Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventy-six women diagnosed with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) from 1985 to 1989 completed questionnaires evaluating their status on mood disturbance, marital satisfaction, sexual functioning, psychosocial response to illness, and report of the most stressful event occurring within the past year. Multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) were conducted on dependent measures to examine differences between diagnostic groups (partial mole, complete mole, persistent disease), time from diagnosis (less than 1 year, 1-2 years, or 3-5 years from diagnosis), and follow-up status (active disease or remission). MANOVAs revealed no significant differences in the dependent measures based on time from diagnosis, type of medical treatment received, or type of molar disease. The metastatic disease group displayed significantly greater mood disturbance (F(1, 66) = 17.63, P less than 0.0001) and reported suffering clinically significant levels of distress and significantly greater levels of distress in response to the illness (F(33, 39) = 2.32, P less than 0.006). Women with active disease also reported significantly greater levels of distress in response to the illness (F(33, 39) = 2.76, P less than 0.001). Across disease types, GTD patients experience clinically significant levels of anxiety, anger, fatigue, confusion, and sexual problems and are significantly impacted by pregnancy concerns for protracted periods of time.
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PMID:The psychological, social, and sexual consequences of gestational trophoblastic disease. 132 84

There is paucity of data on the value of neovascular blood flow measurements in the differential diagnosis of human choroidal tumors, mainly due to difficulties in quantitating tumor vascularity in vivo. Color Doppler imaging and Duplex ultrasound, the combination of B-mode ultrasound and pulse Doppler analysis, were used to quantify tumor blood flow in 103 untreated tumors of the choroid. Pulsatile blood flow was detected at the tumor base of 62 choroidal melanomas (tumor height (TH) 3.1-11.7 mm) with a mean peak systolic frequency (MPSF) of 0.98 kHz (range 0.3-2.7 kHz). Compared to melanomas pulsatile neovascular flow in choroidal metastases (TH 2.1-6.5 mm, n = 12) was significantly higher (MPSF 1.87 kHz, range 0.8-3.5 kHz). No Doppler signals were elicited from age-related macular degeneration (n = 9), choroidal nevus (TH 1.5-2.1 mm, n = 18) and choroidal osteoma (n = 2). The results indicate that the quantitative measurement of tumor blood flow by duplex and color Doppler ultrasound may serve as a new diagnostic tool in the evaluation of intraocular tumors.
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PMID:Duplex and color Doppler ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of choroidal tumors. 133 98

Nevus of Ota is uncommon in the non-Oriental population. We report a case of malignant melanoma with metastasis to the genitourinary tract in a Hispanic male with nevus of Ota. Thirty-six prior cases of nevus of Ota with malignant melanoma reported in the English language are reviewed. Sixty-eight percent were women; 76% were Caucasians. Metastatic disease was reported in 16%. Three patients had liver metastases. Our case was the first involving the genitourinary tract. All but one patient with metastatic disease died within 1 month of presentation. Despite the increased frequency of nevus of Ota in the Japanese, only 4 cases of malignant melanoma have been reported. Nevus of Ota would appear to be a risk factor for developing malignant melanoma in the Caucasian population.
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PMID:Malignant melanoma in a Hispanic male with nevus of Ota. 142 29

B cells derived from peripheral-blood lymphocytes (PBL) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from a patient with a high serum antibody titer to autologous melanoma were transformed with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and evaluated for reactivity against autologous tumor. B cells producing antibody reactive with autologous tumor and unreactive with normal fibroblasts were detected both in TIL and in PBL. One cell line derived from PBL and another derived from TIL sustained production of tumor-reactive antibody for 10 weeks and over 15 months respectively. The cell line derived from PBL, 2D11, produced an antibody reactive with a trypsin-resistant antigen expressed on the cell membrane of autologous and allogeneic melanoma cell lines. The cell line derived from TIL, 1F6, produced an antibody reactive with a cell-surface glycoprotein expressed by 5 autologous melanoma cell lines derived from 5 different metastases and 16/19 allogeneic melanoma cell lines. 1F6 also showed reactivity with cell lines derived from a blue nevus, a congenital nevus, an astrocytoma, and 1/4 renal-cell carcinomas; but it was not reactive with 5 foreskin melanocyte cell lines, 2 normal fibroblast lines, 5 leukemia/lymphoma lines, 8 lung-cancer lines, 8 glioblastoma lines, or lines derived from 1 ovarian carcinoma, 1 colon carcinoma, 1 vulvar carcinoma, 1 fibrosarcoma, 1 murine melanoma, or 4 murine leukemia/lymphomas. We describe here an antibody that detects a new melanoma specificity obtained by EBV transformation of tumor-infiltrating B cells.
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PMID:Analysis of two human monoclonal antibodies against melanoma. 145 38

The diagnosis and management of a 3-day-old infant with an exophytic pigmented growth on her back and chest are discussed. At 3 days of age, the child underwent a complete surgical excision of this lesion with immediate coverage by partial-thickness skin grafts. Pathologically, the lesion proved to be a thoracolumbar congenital melanocytic nevus with multiple focal areas of malignant melanoma. The child is now 3 years past surgery and shows no evidence of recurrence or distant metastases. The importance of this case lies in the presence of overt malignant melanoma at birth within a giant congenital nevocytic nevus.
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PMID:Congenital malignant melanoma. 161 92

