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Query: UMLS:C0027627 (metastases)
 103,950 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the presence of a solid intrarenal mass, ultrasound scans should not be limited to the mass itself. Modern commercial gray scale equipment is capable of demonstrating both tumor extension into the inferior vena cava and the metastatic disease to the liver. The presence of multiple solid intrarenal masses favors the diagnosis of metastatic disease to the kidney or multiple angiomyolipomas. Retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy or an adrenal mass coincidental with an intrarenal mass suggests metastatic disease. These possibilities can be detected by echography if prone scans are performed over the suprarenal region and the contralateral kidney, and supine scans are performed for evaluation of the inferior vena cava, liver, and retroperitoneum.
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PMID:The complete echographic evaluation of solid renal masses. 10 19

Retrospective review of 160 patients with carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx was accomplished for the period 1964 to 1974. The majority were treated by low dose preoperative radiation and conservation surgery and the rest by preoperative radiation and total laryngectomy or radiation alone. Relapse-free and actuarial 5 year survival for all patients was 71% and 45%, respectively. Of primary and neck failures, 85% occurred within 2 years. Primary, nodal, and distant failures occurred in 11%, 21%, and 14% of all patients, respectively. Of 40 T and/or N failures, 33 (83%) occurred in the neck and three T and six N failures (23%) were surgically salvaged. Voice was preserved in 71% of the patients. Major complications were noted in 16% and minor complications in 26% of surgically managed patients; operative mortality was 4%. The presence of microscopic lymph node metastases best predicted those who would later develop T and/or N failure and distant metastases. Second primary tumors occurred in 26% and the leading cause of death was tumor.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx. 10 94

Tumors of the pineal and suprasellar region form a rare and interesting group of lesions with germinomas accounting for over 50% of all lesions in this anatomic region. The Brain Tumor Committee of Childrens Cancer Study Group (CCSG) recently surveyed all CCSG member institutions to determine treatment parameters and assess the techniques. A total of 140 patients were seen during the period from 1960 to 1975; 118 patients were evaluable, having adequate treatment records. One hundred and one patients were less than 30 years of age with a 2:1 male predominance. Thirty-six of the 57 biopsied patients (63%) were found to have germinomas. The survival of patients in the germinoma group (72%) was comparable to that of the patients without biopsy (71%). The overall survival rate for all patients (biopsied and unbiopsied) was 65% with follow-up times ranging from 2 to 15 years. Nine patients developed spinal cord metastases (8%), two of whom also had simultaneous primary recurrence; none of these patients had received adjunctive spinal irradiation.
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PMID:Tumors of the pineal and suprasellar region: Childrens Cancer Study Group treatment results 1960--1975: a report from Childrens Cancer Study Group. 10 1

Preoperative irradiation of 5,000 rad in 5 weeks before total laryngectomy with radical neck dissection was compared for two groups of patients: (1) those treated to a smaller volume through lateral opposed fields (37 patients) and (2) those treated to a larger volume by adding a third field directed to the lower neck and supraclavicular fossae (46 patients). There were no significant differences in tolerance to irradiation or in postoperative complications. However, locoregional tumor control improved significantly from 63% to 90% (P less than 0.02) with the three-field technique, and all four stomal recurrences were in the two-field group. Deaths from intercurrent disease and from distant metastases without local recurrence account for the failure to improve the overall survival rate.
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PMID:High dose preoperative irradiation of the lower neck and supraclavicular fossae. 10 36

Experience with computed tomography (CT) in 25 patients with histologically proven osteosarcoma is presented. CT was as accurate as conventional radiographic methods in determining the presence of a lesion, but it was definitely superior in defining the extent of disease, particularly intramedullary extension and soft tissue extraosseous tumor component. CT was capable of demonstrating skip metastases in one patient. CT plays a key role in the preoperative evaluation of osteosarcoma patients, particularly when less than radical surgery is planned as primary treatment and when postoperative recurrence is suspected. CT is also useful in assessing the response to therapy in nonsurgical cases. The technique involved in the performance of this examination is discussed.
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PMID:Computed tomography in the evaluation of osteosarcoma: experience with 25 cases. 10 81

