Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twin boys, both of whom had hypospadias and bilateral cryptorchidism, each developed a left-sided Wilms's tumour. The first twin was found to have an advanced multifocal tumour at the age of 15 months and died with local recurrence and pulmonary metastases. The diagnosis was made in the second twin one month later and at nephrectomy the tumour was found to be encapsulated without metastases; he is disease-free 12-years later. Although the histological appearances were similar in each twin, the tumours did not develop at the same rate and did not show the 'mirror-image' pattern suggested for embryonal tumours in identical twins.
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PMID:Wilm's tumour, hypospadias, and cryptorchidism in twins. 1 24

Cancer is now the second most frequent cause of death in the Federal Republic of Germany. According to medical estimates, surgery is the primary treatment for 80-90% of all tumors, and it is curative in 30-40% with or without concomitant radiotherapy. Chemotherapy is potentially curative in about 7%, immunotherapy in only +/- 0%. After a general discussion of radical and palliative operative techniques, the place of surgery in prophylactic indications, in recurrences, and in metastases is dealt with. Special problems occur in various organ tumors (thyroid, breast, esophagus, stomach, colon, and Wilms' tumors). In Heidelberg, an interdisciplinary oncologic group has been in existence since 1966; this group forms the basis of a tumor center, consisting of the two academic clinics and the German Cancer Research Center. Whether a speciality in surgical oncology is also needed in Germany is a question for further consideration.
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PMID:[The place of surgery in the modern treatment of cancer (author's transl)]. 8 20

Using the indirect immunoperoxidase method, alpha 1-fetoprotein (AFP) can be demonstrated in paraffin sections of tumours by light-microscopy. Among 160 tumour preparations it was demonstrated in five of six endodermal sinus tumors, 19 of 40 teratomas, the three hepatoblastomas and 9 of 16 primary liver-cell carcinomas. Among 15 rhabdomyosarcomas, 15 Wilms tumours, 15 neuroblastomas and 15 other malignant tumours only one rhabdomyosarcoma contained AFP. No AFP was demonstrated in 35 various benign tumours and various other human tissue samples. Distribution of AFP-producing cells in tumour tissue is generally focal samples. In malignant teratomas AFP was found only in areas which corresponded to an endodermal sinus tumour or an embryonic carcinoma. The practical significance of the results consists of (1) demonstration and localisation of AFP in tumour tissue; (2) aiding the differential diagnosis and classification of tumours and their metastases; and (3) recognition of pathogenetic connection between embryonic carcinoma and endodermal sinus tumour.
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PMID:[Alpha-1-fetoprotein in tumour tissue (author's transl)]. 9 77

The crude 5-year survival rate among children with Wilms' tumour increased from 54% for those diagnosed from 1960 to 1965 to 81% for the period 1966 to 1971. This resulted from an increased ability to cure metastatic disease and, to a lesser extent, to an increased ability to prevent relapse. It is proposed that, after resection and postoperative irradiation, maintained combination chemotherapy with actinomycin D and vincristine should be used electively to prevent relapse, but that this use should also be selective in order that overall morbidity be minimized. Of urgent priority, therefore, is improved delineation of present-day prognostic factors in children with Wilms' tumour.
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PMID:Wilms' tumour: treatment of 113 patients from 1960 to 1971. 16 47

The addition of chemotherapy to older standard treatment with surgery and radiotherapy has increased survival to more than 80% in localized Wilms' tumor, and about 50% in metastatic disease. Actinomycin-D and vincristine have proved to be the two most active agents. Multiple-course maintenance treatment with actinomycin-D has allowed fewer relapses, but not a significantly different survival rate than a single course of this drug. Use of actinomycin-D and vincristine in combination has been under study; initial indications show that the combination is superior to either drug employed singly. The need for postoperative radiotherapy in totally resected tumors confined to the kidney is also under study. Adriamycin is at present the most encouraging new drug that has had clinical trial.
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PMID:Advances in the treatment of Wilms' tumor. 16 42

