Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In colorectal carcinoma at the time of primary operation a much higher rate of occult micrometastases in the liver is to take in account as it is evident by the frequency of intraoperative found metastases (10--20%. Micrometastases likely can to need 3 to 8 years till they have increased so that the finally stage of generalization is to state. The survival rate of patients with colorectal carcinoma and hepatic metastases -- without therapy of metastases -- is 6 to 8 months and not differs from the survival rate of these patients whose primary tumor was inoperable by local reason. The today usual diagnostic procedures in the postoperative follow up control are able to detect liver metastases in most cases only in an inopportune stage for therapy. Probably the analysis of carcinoembryonic antigen is a progress in this question. The unique chance to block up or eliminate the frequently suspected micrometastases seems to be the general use of a post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Incidence and prognosis of metastases in colonic and rectal carcinomas]. 49 66

Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT) is characterized by high circulating levels of calcitonin (CT) and of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), these markers enable the diagnosis of the tumour, the assessment of the efficacy of treatment and the detection of metastases at a subclinical stage. In 130 patients with a primary tumour and/or metastases, CT level was high. In 120 of them (92%), CEA level was also high. There was a positive correlation between levels of CT and of CEA, and both assays should be included in the preoperative examinations. Following removal of the tumour, normalisation of CEA levels takes several weeks, in contrast to CT where normalisation is rapid. Finally, these estimations may be used to detect familial forms at a subclinical stage. This enabled us to detect 16 new cases of MCT amongst 77 subjects studied.
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PMID:[Tumours markers. Calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (author's transl)]. 53 Sep 45

In seven women with carcinoma of the breast I-131-labeled antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were administered subcutaneously in the finger webs. Subsequent scintigraphic immages demonstrated localization of radioactivity in the ipsilateral axillary metastases of all patients and in the contralateral axillae of three. Fifteen patients with either gastrointestinal or genitourinary cancers were studied as controls; in 12 both the hands and feet were injected with antibodies to CEA and in the other three either the hands or feet. Radioactivity was observed in the inquinal nodes of four control patients with tumors below the diaphragm and in the axillary nodes of one patient with a tumor above the diaphragm. The concentration of antibody in lymph node metastases from breast carcinoma was 100% specific. In those lymph nodes that presumably contained no metastatic tumor but demonstrated localization of labeled antibody, retention of CEA in the nodes from tumor drainage is postulated as the receptor site for the antibody.
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PMID:Axillary lymphoscintigraphy by radioimmunodetection of carcinoembryonic antigen in breast cancer. 53 90

Circulating levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) have been measured and compared in 51 subjects with gastric and colonic diseases. Levels were higher in gastric and colonic cancer patients than in normals or patients with other diseases. Elevations of both these markers were most frequent in patients with metastases. Concentrations of CEA and GPI in gastrointestinal washings were also measured. No correlation was found between total protein content and concentrations of CEA or GPI in the washings. Further characterization of the perchloric acid-soluble material from colon washings by gel filtration indicated that the CEA-like substance from colon cancer patients was higher in molecular weight than standard radiolabeled CEA and CEA from normal colon washings. When tested against anti-CEA antiserum and pure CEA from a colonic cancer metastasis, all CEA preparations showed immunological identity in gel-diffusion plates; on immunoelectrophoresis similar mobility was indicative of a similar charge.
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PMID:Quantitation and immunochemical characterization of carcinoembryonic antigen and glucose phosphate isomerase in blood and washings of patients with gastric and colonic diseases. 61 27

A long-term postoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) follow-up study is carried out with patients having undergone primary resection of histologically proved adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract. Up to now, 122 patients who underwent curative resections, as judged from the situs and the results of histologic examinations, were followed up for tumor recurrence by computerized CEA surveillance diagrams and clinical diagnostic methods. In the cases of tumor recurrence the rise of the CEA level preceded a positive clinical diagnosis by a mean of 4 months. On the basis of the CEA time course, we selected 28 patients for second-look surgery. In all cases proof of recurrence of the disease was obtained. A local recurrence correlating with a slow CEA rise was generally resectable, metastases correlating with a rapid CEA rise were only in some cases resectable, provided that second-look surgery was carried out without delay.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen follow-up and selection of patients for second-look operation in management of gastrointestinal carcinoma. 65 74

Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were performed by radioimmunoassay in 234 patients with histologically proved breast cancer: 181 with advanced metastatic disease and 53 without distant metastases but nodal involvement at time of mastectomy. Four hundred and thirty-four assays were done and correlated with the clinical status of the patients. Values above 2.5 ng/ml were taken as abnormal. Active disease was associated with elevated plasma CEA levels. Very high values were not recorded in 109 patients when they were considered to be in complete remission, while only 22 patients out of 63 patients with progressive disease had normal values. In 16 of these values remained normal despite progression of disease. In 6 patients clinical relapse preceded CEA elevation by 2--5 months. Tumor burden and abnormal serial CEA values showed positive correlation in 38 patients. In 30 patients, change in clinical status and CEA values occurred simultaneously. In only 2 patients an increase in CEA value occurred 2--3 months before clinical documentation of relapse.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with breast cancer: an adjunctive tool to monitor response and therapy. 69 17

A comparative evaluation of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP) as plasma markers for human breast carcinoma has been performed. Both assays appear to be useful in patients with metastatic breast carcinoma. Of 216 patients under treatment for metastatic disease, 111 (51%) had abnormal plasma levels of CEA and/or GCDFP. Abnormal plasma levels of CEA were present in 73 patients whereas abnormal GCDFP levels were present in 67. Twenty-nine patients had increased plasma levels of both markers simultaneously, 44 patients had increased CEA levels only and 38 patients had increased GCDFP levels only. Thus, of the 111 patients with elevated levels of either CEA or GCDFP, the two markers varied independently of each other in 74%. Utilizing both assays, abnormal plasma levels were present in 79% of patients with osseous metastasis, 53% of patients with visceral metastasis and 26% with soft tissue metastasis. Both assays, when performed serially in patients treated for metastatic breast carcinoma, were found to have utility in monitoring responsiveness; and increasing CEA or GCDFP plasma level indicated disease progression and a decreasing plasma level indicated regression.
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PMID:Comparative evaluation of carcinoembryonic antigen and gross cystic disease fluid protein as plasma markers for human breast carcinoma. 70 29

Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GTP) were studied in 24 patients with cancer metastatic to the uveal tract. Eighty-three percent demonstrated elevated CEA levels, while only 36% (49 of 135 patients) with primary uveal melanoma showed elevated levels. While none of the uveal melanoma patients had a CEA value greater than 10 ng/ml, 58% (14) of the patients with metastatic tumors to the uvea had values greater than 10 ng/ml. Forty-six percent (11) of patients with metastatic tumors to the uvea demonstrated elevated GTP levels that correlated with documentation of liver metastases. Ninety-two percent of the patients with metastatic cancer to the uvea had either an elevated CEA or GTP level. When used together, plasma CEA and GTP levels appear to be helpful in differentiating metastatic tumors to the uvea from primary uveal melanomas. These assays also appear to be useful in determining tumor burden and concurrent hepatic involvement in patients with metastatic tumors to the uvea.
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PMID:Evaluation of metastatic cancer to the eye. Carcinoembryonic antigen and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase. 84 92

Long-term studies on multiple plasma samples of 988 patients with carcinoma of entodermal origin indicate that, especially for patients with colorectal cancer, repeatedly elevated or rising carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) values are a sign of poor prognosis when found preoperatively, postoperatively or during chemotherapy. Persistently elevated CEA values in postoperative patients apparently free of disease are a useful marker for early detection of recurrence or metastases. Normal CEA values are of little or no prognostic value.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen: 3 years' experience in a cancer clinic. 84 60

Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were correlated with the stage of the tumor in 43 patients who underwent laparotomy for histologically proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Elevated CEA levels were noted in one third of the patients with tumors localized to the pancreas. When the carcinoma had extended beyond the pancreas or distant metastases were present, 78% of patients had elevated levels. Of the entire group of patients, 72% had elevated CEA levels.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen levels in pancreatic carcinoma. 86 34


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