Thirteen girls with malignant ovarian tumors treated at Memorial Hospital from August 1971 through October 1975 with extensive surgery, multi-drug chemotherapy (T-2 protocol) and postoperative radiation were reviewed. The plan of radiation was to deliver 3,000 rads to the whole abdomen and boost the para-aortic and pelvic area with 1,500 rads in five to six weeks. In only two patients was the radiation conducted as planned. In others the treatment was either interrupted or discontinued due to complications. Four of the thirteen patients are dead. The cause of death in two of these patients was distant metastases; the two other patients died without evidence of tumor due to treatment complications. Three of the nine patients who are alive without evidence of disease have late complications. Following radical surgery, lower doses of radiation given concomitantly with T-2 protocol chemotherapy seem to be sufficient for controlling the disease.
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PMID:Radiation in multidisciplinary treatment of children with malignant ovarian tumors. 10 52

An unusual case of a light chain plasma cell myeloma is described. The disease was initially characterized by a diffuse lymphoplasmacytic bone marrow involvement, but subsequently developed widespread extramedullary metastases with anaplastic tumors in the skin which histologically resembled a "histiocytic lymphoma." Electron microscopic examination, in vitro protein synthesis of bone marrow lymphoidal cells, chemical and immunochemical studies of serum and urine proteins, and intracellular immunoglobulin study by the immunoperoxidase technique on the skin biopsy and postmortem tumor tissue demonstrated evidence for lambda light chain synthesis and secretion. These findings provide further support to the notion that the wide spectrum of diverse morphologic patterns seen in lymphoplasmacytic disorders originates from the same progenitor B-lymphoid cell. Distinguishing anaplastic variant of plasma cell myeloma from other undifferentiated neoplasms offers a challenge.
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PMID:Lymphoplasmacytic myeloma: an immunological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study. 11 Apr 36

Occasionally, during the course of combined (radiation plus surgery) treatment of head and neck malignancies, the patient experiences a profound response to radiotherapy alone and elects to decline the second phase of treatment, namely, surgery. After a variable interval, radiotherapy is reinstituted to a "curative" level. A series of 14 laryngeal and oropharyngeal carcinomas, treated in this disjointed fashion, has been examined with respect to long-term survival. The prognosis is extremely unfavorable, thus supporting a basic philosophy of continuing with the prescribed surgical treatment despite a dramatic response to noncancericidal doses of radiotherapy. The site and stage of tumor, radiation dosage, interval to completion of therapy, and incidence of local and distant metastases are examined. It appears that every effort should be made to provide continuity in the combined therapeutic protocol if the advantages of this mode of therapy are to be effective.
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PMID:Interruption of combined therapy: a factor in decreased survival. 11 46

An experimental model of gastric sarcoma was elaborated experimentally on 228 Wistar rats. Tumors were induced by single DMBA injections into the glandular stomach wall in rats or by securing a cellophane plate onto its anterior surface. Tumors developed in 95 rats. Most tumors would show a mesenchymatous origin (89.8% of cases) and may be defined as leiomyosarcomas partly polymorphocellular ones, and more rarely as fibro- and reticulosarcomas. Tumors of the adenocarcinoma and solid cancer type developed only after DMBA administration. It was noted that the tumors arisen develop metastases in the regional lymph nodes but not often.
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PMID:[Gastric sarcomas induced in rats by DMBA and cellophane]. 11 35

In a 20 year period seven cases of craniocervical chordoma were seen and treated. Since it is not possible to completely resect these lesions, the aim of treatment has been to debulk the tumor as much as feasible and employ postoperative irridation. Palliation is the most that can be hoped for, and minimal success in delaying the natural history of the tumor has been achieved. Surgery for relief of symptoms secondary to bulky recurrence is indicated for palliation, as is a repeat course of x-ray therapy. Isolated cases of long-term useful survival have followed doses in the range of 10,000 rads or more [19,20]. This therapy is usually given in smaller increments of an initial dose when there is evidence of recurrent tumor or pain [2]. However, whenever the dosage to the spinal cord or the base of the brain exceeds 4,000 rads, there is a concern about possible permanent radiation damage. These patients are difficult to care for late in the course of their disease when multiple cranial nerve paralysis, long tract signs, and intractable pain become progressively severe. Chordomas usually remain localized; however, about 10% metastasize distally. One case is presented of a large retropharyngeal mass with destruction of the second cervical vertebra that recurred locally in 3 months despite usual treatment; distal bony metastases were found 3 years after initial treatment. The histology of the lesion, its recurrence, and distal bony metastases were essentially indistinguishable from the other lesions that remained localized. Short periods of palliation from severe local pain and exquisite tenderness have been achieved by local resection of the involved bones.
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PMID:Craniocervical chordomas. 11 69


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