinoembryonic antigen by the three stage immunoperoxidase method. Six marrow biopsies contained tumour deposits, five of which were positive for carcinoembryonic antigen. A further five marrow biopsies contained single carcinoembryonic antigen positive cells of uncertain origin. Carcinoembryonic antigen staining may be a useful adjunct to conventional histology in the diagnosis of marrow metastases.
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PMID:Demonstration of carcinoembryonic antigen in bone marrow from patients with carcinoma. 638 89

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was performed as part of the follow-up tests in 243 patients who had mastectomy and in 57 patients who had recurrent or metastatic disease. In the former group, 50 patients developed recurrent disease and 48% had elevated CEA levels (greater than 5 ng/ml). Among the 193 patients known to be without recurrence, 12% also had elevated CEA's. Evaluation of 161 CEA tests in 107 patients with known relapse showed that only 8% of those with chest wall recurrences had abnormal CEA's, while 30-81% of those with visceral metastasis had higher levels. If 20 ng/ml of CEA is used as the cut-off point, no patients with chest wall or nodal recurrence had elevated values, while 12-13% of those with bone or lung disease and 29-38% of those with pleura and liver metastasis had higher values. The rate of rise is faster also with visceral metastasis. When the elevated CEA level is greater than 20 ng/ml, and when the metastatic lesion responded to systemic therapy, the rate of fall of CEA levels was similar to the rate of rise prior to treatment, and remained fairly constant for the individual patient.
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PMID:Serial tests of carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with breast cancer. 684 46

The investigation of clinical markers, i.e. substances produced and released by tumours, has been encouraged by the need for early diagnosis to increase the chances of successful treatment, and for biological parameters indicative of the progress of the disease itself. A study designed to appraise the usefulness of tumour-associated antigens in this respect in cases of breast cancer has been in operation for about 3 years at Oncological Service of the 2nd Obstetric and Gynaecological Clinic, University of Rome. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) values in 71 patients in the initial stages and with metastases followed for 24 months are presented. CEA levels are related to tumour stage, progression, and prognosis. High values appear to be associated with diffusion of the disease: 48% in initial cases; 69% in advanced cases. CEA is specific for this type of tumour. Even so, high values give an effective expression of its progress by identifying patients with a greated likelihood of recurrence. It is particularly useful as an early indication of recurrence itself. In addition, it is of assistance in monitoring the progress of treatment.
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PMID:[CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) in breast cancer. Clinical value]. 731 7

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in urine and serum from 294 patients with bladder cancer in varying stages have been clinically evaluated. All urine samples were obtained from patients with intact renal function and without bacterial infection in the bladder. The samples were collected before, during, and at follow-up examination after radiotherapy. They were perchloric acid extracted before being assayed in a double-antibody radioimmunoassay. The geometric mean of urine CEA levels for patients with primary tumors of Stage T1 or T2 was significantly lower than that for those with Stage T3 or T4 disease. The urine CEA levels for patients with tumors of various histologic grades did not differ. The urine CEA levels decreased from before to after radiation treatment of the primary tumor. Patients with recurrence within six months after undergoing primary treatment had higher initial mean urine CEA levels than did those without evidence of recurrence. The prognostic information for recurrence was limited to the more advanced tumors. Differences were also found between the means of samples taken before recurrence and after treatment of recurrent tumors; with regression of the tumor, a lower mean urine CEA level was found; with progression, a higher value. Urine CEA levels before any treatment were higher when the patients had a short survival time. Serum CEA levels were not related to stage or grade of the primary bladder tumor but levels were slightly elevated with metastases. The determination of urine CEA levels seems to be useful in the follow-up of patients with bladder carcinoma because when initially high, it adds to the information of the T classification and predicts early recurrence, and the monitoring of individual patients after primary treatment is useful for detecting recurrence.
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PMID:Assessment of serial CEA determinations in urine of patients with bladder carcinoma. 742 83

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was measured in the plasma by radioimmunoassay in 80 patients who were referred because of an apparently resectable lung cancer. There was no correlation between the initial CEA level and survival in patient whose tumours were found to be inoperable or had metastasized, with only 2 of 37 patients surviving longer than 2 years. Following a curative resection, the median survival for patients with initial CEA greater than 40 micrograms l-1 was 6 months compared to 14 months for those with CEA in the range 20-40 micrograms l-1, while 56 per cent of those with CEA less than 20 micrograms l-1 are still alive at 2 years. This trend was found to be highly significant (P < 0.005). Twenty-five per cent of all patients had an initial CEA greater than 40 micrograms l-1 and this was associated with a poor prognosis, despite complete surgical removal of the primary tumour. Such elevations, if discovered in the preoperative assessment, indicate a need for a thorough search for metastases.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen in the assessment of lung cancer. 746 19

A novel method of repeated hepatic dearterialization was evaluated in five patients with multiple metastases from gastric cancer in both hepatic lobes. After gastrectomy with extensive lymph node dissection (R2/3), all patients underwent implantation of a vascular occluder around the hepatic artery. Cannulation of the hepatic artery was added for later chemotherapy. The hepatic artery was occluded repeatedly for 1 hour twice daily in combination with intrahepatic infusion of anticancer drugs for as long as possible. Three of five patients demonstrated marked tumour regression with unexpectedly long survival (16 months in two patients and one still alive at 15 months). Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels decreased to almost normal in four patients who had initially high levels. The present experiences seems to indicate that long survival can be hoped for in patients with advanced gastric cancer with unresectable liver metastases.
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PMID:Repeated hepatic dearterialization for unresectable liver metastases from gastric cancer: review of five cases. 754 20


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