Measurement of erythropoietin levels was achieved in urine, plasma and tumor extract specimens in 27 Wilms tumor patients. Good correlation of the stage of the disease, the clinical judgment of inactive or responding tumor foci and erythropoietin levels was noted. Erythropoietin levels are believed to reflect ectopic hormone production by the primary or secondary tumor. Since the erythropoietin hormone assayed in these and other Wilms tumor patients was not associated with polycythemia, it is believed that Wilms tumor-associated erythropoietin differs in some manner from the hormone produced normally in man and possible in other states associated with secondary polycythemia. Etythropoietin assay with further purification and technical development can be of additional widespread assistance in the clinical classification and subsequent management of the tumor state. Our study confirms this biological potential.
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PMID:Ectopic production of erythropoietin in Wilms tumor patients in relation to clinical stage and disease activity. 16 80

In a series of 81 patients with a diagnosis of Wilms' tumour seen at the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, between 1960-1972, two patients developed histologically proven bone metastases. In one patient a lump on the head was the presenting symptom of his Wilms' tumour. In the second patient an isolated metastasis developed in the iliac bone 2 3/4 years after complete removal of an encapsulated Wilms' tumour. The bone lesion was outside the previously irradiated volume. Response to treatment was poor and both patients died with further widespread disease. A review of other series confirms the low incidence of bone metastases from Wilms' tumour and the poor prognosis of this complication. This contrasts with a high incidence of pulmonary metastases in which the response to treatment and subsequent survival is good. The value of skeletal surveys and scans in detecting this relatively rare site of metastases from Wilms' tumour is discussed.
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PMID:Bone metastases in Wilms' tumour. 16 15

To determine the long-term effects of therapeutic pulmonary irradiation and treatment with actinomycin D during a period of lung growth, 12 patients treated for Wilms' tumor metastatic to the lung and 8 patients treated for Wilms' tumor with no evidence of pulmonary metastases were studied 7 to 14 years after their initial tumor therapy. All patients had received irradiation to the tumor bed and treatment with actinomycin D. Group 1 had received a single course of bilateral pulmonary irradiation; group 2 had received additional pulmonary irradiation and/or thoracic surgery; group 3 had received no therapeutic irradiation directed primarily to the chest. Total lung capacity (TLC) averaged 71% of predicted value in group 1, 58% in group 2, and 94% in group 3. Diffusing capacity in groups 1 and 2 was reduced to the same extent as lung volume. Quasi-static pressure-volume relationships, studied in three of six patients in group 1, were within the normal range when lung volume was expressed as percentage of observed TLC. Airway resistance, evaluated by spirometry, maximum expiratory flow-volume curves, and resistance of the total respiratory system, was normal or reduced. The data support the hypothesis that therapeutic irradiation during a period of lung growth primarily affects the lung parenchyma and produces a decrease in subsequent size of both the lung and chest wall. No effect of actinomycin D alone upon the lung could be demonstrated.
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PMID:Effects of therapeutic irradiation delivered in early childhood upon subsequent lung function. 16 50

Sixty-two patients with pulmonary metastases from a variety of primary malignant neoplasms were treated with total-lung irradiation. The incidence of radiation pneumonitis was 21%(13/62) overall, rising to 23% (9/39) in those receiving a tumor dose of 1,500 rads or more. Nine patients with radiation pneumonitis were given chemotherapy (actinomycin D) together with irradiation, and in this group the incidence of radiation pneumonitis was 25%. Five survivors, including 4 treated for metastatic Wilms' tumor, were treated more than 13 months prior to analysis without evidence of disease thus far. Total-lung irradiation for primary malignant neoplasms other than Wilms' tumor does not presently appear to be indicated. A dose of 1,500 rads in 2 weeks in conjunction with actinomycin D is recommended for metastatic Wilms' tumor.
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PMID:Total-lung irradiation in the treatment of pulmonary metastases. 16 12

The Wilms' tumor (Wistar-Furth, Columbia University) animal model kills the host in a predictable period of time, associated with widespread metastases (lungs, liver, spleen) regardless of the route of tumor transplantation. Actinomycin D in single or multiple doses has previously been shown to increase survival, reduce the primary tumor weight, as well as the number of metastases in this experimental model. The model thus has close similarity to man. The present report describes a remarkable effect of adriamycin in this animal system. The beneficial results are, however, limited by severe dose-related toxicity. Nevertheless, faced with recurrent or metastatic lesions following prior current conventional clinical therapy, based on the present experimental results, we believe adriamycin treatment should be given serious clinical consideration.
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PMID:Beneficial effects of adriamycin on Wistar-Furth Wilms' tumor. 16 76


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