A total of 145 melanocytic tumors (nevus, 38; primary malignant melanoma, 72; metastatic malignant melanoma, 35) were stained with Ki 67 monoclonal antibody using a three-step immunoperoxidase technique. For each case, mean numerical density and maximum numerical density of Ki 67 positive nuclei (number per mm3) were quantitatively evaluated using interactive image analysis. Maximum numerical densities revealed highly significant differences. Within the group of primary malignant melanomas, there was a significant correlation between proliferative activity and maximum tumor thickness. Further, a 'Ki 67-prognostic index' was assessed in each case of primary malignant melanoma, calculating the product of the Breslow index and maximum numerical density/1000 (103 +/- 12; range 1-694). In a prospective, short-term evaluation of primary malignant melanomas, there was a significant difference concerning 'Ki 67-prognostic index' between disease-free survival and occurrence of metastases. After a follow-up time of 24 months, only 63% of the patients with a 'Ki 67-prognostic index' greater than 25 were disease-free, whereas no patient with a 'Ki 67-prognostic index' less than 25 was found to have metastases. We conclude: assessment of the maximum numerical density of Ki 67 reflects the degree of malignancy in melanocytic skin tumors; within primary malignant melanomas, maximum numerical density of Ki 67 positive cells correlates with well-established prognostic parameters (tumor thickness, level of invasion, mitotic rate); assessment of the 'Ki 67-prognostic index' may be of additional prognostic value for patients with primary malignant melanoma.
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PMID:Ki 67 immunostaining in melanocytic skin tumors. Correlation with histologic parameters. 171 49

T-506 is a novel synthetic FUDR derivative which releases FUDR slowly in vivo. We studied antitumor activity of T-506 by i.v. injection against mouse colon cancer, colon 26. When T-506 was administrated to mice daily, from day 1 through day 10, or every 3 days, on days 1, 4, 7, and 11, after s.c. inoculation of the tumor, the survival period was expanded significantly. The subcutaneous tumor growth was also inhibited according to the dose levels. Then, we compared the therapeutic effects on the experimental hepatic metastasis of colon 26 between T-506, 5'-DFUR and UFT at each maximal tolerable dose; that is, T-506 (0.074 m mole/kg/day; i.v. on days 1, 4, 7, and 10), 5'-DFUR (1.0 m mole/kg/day; P. O. from day 1 to 7), UFT (0.1 m mole/kg/day; P. O. from day 1 to 7). T-506 and 5'-DFUR suppressed completely the metastases of 5 of 6 (83.3%) mice and 6 of 7 (85.7%), respectively. UFT did not show a significant inhibitory effect. However, since the loss of body weight was more marked in T-506 than in the other two drugs, the side effect was thought to be a serious problem. These data suggested that if the side effect could be overcome, T-506 would be useful clinically for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers or hepatic metastases.
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PMID:[Antitumor activity of T-506, a novel synthetic FUDR derivative, on murine colon cancer and its hepatic metastasis]. 182 81

Tubal gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) was diagnosed in 16 (0.8%) of 2,100 women with GTD managed at the New England Trophoblastic Disease Center. Tubal partial mole, complete mole and choriocarcinoma were present in 5, 5 and 6 patients, respectively. Patients with tubal GTD were not clinically distinguishable from those with traditional tubal pregnancies. While only one patient with tubal mole developed metastases, four patients with tubal choriocarcinoma presented with metastases. All the patients achieved complete, sustained remission.
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PMID:Gestational trophoblastic disease of the fallopian tube. 184 2

Nerve growth factor (NGF) stimulates growth and differentiation of sensory and sympathetic neurons. It is not known what role NGF plays in melanoma development, but nevus and malignant melanoma cells express NGF-receptor (NGF-R). We counted nerve fibers within melanocytic nevi, primary cutaneous melanomas, and cutaneous melanoma metastases using a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) as marker against a 200-kD glycoprotein that is expressed on human nerves. The expression of NGF-R was studied in serial cryostat sections using a MoAb against the NGF-R. Compared to normal skin, increased numbers of nerve fibers were found in 72 melanocytic nevi. In congenital nevi their number significantly increased with age. In 47 primary cutaneous melanomas the number of nerve fibers decreased in proportion to tumor thickness. In 33 cutaneous melanoma metastases no accumulation of nerve fibers was found. NGF-R was not expressed in normal skin melanocytes and in the majority of nevus cells in melanocytic nevi. Considerable numbers of NGF-R-positive nervus cells were found only in some congenital nevi and few acquired nevi with dysplastic features. By contrast, in primary and metastatic melanomas higher expression of NGF-R was observed. The increased number of nerve fibers in melanocytic nevi suggests that neurite-promoting factors are produced in situ. Production of such factors appears to be lost in malignant melanoma cells. The finding of an inverse correlation between an abundance of nerve fibers in NGF-R-poor nevi and a high expression of NGF-R in melanomas that show no evidence of nerve growth suggest a role of NGF and its receptor in malignant melanocytic tumors.
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PMID:Nerve growth and expression of receptors for nerve growth factor in tumors of melanocyte origin. 185 Jul 72

The authors compared the immunohistochemical reactivity of 13 uveal nevi and 20 uveal melanomas for HMB-45, S-100 protein, and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. All 33 of the lesions were positive for HMB-45. The false-negative rates for S-100 protein and NSE were 21% and 18%, respectively. If only strongly positive reactions were considered, more than 50% of the tumors would be interpreted as negative for S-100 protein and NSE. Nevi stained with less intensity than melanomas using all three antibodies. The expression of HMB-45 appeared to be greater in active nevi than in inactive nevi. There was a weak association between S-100 protein reactivity and the ability of the uveal melanomas to metastasize (P = 0.1); however, the standard deviation of nucleolar area was a much better predictor (P = 0.02). These results indicate that pathologists will find HMB-45 to be a useful tool in differentiating uveal melanoma from nonmelanocytic tumors.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical evaluation of uveal melanocytic tumors. Expression of HMB-45, S-100 protein, and neuron-specific enolase. 185 81


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